See ἔθος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ethás",
"word": "ἐθάς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ethḗmōn",
"word": "ἐθήμων"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ethízō",
"word": "ἐθίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ethikós",
"word": "ἐθικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "éthimos",
"word": "ἔθιμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "êthos",
"word": "ἦθος"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"id": "habit"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्वधा",
"3": "",
"4": "habit, custom",
"tr": "svadhā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्वधा (svadhā́, “habit, custom”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ἔθω (éthō). Cognate to Sanskrit स्वधा (svadhā́, “habit, custom”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "éthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθη",
"roman": "tằ éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔθους",
"roman": "toû éthous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθοῖν",
"roman": "ethoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθῶν",
"roman": "ethôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔθει",
"roman": "tôi éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθοῖν",
"roman": "ethoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἔθεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs éthesĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs éthesĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθη",
"roman": "tằ éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθος",
"roman": "éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθη",
"roman": "éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔθεος",
"roman": "toû étheos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθευς",
"roman": "étheus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέοιν",
"roman": "ethéoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέων",
"roman": "ethéōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔθει",
"roman": "tôi éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεῐ̈",
"roman": "étheĭ̈",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέοιν",
"roman": "ethéoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐν ἔθεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ éthesĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ éthesĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθος",
"roman": "éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθους",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "ἔθεος"
},
"expansion": "ἔθος • (éthos) n (genitive ἔθους or ἔθεος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθος",
"2": "ἔθους",
"dial": "att"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθος",
"2": "ἔθεος",
"dial": "ion"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 31 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 25 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 46 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "grc:Ethics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"habit, custom, manner, way"
],
"id": "en-ἔθος-grc-noun-7Mc0zrB7",
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"custom",
"custom"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 46 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "grc:Ethics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disposition, temper"
],
"id": "en-ἔθος-grc-noun-DQtYhjYX",
"links": [
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
],
[
"temper",
"temper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 46 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "grc:Ethics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"habitually, customarily (in dative)"
],
"id": "en-ἔθος-grc-noun-IQLP7dw8",
"links": [
[
"habitually",
"habitually"
],
[
"customarily",
"customarily"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/é.tʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/é.tʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἔθος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"grc:Ethics"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ethás",
"word": "ἐθάς"
},
{
"roman": "ethḗmōn",
"word": "ἐθήμων"
},
{
"roman": "ethízō",
"word": "ἐθίζω"
},
{
"roman": "ethikós",
"word": "ἐθικός"
},
{
"roman": "éthimos",
"word": "ἔθιμος"
},
{
"roman": "êthos",
"word": "ἦθος"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"id": "habit"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्वधा",
"3": "",
"4": "habit, custom",
"tr": "svadhā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्वधा (svadhā́, “habit, custom”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ἔθω (éthō). Cognate to Sanskrit स्वधा (svadhā́, “habit, custom”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "éthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθη",
"roman": "tằ éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔθους",
"roman": "toû éthous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθοῖν",
"roman": "ethoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθῶν",
"roman": "ethôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔθει",
"roman": "tôi éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθοῖν",
"roman": "ethoîn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἔθεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs éthesĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs éthesĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθη",
"roman": "tằ éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθος",
"roman": "éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθη",
"roman": "éthē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔθεος",
"roman": "toû étheos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθευς",
"roman": "étheus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέοιν",
"roman": "ethéoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέων",
"roman": "ethéōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔθει",
"roman": "tôi éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεῐ̈",
"roman": "étheĭ̈",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐθέοιν",
"roman": "ethéoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐν ἔθεσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ éthesĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ éthesĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔθος",
"roman": "tò éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθος",
"roman": "éthos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθει",
"roman": "éthei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεε",
"roman": "éthee",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔθεᾰ",
"roman": "étheă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθους",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "ἔθεος"
},
"expansion": "ἔθος • (éthos) n (genitive ἔθους or ἔθεος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθος",
"2": "ἔθους",
"dial": "att"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔθος",
"2": "ἔθεος",
"dial": "ion"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"habit, custom, manner, way"
],
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"custom",
"custom"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"disposition, temper"
],
"links": [
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
],
[
"temper",
"temper"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"habitually, customarily (in dative)"
],
"links": [
[
"habitually",
"habitually"
],
[
"customarily",
"customarily"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/é.tʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/é.tʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.θos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἔθος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἔθος meaning in Ancient Greek (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.