"ἱδρώς" meaning in Ancient Greek

See ἱδρώς in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /hiː.drɔ̌ːs/, /iˈðros/, /iˈðros/, /hiː.drɔ̌ːs/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /(h)iˈdros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /iˈðros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /iˈðros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /iˈðros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan), /hi.drɔ̌ːs/, /iˈðros/, /iˈðros/, /hi.drɔ̌ːs/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /(h)iˈdros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /iˈðros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /iˈðros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /iˈðros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts, from Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts, from *sweyd- (“to sweat”) (whence also ἰδίω (idíō), ἶδος (îdos)). Particularly close cognates include Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn), Latvian sviedri, Albanian djersë. Etymology templates: {{root|grc|ine-pro|*sweyd-}}, {{inh|grc|grk-pro|*hwidrṓts}} Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts, {{inh|grc|ine-pro|*swidrṓts}} Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts, {{cog|xcl|քիրտն}} Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn), {{cog|lv|sviedri}} Latvian sviedri, {{cog|sq|djersë}} Albanian djersë Head templates: {{grc-noun|ῑ̆̔δρῶτος|m|third|head=ῑ̆̔δρώς}} ῑ̆̔δρώς • (hī̆drṓs) m (genitive ῑ̆̔δρῶτος); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|ἱδρώς|ἱδρῶτος|DS=ἱδρῶτι/ἱδρῷ}} Forms: ῑ̆̔δρώς [canonical], hī̆drṓs [romanization], ῑ̆̔δρῶτος [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], ὁ ἱδρώς [nominative, singular], ἱδρῶτε [dual, nominative], οἱ ἱδρῶτες [nominative, plural], τοῦ ἱδρῶτος [genitive, singular], ἱδρώτοιν [dual, genitive], ἱδρώτων [genitive, plural], τῷ ἱδρῶτι [dative, singular], ἱδρῷ [dative, singular], ἱδρώτοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς ἱδρῶσῐ [dative, plural], ἱδρῶσῐν [dative, plural], toîs hidrôsĭ [dative, plural], toîs hidrôsĭn [dative, plural], τὸν ἱδρῶτᾰ [accusative, singular], ἱδρῶτε [accusative, dual], τοὺς ἱδρῶτᾰς [accusative, plural], ἱδρώς [singular, vocative], ἱδρῶτε [dual, vocative], ἱδρῶτες [plural, vocative], ἴδρως [alternative, Aeolic], ἱδρώτας [alternative, Byzantine]
  1. sweat, perspiration Synonyms: ἶδος
    Sense id: en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-K-jpUWkZ
  2. exudation or distillation from trees, gum, resin, sap Synonyms: δάκρῠ, στᾰλαγμός
    Sense id: en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-ch9C2qHE Categories (other): Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension: 16 41 20 23
  3. juice, moisture
    Sense id: en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-IguYnw90
  4. anything earned by the sweat of one's brow
    Sense id: en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-kUwWrQrk Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Epic Greek, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Bodily fluids Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 12 31 15 42 Disambiguation of Epic Greek: 11 25 12 52 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 6 13 5 76 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 6 11 5 79 Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 22 7 6 65
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: στᾱ́ζω ἱδρῶτῐ (stā́zō hidrôtĭ)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "stā́zō hidrôtĭ",
      "word": "στᾱ́ζω ἱδρῶτῐ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "ιδρώτας"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: ιδρώτας (idrótas)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: ιδρώτας (idrótas)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sweyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "grk-pro",
        "3": "*hwidrṓts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swidrṓts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "քիրտն"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sviedri"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian sviedri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "djersë"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian djersë",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts, from Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts, from *sweyd- (“to sweat”) (whence also ἰδίω (idíō), ἶδος (îdos)). Particularly close cognates include Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn), Latvian sviedri, Albanian djersë.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ῑ̆̔δρώς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hī̆drṓs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ῑ̆̔δρῶτος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἱδρώς",
      "roman": "ho hidrṓs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἱδρῶτες",
      "roman": "hoi hidrôtes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἱδρῶτος",
      "roman": "toû hidrôtos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτοιν",
      "roman": "hidrṓtoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτων",
      "roman": "hidrṓtōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἱδρῶτι",
      "roman": "tôi hidrôti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῷ",
      "roman": "hidrôi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτοιν",
      "roman": "hidrṓtoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ἱδρῶσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs hidrôsĭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs hidrôsĭn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἱδρῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tòn hidrôtă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἱδρῶτᾰς",
      "roman": "toùs hidrôtăs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώς",
      "roman": "hidrṓs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτες",
      "roman": "hidrôtes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἴδρως",
