See atu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "dig"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*tu",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu (“to dig”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu (“to dig”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "atu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "matu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "metuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "atur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "tudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "metudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "metudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "matutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tua",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "metui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "turabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "metura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "meturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "atu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Ao",
"lang_code": "njo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to dig"
],
"id": "en-atu-njo-verb-Dmbqc2e4",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to dig"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to stab, pierce"
],
"id": "en-atu-njo-verb-M7XCr2HF",
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to stab, pierce"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a˥.tu˥/",
"note": "Chungli"
},
{
"ipa": "[a˥.tu˥]",
"note": "Chungli"
}
],
"word": "atu"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "go up"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "atu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "matu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "atuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "matuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "atur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "atudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "matudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "matudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "matutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "atuang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "atua",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "atura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "aturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "matura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "maturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "atu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "1"
},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Ao",
"lang_code": "njo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 12 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ao entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go up"
],
"id": "en-atu-njo-verb-vrpB4Jgl",
"links": [
[
"go up",
"go up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to go up"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a˥.tu˩/",
"note": "Chungli"
},
{
"ipa": "[a˥.tu˩]",
"note": "Chungli"
}
],
"word": "atu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ao entries with incorrect language header",
"Ao lemmas",
"Ao terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Ao terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Ao terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ao verbs",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "dig"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*tu",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu (“to dig”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu (“to dig”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "atu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "matu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "metuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "atur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "tudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "metudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "metudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "matutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tua",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "metui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "turabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "metura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "meturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "atu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Ao",
"lang_code": "njo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to dig"
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to dig"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to stab, pierce"
],
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to stab, pierce"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a˥.tu˥/",
"note": "Chungli"
},
{
"ipa": "[a˥.tu˥]",
"note": "Chungli"
}
],
"word": "atu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ao entries with incorrect language header",
"Ao lemmas",
"Ao terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ao verbs",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "go up"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "njo-conj-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "atu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "matu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "atuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "matuogo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "atur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "atudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "matudar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "matudagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"progressive"
]
},
{
"form": "atutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "matutsü",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "atuang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tatu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "atua",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "matui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"negative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "atura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "aturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"affirmative",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "matura",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "maturabang",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"negative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njo",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "atu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "1"
},
"name": "njo-conj-c"
}
],
"lang": "Ao",
"lang_code": "njo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to go up"
],
"links": [
[
"go up",
"go up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chungli) to go up"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/a˥.tu˩/",
"note": "Chungli"
},
{
"ipa": "[a˥.tu˩]",
"note": "Chungli"
}
],
"word": "atu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for atu meaning in Ao (5.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Future/infinitive'",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Chungli",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Future/infinitive'",
"path": [
"atu"
],
"section": "Ao",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "atu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ao dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.