See ܠ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aii",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*lV-",
"t": "for, to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "ל־",
"tr": "lə-"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew ל־ (lə-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِـ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِـ (li-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "ana",
"3": "𒀀𒈾",
"tr": "ana"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately merged from Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”) + *ʔila (“towards, nigh”); cognate with Hebrew ל־ (lə-), אֶל (el), Arabic لِـ (li-), إِلَى (ʔilā) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "l-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠ-",
"roman": "l-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠ-",
"roman": "il-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܝܼ",
"roman": "lī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܲܢ",
"roman": "lan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܝܼ",
"roman": "ilī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܝܢ",
"roman": "illayn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܘܼܟ݂",
"roman": "lōḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܟ݂ܝ",
"roman": "lāḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
"roman": "lāwḵōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܘܟ݂",
"roman": "illawḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܹܝܟ݂ܝ",
"roman": "illēḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
"roman": "illawḵōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܹܗ",
"roman": "lēh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܗ̇",
"roman": "lāh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܗܘܿܢ",
"roman": "lhōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ",
"roman": "ilūh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܘܿܗ̇",
"roman": "illōh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܝܗܘܿܢ",
"roman": "illayhōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ܠ-"
},
"expansion": "ܠ- • (l-)",
"name": "aii-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"lang_code": "aii",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards; indicating a destination or end-point"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-qeSyHz19",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 19 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 16 14 13 12 10 10 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
25,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
27
],
[
28,
29
],
[
32,
33
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "Last week I went to Nineveh.",
"roman": "b-šāḇōˁā d-ˁḇīrēh zīl lī l-nīnwē.",
"text": "ܒܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܹܗ ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠ ܠܝܼ ܠܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ.",
"translation": "Last week I went to Nineveh.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
22
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
24
]
],
"english": "What time will we get to the city?",
"roman": "šāˁaṯ kmā bit māṭēḥ l-mḏīttā?",
"text": "ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܟܡܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܡܵܛܹܝܚ ܠܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ؟",
"translation": "What time will we get to the city?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards; indicating a destination or end-point",
"Indicating the destination of movement"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-ycs-q4zx",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 16 14 13 12 10 10 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
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[
10,
13
]
],
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[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "He gave her a gift.",
"roman": "qim yāḇēl lāh dāšnā.",
"text": "ܩܸܡ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܕܵܫܢܵܐ.",
"translation": "He gave her a gift.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Indicating the recipient of a transfer"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-qAwpmPwf",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 16 14 13 12 10 10 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
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[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"english": "They told us what happened.",
"roman": "qim āmrī lan mā wē lēh.",
"text": "ܩܸܡ ܐܵܡܪܝܼ ܠܲܢ ܡܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ.",
"translation": "They told us what happened.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Indicating the addressee of an utterance"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-WlMQvzoJ",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 16 14 13 12 10 10 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
21
]
],
"english": "What are you doing to the door?",
"roman": "mā ìtōn biˁḇādā l-tarˁā?",
"text": "ܡܵܐ ܝܬܘܿܢ ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܕܵܐ ܠܬܲܪܥܵܐ؟",
"translation": "What are you doing to the door?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
15,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
14
],
[
15,
16
],
[
20,
21
]
],
"english": "Maryam ate an apple.",
"roman": "maryam ḵīl lāh l-ḥabbūšā",
"text": "ܡܲܪܝܲܡ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܠܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ",