      "roman": "ídrōs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Aeolic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτας",
      "roman": "hidrṓtas",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Byzantine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ῑ̆̔δρῶτος",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "ῑ̆̔δρώς"
      },
      "expansion": "ῑ̆̔δρώς • (hī̆drṓs) m (genitive ῑ̆̔δρῶτος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἱδρώς",
        "2": "ἱδρῶτος",
        "DS": "ἱδρῶτι/ἱδρῷ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 350d",
          "roman": "metà hidrôtos",
          "text": "μετὰ ἱδρῶτος"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.599",
          "roman": "katà d’ hi. érrheen ek meléōn",
          "text": "κατὰ δ’ ἱ. ἔρρεεν ἐκ μελέων"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 767",
          "roman": "hi. anḗiei khrōtí",
          "text": "ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Coriolanus 3",
          "roman": "rhéesthai hidrôti",
          "text": "ῥέεσθαι ἱδρῶτι"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 289, (of sweat as the sign of toil)",
          "roman": "tês aretês hidrôta theoì propároithen éthēkan",
          "text": "τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.1.29",
          "roman": "hidrôta parékhein",
          "text": "ἱδρῶτα παρέχειν"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorisms 4.36"
        },
        {
          "text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 867a.13"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 239c, (opposed to the effect of baths)",
          "roman": "hidrôtes xēroí",
          "text": "ἱδρῶτες ξηροί"
        },
        {
          "text": "C.E. 80–110, Textus Receptus, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Λουκᾶν 22.44"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sweat, perspiration"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-K-jpUWkZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ],
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ἶδος"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 41 20 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 1175",
          "roman": "smúrnēs",
          "text": "σμύρνης"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "Ion Trag., 40",
          "roman": "druós",
          "text": "δρυός"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 52.12, (of wine)",
          "roman": "Bromiádos hidrôta pēgês",
          "text": "Βρομιάδος ἱδρῶτα πηγῆς"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "exudation or distillation from trees, gum, resin, sap"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-ch9C2qHE",
      "links": [
        [
          "exudation",
          "exudation"
        ],
        [
          "distillation",
          "distillation"
        ],
        [
          "gum",
          "gum"
        ],
        [
          "resin",
          "resin"
        ],
        [
          "sap",
          "sap"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "δάκρῠ"
        },
        {
          "word": "στᾰλαγμός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "juice, moisture"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-IguYnw90",
      "links": [
        [
          "juice",
          "juice"
        ],
        [
          "moisture",
          "moisture"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 31 15 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 25 12 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Epic Greek",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 13 5 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 11 5 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 7 6 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "grc:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "391 BCE, Aristophanes, Assemblywomen 750",
          "roman": "ou gàr tòn emòn hidrôta…ekbalô",
          "text": "οὐ γὰρ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα…ἐκβαλῶ"
        },
        {
          "text": "Chor. 270.B."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything earned by the sweat of one's brow"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἱδρώς-grc-noun-kUwWrQrk",
      "links": [
        [
          "by the sweat of one's brow",
          "by the sweat of one's brow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hiː.drɔ̌ːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiː.drɔ̌ːs/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(h)iˈdros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hi.drɔ̌ːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hi.drɔ̌ːs/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(h)iˈdros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἱδρώς"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweyd-",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Epic Greek",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Bodily fluids"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "stā́zō hidrôtĭ",
      "word": "στᾱ́ζω ἱδρῶτῐ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "ιδρώτας"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: ιδρώτας (idrótas)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: ιδρώτας (idrótas)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sweyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "grk-pro",
        "3": "*hwidrṓts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swidrṓts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "քիրտն"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sviedri"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian sviedri",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "djersë"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian djersë",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *hwidrṓts, from Proto-Indo-European *swidrṓts, from *sweyd- (“to sweat”) (whence also ἰδίω (idíō), ἶδος (îdos)). Particularly close cognates include Old Armenian քիրտն (kʻirtn), Latvian sviedri, Albanian djersë.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ῑ̆̔δρώς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hī̆drṓs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ῑ̆̔δρῶτος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ ἱδρώς",
