"akelarre" meaning in Basque

See akelarre in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /akelare/, [a.ke̞.la.re̞] Audio: LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-akelarre.wav
Etymology: aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”) Etymology templates: {{compound|eu|aker|larre|t1=he-goat|t2=meadow}} aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”) Head templates: {{eu-noun|in}} akelarre inan Inflection templates: {{eu-decl-inanim}} Forms: inanimate [table-tags], akelarre [absolutive, indefinite], akelarrea [absolutive, indefinite, singular], akelarreak [absolutive, indefinite, plural], akelarrek [ergative, indefinite], akelarreak [ergative, indefinite, singular], akelarreek [ergative, indefinite, plural], akelarreri [dative, indefinite], akelarreari [dative, indefinite, singular], akelarreei [dative, indefinite, plural], akelarreren [genitive, indefinite], akelarrearen [genitive, indefinite, singular], akelarreen [genitive, indefinite, plural], akelarrerekin [comitative, indefinite], akelarrearekin [comitative, indefinite, singular], akelarreekin [comitative, indefinite, plural], akelarrerengatik [causative, indefinite], akelarrearengatik [causative, indefinite, singular], akelarreengatik [causative, indefinite, plural], akelarrerentzat [benefactive, indefinite], akelarrearentzat [benefactive, indefinite, singular], akelarreentzat [benefactive, indefinite, plural], akelarrez [indefinite, instrumental], akelarreaz [indefinite, instrumental, singular], akelarreez [indefinite, instrumental, plural], akelarretan [indefinite, inessive], akelarrean [indefinite, inessive, singular], akelarreetan [indefinite, inessive, plural], akelarretako [indefinite, locative], akelarreko [indefinite, locative, singular], akelarreetako [indefinite, locative, plural], akelarretara [allative, indefinite], akelarrera [allative, indefinite, singular], akelarreetara [allative, indefinite, plural], akelarretaraino [indefinite, terminative], akelarreraino [indefinite, singular, terminative], akelarreetaraino [indefinite, plural, terminative], akelarretarantz [directive, indefinite], akelarrerantz [directive, indefinite, singular], akelarreetarantz [directive, indefinite, plural], akelarretarako [destinative, indefinite], akelarrerako [destinative, indefinite, singular], akelarreetarako [destinative, indefinite, plural], akelarretatik [ablative, indefinite], akelarretik [ablative, indefinite, singular], akelarreetatik [ablative, indefinite, plural], akelarrerik [indefinite, partitive], - [indefinite, partitive, singular], - [indefinite, partitive, plural], akelarretzat [indefinite, prolative], - [indefinite, prolative, singular], - [indefinite, plural, prolative]
  1. a nocturnal group of witches and the devil; a coven Tags: inanimate
    Sense id: en-akelarre-eu-noun-snsH4Xv0
  2. a Basque celebration of witches Tags: inanimate
    Sense id: en-akelarre-eu-noun-hcLgfErD Categories (other): Basque entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Basque entries with incorrect language header: 5 84 12
  3. a noisy gathering Tags: inanimate
    Sense id: en-akelarre-eu-noun-VTh~uINf

Download JSON data for akelarre meaning in Basque (6.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "aquelarre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: aquelarre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: aquelarre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "aker",
        "3": "larre",
        "t1": "he-goat",
        "t2": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inanimate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eu-decl-inanim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrea",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreari",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreaz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrean",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "akelarre inan",
      "name": "eu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "eu-decl-inanim"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a nocturnal group of witches and the devil; a coven"
      ],
      "id": "en-akelarre-eu-noun-snsH4Xv0",
      "links": [
        [
          "witches",
          "witches"
        ],
        [
          "devil",
          "devil"
        ],
        [
          "coven",
          "coven"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 84 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a Basque celebration of witches"
      ],
      "id": "en-akelarre-eu-noun-hcLgfErD",
      "links": [
        [
          "Basque",
          "Basque"
        ],
        [
          "witches",
          "witches"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a noisy gathering"
      ],
      "id": "en-akelarre-eu-noun-VTh~uINf",
      "links": [
        [
          "gathering",
          "gathering"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/akelare/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a.ke̞.la.re̞]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-akelarre.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "akelarre"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Basque compound terms",
    "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
    "Basque inanimate nouns",
    "Basque lemmas",
    "Basque nouns",
    "Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Basque terms with audio links"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "aquelarre",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: aquelarre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: aquelarre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "aker",
        "3": "larre",
        "t1": "he-goat",
        "t2": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "aker (“he-goat”) + larre (“meadow”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inanimate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eu-decl-inanim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrea",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreari",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrearentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreaz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrean",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarreetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarrerik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akelarretzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "akelarre inan",
      "name": "eu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "eu-decl-inanim"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a nocturnal group of witches and the devil; a coven"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "witches",
          "witches"
        ],
        [
          "devil",
          "devil"
        ],
        [
          "coven",
          "coven"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a Basque celebration of witches"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Basque",
          "Basque"
        ],
        [
          "witches",
          "witches"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a noisy gathering"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gathering",
          "gathering"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/akelare/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[a.ke̞.la.re̞]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-akelarre.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Xabier_Ca%C3%B1as-akelarre.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "akelarre"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Basque dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.