"translation": "Maryam ate an apple.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Marking the definite direct object; the person or thing affected by an action"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-XEY3iYEB",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ܒ-"
},
{
"word": "ܝܵܬ݂"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
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[
20,
26
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "The doctor has blue eyes",
"literal_meaning": "The doctor there is to him blue eyes.",
"roman": "āsyā īṯ lēh ˁaynē zrōqē.",
"text": "ܐܵܣܝܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܝ̈ܢܹܐ ܙܪ̈ܘܿܩܹܐ.",
"translation": "The doctor has blue eyes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"english": "Don’t you have money?",
"literal_meaning": "Is there not money to you?",
"roman": "layt lōḵ kispā?",
"text": "ܠܲܝܬ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܟܸܣܦܵܐ؟",
"translation": "Don’t you have money?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of; indicating a possessor",
"Used with ܐܝܼܬ݂ (īṯ) or (for non-possession) ܠܲܝܬ (layt)"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-ok-r0qGF",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"ܐܝܼܬ݂",
"ܐܝܬ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
],
[
"ܠܲܝܬ",
"ܠܝܬ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "I will have a big house",
"literal_meaning": "There will be to me a big house.",
"roman": "bit hāwē lī baytā rabbā.",
"text": "ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܪܲܒܵܐ.",
"translation": "I will have a big house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of; indicating a possessor",
"Used with a form of ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē)"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-HZmTWXJX",
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"ܗܵܘܹܐ",
"ܗܘܐ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
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[
6,
11
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "I heard a voice.",
"literal_meaning": "Heard to me a voice.",
"roman": "šmīˁ lī qālā",
"text": "ܫܡܝܼܥ ܠܝܼ ܩܵܠܵܐ",
"translation": "I heard a voice.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "She ate an apple.",
"literal_meaning": "Ate to her an apple.",
"roman": "ḵīl lāh ḥabūšā",
"text": "ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ",
"translation": "She ate an apple.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with the absolute singular state of the past participle to indicate the preterite past tense"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-4U0H2szN"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
15
],
[
18,
19
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],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "My house is between the hill and the lake.",
"roman": "baytī bēn tillā l-yamṯā",
"text": "ܒܲܝܬܝܼ ܒܹܝܢ ܬܸܠܵܐ ܠܝܲܡܬ݂ܵܐ",
"translation": "My house is between the hill and the lake.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
13
],
[
29,
30
],
[
32,
33
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],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
33,
36
]
],
"english": "She’s sitting between her mother and her aunt.",
"roman": "ṯīḇtā ìlāh bēn immāh l-ḥāltāh",
"text": "ܝܬ݂ܝܼܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܒܹܝܢ ܐܸܡܵܗ̇ ܠܚܵܠܬܵܗ̇",
"translation": "She’s sitting between her mother and her aunt.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and, to"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-prep-VGl21PeQ",
"links": [
[
"ܒܹܝܢ",
"ܒܝܢ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ܒܹܝܢ (bēn, “between”)) and, to"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ܒܹܝܢ (bēn, “between”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ܘ-"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[l(ə)-]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪl-]"
}
],
"word": "ܠ-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aii",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*lV-",
"t": "for, to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "ל־",
"tr": "lə-"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew ל־ (lə-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِـ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِـ (li-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "ana",
"3": "𒀀𒈾",
"tr": "ana"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately merged from Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”) + *ʔila (“towards, nigh”); cognate with Hebrew ל־ (lə-), אֶל (el), Arabic لِـ (li-), إِلَى (ʔilā) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ܠܸ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܹ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܝܼ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "li-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "lē-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "l-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "lī-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ܠܸ-",
"head2": "ܠܹ-",
"head3": "ܠ-",
"head4": "ܠܝܼ-"
},
"expansion": "ܠܸ- or ܠܹ- or ܠ- or ܠܝܼ- • (li- or lē- or l- or lī-)",
"name": "aii-particle"
}
],
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"lang_code": "aii",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 10 18 15 13 8 10 10 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 16 14 13 12 10 10 5 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 15 15 15 4 13 13 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 15 15 15 3 14 14 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ܦܬ݂ܵܚܵܐ (pṯāḥā, “opening”) → ܠܸܦܬ݂ܵܚܵܐ (lipṯāḥā, “to close”)"