      "roman": "ho hidrṓs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ ἱδρῶτες",
      "roman": "hoi hidrôtes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ ἱδρῶτος",
      "roman": "toû hidrôtos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτοιν",
      "roman": "hidrṓtoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτων",
      "roman": "hidrṓtōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ ἱδρῶτι",
      "roman": "tôi hidrôti",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῷ",
      "roman": "hidrôi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτοιν",
      "roman": "hidrṓtoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς ἱδρῶσῐ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶσῐν",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs hidrôsĭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs hidrôsĭn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν ἱδρῶτᾰ",
      "roman": "tòn hidrôtă",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς ἱδρῶτᾰς",
      "roman": "toùs hidrôtăs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώς",
      "roman": "hidrṓs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτε",
      "roman": "hidrôte",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρῶτες",
      "roman": "hidrôtes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἴδρως",
      "roman": "ídrōs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Aeolic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἱδρώτας",
      "roman": "hidrṓtas",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Byzantine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ῑ̆̔δρῶτος",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "third",
        "head": "ῑ̆̔δρώς"
      },
      "expansion": "ῑ̆̔δρώς • (hī̆drṓs) m (genitive ῑ̆̔δρῶτος); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἱδρώς",
        "2": "ἱδρῶτος",
        "DS": "ἱδρῶτι/ἱδρῷ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 350d",
          "roman": "metà hidrôtos",
          "text": "μετὰ ἱδρῶτος"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.599",
          "roman": "katà d’ hi. érrheen ek meléōn",
          "text": "κατὰ δ’ ἱ. ἔρρεεν ἐκ μελέων"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 767",
          "roman": "hi. anḗiei khrōtí",
          "text": "ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Coriolanus 3",
          "roman": "rhéesthai hidrôti",
          "text": "ῥέεσθαι ἱδρῶτι"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 289, (of sweat as the sign of toil)",
          "roman": "tês aretês hidrôta theoì propároithen éthēkan",
          "text": "τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.1.29",
          "roman": "hidrôta parékhein",
          "text": "ἱδρῶτα παρέχειν"
        },
        {
          "text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorisms 4.36"
        },
        {
          "text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 867a.13"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 239c, (opposed to the effect of baths)",
          "roman": "hidrôtes xēroí",
          "text": "ἱδρῶτες ξηροί"
        },
        {
          "text": "C.E. 80–110, Textus Receptus, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Λουκᾶν 22.44"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sweat, perspiration"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ],
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ἶδος"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 1175",
          "roman": "smúrnēs",
          "text": "σμύρνης"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "Ion Trag., 40",
          "roman": "druós",
          "text": "δρυός"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 52.12, (of wine)",
          "roman": "Bromiádos hidrôta pēgês",
          "text": "Βρομιάδος ἱδρῶτα πηγῆς"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "exudation or distillation from trees, gum, resin, sap"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "exudation",
          "exudation"
        ],
        [
          "distillation",
          "distillation"
        ],
        [
          "gum",
          "gum"
        ],
        [
          "resin",
          "resin"
        ],
        [
          "sap",
          "sap"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "δάκρῠ"
        },
        {
          "word": "στᾰλαγμός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "juice, moisture"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "juice",
          "juice"
        ],
        [
          "moisture",
          "moisture"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "391 BCE, Aristophanes, Assemblywomen 750",
          "roman": "ou gàr tòn emòn hidrôta…ekbalô",
          "text": "οὐ γὰρ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα…ἐκβαλῶ"
        },
        {
          "text": "Chor. 270.B."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything earned by the sweat of one's brow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "by the sweat of one's brow",
          "by the sweat of one's brow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hiː.drɔ̌ːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiː.drɔ̌ːs/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(h)iˈdros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hi.drɔ̌ːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hi.drɔ̌ːs/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/(h)iˈdros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iˈðros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἱδρώς"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ἱδρώς meaning in Ancient Greek (9.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.