},
{
"text": "ܐ݇ܟ݂ܵܠܵܐ (ḵālā, “eating”) → ܠܹܐ݇ܟ݂ܵܠܵܐ (lēḵālā, “to eat”)"
},
{
"text": "ܡܡܲܠܘܿܠܹܐ (mmalōlē, “speaking”) → ܠܡܡܲܠܘܿܠܹܐ (l-mmallōlē, “to speak”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to; added to gerunds to form the first part of a to-infinitive"
],
"id": "en-ܠ--aii-particle-whfyLT9s",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[l(ə)-]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪl-]"
}
],
"word": "ܠ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aii",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*lV-",
"t": "for, to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "ל־",
"tr": "lə-"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew ל־ (lə-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِـ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِـ (li-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "ana",
"3": "𒀀𒈾",
"tr": "ana"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately merged from Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”) + *ʔila (“towards, nigh”); cognate with Hebrew ל־ (lə-), אֶל (el), Arabic لِـ (li-), إِلَى (ʔilā) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "l-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠ-",
"roman": "l-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠ-",
"roman": "il-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܝܼ",
"roman": "lī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܲܢ",
"roman": "lan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܝܼ",
"roman": "ilī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܝܢ",
"roman": "illayn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܘܼܟ݂",
"roman": "lōḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܟ݂ܝ",
"roman": "lāḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
"roman": "lāwḵōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܘܟ݂",
"roman": "illawḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܹܝܟ݂ܝ",
"roman": "illēḵ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
"roman": "illawḵōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܹܗ",
"roman": "lēh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܵܗ̇",
"roman": "lāh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܗܘܿܢ",
"roman": "lhōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ",
"roman": "ilūh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܘܿܗ̇",
"roman": "illōh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"stem",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ܐܸܠܲܝܗܘܿܢ",
"roman": "illayhōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ܠ-"
},
"expansion": "ܠ- • (l-)",
"name": "aii-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"lang_code": "aii",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to, towards; indicating a destination or end-point"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
25,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
27
],
[
28,
29
],
[
32,
33
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "Last week I went to Nineveh.",
"roman": "b-šāḇōˁā d-ˁḇīrēh zīl lī l-nīnwē.",
"text": "ܒܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܹܗ ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠ ܠܝܼ ܠܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ.",
"translation": "Last week I went to Nineveh.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
22
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
24
]
],
"english": "What time will we get to the city?",
"roman": "šāˁaṯ kmā bit māṭēḥ l-mḏīttā?",
"text": "ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܟܡܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܡܵܛܹܝܚ ܠܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ؟",
"translation": "What time will we get to the city?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards; indicating a destination or end-point",
"Indicating the destination of movement"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "He gave her a gift.",
"roman": "qim yāḇēl lāh dāšnā.",
"text": "ܩܸܡ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܕܵܫܢܵܐ.",
"translation": "He gave her a gift.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Indicating the recipient of a transfer"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"english": "They told us what happened.",
"roman": "qim āmrī lan mā wē lēh.",
"text": "ܩܸܡ ܐܵܡܪܝܼ ܠܲܢ ܡܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ.",
"translation": "They told us what happened.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Indicating the addressee of an utterance"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
21
]
],
"english": "What are you doing to the door?",
"roman": "mā ìtōn biˁḇādā l-tarˁā?",
"text": "ܡܵܐ ܝܬܘܿܢ ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܕܵܐ ܠܬܲܪܥܵܐ؟",
"translation": "What are you doing to the door?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
15,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
14
],
[
15,
16
],
[
20,
21
]
],
"english": "Maryam ate an apple.",
"roman": "maryam ḵīl lāh l-ḥabbūšā",
"text": "ܡܲܪܝܲܡ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܠܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ",
"translation": "Maryam ate an apple.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, for; corresponding to an English indirect object or a Latin dative",
"Marking the definite direct object; the person or thing affected by an action"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ܒ-"
},
{
"word": "ܝܵܬ݂"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "The doctor has blue eyes",
"literal_meaning": "The doctor there is to him blue eyes.",
"roman": "āsyā īṯ lēh ˁaynē zrōqē.",
"text": "ܐܵܣܝܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܝ̈ܢܹܐ ܙܪ̈ܘܿܩܹܐ.",
"translation": "The doctor has blue eyes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"english": "Don’t you have money?",
"literal_meaning": "Is there not money to you?",
"roman": "layt lōḵ kispā?",
"text": "ܠܲܝܬ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܟܸܣܦܵܐ؟",
"translation": "Don’t you have money?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of; indicating a possessor",
"Used with ܐܝܼܬ݂ (īṯ) or (for non-possession) ܠܲܝܬ (layt)"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"ܐܝܼܬ݂",
"ܐܝܬ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
],
[
"ܠܲܝܬ",
"ܠܝܬ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant transliterations",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "I will have a big house",
"literal_meaning": "There will be to me a big house.",
"roman": "bit hāwē lī baytā rabbā.",
"text": "ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܪܲܒܵܐ.",
"translation": "I will have a big house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of; indicating a possessor",
"Used with a form of ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē)"
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"ܗܵܘܹܐ",
"ܗܘܐ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "I heard a voice.",
"literal_meaning": "Heard to me a voice.",
"roman": "šmīˁ lī qālā",
"text": "ܫܡܝܼܥ ܠܝܼ ܩܵܠܵܐ",
"translation": "I heard a voice.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "She ate an apple.",
"literal_meaning": "Ate to her an apple.",
"roman": "ḵīl lāh ḥabūšā",
"text": "ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ",
"translation": "She ate an apple.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with the absolute singular state of the past participle to indicate the preterite past tense"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
15
],
[
18,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "My house is between the hill and the lake.",
"roman": "baytī bēn tillā l-yamṯā",
"text": "ܒܲܝܬܝܼ ܒܹܝܢ ܬܸܠܵܐ ܠܝܲܡܬ݂ܵܐ",
"translation": "My house is between the hill and the lake.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
13
],
[
29,
30
],
[
32,
33
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
33,
36
]
],
"english": "She’s sitting between her mother and her aunt.",
"roman": "ṯīḇtā ìlāh bēn immāh l-ḥāltāh",
"text": "ܝܬ݂ܝܼܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܒܹܝܢ ܐܸܡܵܗ̇ ܠܚܵܠܬܵܗ̇",
"translation": "She’s sitting between her mother and her aunt.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and, to"
],
"links": [
[
"ܒܹܝܢ",
"ܒܝܢ#Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ܒܹܝܢ (bēn, “between”)) and, to"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ܒܹܝܢ (bēn, “between”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ܘ-"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[l(ə)-]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪl-]"
}
],
"word": "ܠ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic particles",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aii",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*lV-",
"t": "for, to"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "ל־",
"tr": "lə-"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew ל־ (lə-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِـ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِـ (li-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "ana",
"3": "𒀀𒈾",
"tr": "ana"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately merged from Proto-Semitic *lV- (“for, to”) + *ʔila (“towards, nigh”); cognate with Hebrew ל־ (lə-), אֶל (el), Arabic لِـ (li-), إِلَى (ʔilā) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾 (ana).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ܠܸ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܹ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ܠܝܼ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "li-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "lē-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "l-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "lī-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ܠܸ-",
"head2": "ܠܹ-",
"head3": "ܠ-",
"head4": "ܠܝܼ-"
},
"expansion": "ܠܸ- or ܠܹ- or ܠ- or ܠܝܼ- • (li- or lē- or l- or lī-)",
"name": "aii-particle"
}
],
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"lang_code": "aii",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ܦܬ݂ܵܚܵܐ (pṯāḥā, “opening”) → ܠܸܦܬ݂ܵܚܵܐ (lipṯāḥā, “to close”)"
},
{
"text": "ܐ݇ܟ݂ܵܠܵܐ (ḵālā, “eating”) → ܠܹܐ݇ܟ݂ܵܠܵܐ (lēḵālā, “to eat”)"
},
{
"text": "ܡܡܲܠܘܿܠܹܐ (mmalōlē, “speaking”) → ܠܡܡܲܠܘܿܠܹܐ (l-mmallōlē, “to speak”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to; added to gerunds to form the first part of a to-infinitive"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[l(ə)-]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪl-]"
}
],
"word": "ܠ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ܠ- meaning in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (12.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ܠ-"
],
"section": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ܠ-",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 3"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"ܠ-"
],
"section": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ܠ-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Assyrian Neo-Aramaic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.