"πτέρνη" meaning in Ancient Greek

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tpḗrsneh₂",
        "4": "",
        "5": "heel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "perna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perna",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पार्ष्णि",
        "tr": "pā́rṣṇi"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πέρνα",
        "t1": "ham"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of πέρνα (pérna, “ham”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”). Cognates include Latin perna and Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi). Doublet of πέρνα (pérna, “ham”), which was borrowed from Latin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ptérnē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ πτέρνη",
      "roman": "hē ptérnē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ πτέρναι",
      "roman": "hai ptérnai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς πτέρνης",
      "roman": "tês ptérnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πτέρναιν",
      "roman": "toîn ptérnain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν πτερνῶν",
      "roman": "tôn pternôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ πτέρνῃ",
      "roman": "têi ptérnēi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πτέρναιν",
      "roman": "toîn ptérnain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς πτέρναις",
      "roman": "taîs ptérnais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν πτέρνην",
      "roman": "tḕn ptérnēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς πτέρνᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s ptérnās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνη",
      "roman": "ptérnē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρναι",
      "roman": "ptérnai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτέρνης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "πτέρνη • (ptérnē) f (genitive πτέρνης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτέρνη",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heel"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-ruEu68rI",
      "links": [
        [
          "heel",
          "heel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 47 3 4 8 35",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "grc:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hoof"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-khLpyET8",
      "links": [
        [
          "hoof",
          "hoof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heel of a shoe"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-l-vAUwCF"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "footstep"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-CDRq3x~2"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "foot or lower part of anything"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-JNNvF3RG",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) foot or lower part of anything"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Epic Greek",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 13 4 5 4 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 13 4 5 4 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 17 5 6 5 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 13 4 5 4 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 4 5 4 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ham"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτέρνη-grc-noun-Dsz-JjZo",
      "links": [
        [
          "ham",
          "ham"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Epic) ham"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Epic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ptér.nɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ptér.nɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ne̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ptérna",
      "word": "πτέρνα"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πτέρνη"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek doublets",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
    "grc:Body parts"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tpḗrsneh₂",
        "4": "",
        "5": "heel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "perna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perna",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पार्ष्णि",
        "tr": "pā́rṣṇi"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πέρνα",
        "t1": "ham"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of πέρνα (pérna, “ham”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *tpḗrsneh₂ (“heel”). Cognates include Latin perna and Sanskrit पार्ष्णि (pā́rṣṇi). Doublet of πέρνα (pérna, “ham”), which was borrowed from Latin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ptérnē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ πτέρνη",
      "roman": "hē ptérnē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ πτέρναι",
      "roman": "hai ptérnai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς πτέρνης",
      "roman": "tês ptérnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πτέρναιν",
      "roman": "toîn ptérnain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν πτερνῶν",
      "roman": "tôn pternôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ πτέρνῃ",
      "roman": "têi ptérnēi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν πτέρναιν",
      "roman": "toîn ptérnain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς πτέρναις",
      "roman": "taîs ptérnais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν πτέρνην",
      "roman": "tḕn ptérnēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς πτέρνᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s ptérnās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνη",
      "roman": "ptérnē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρνᾱ",
      "roman": "ptérnā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτέρναι",
      "roman": "ptérnai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτέρνης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "πτέρνη • (ptérnē) f (genitive πτέρνης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτέρνη",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heel",
          "heel"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hoof"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hoof",
          "hoof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heel of a shoe"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "footstep"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "foot or lower part of anything"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) foot or lower part of anything"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Epic Greek"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ham"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ham",
          "ham"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Epic) ham"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Epic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ptér.nɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ptér.nɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ne̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpter.ni/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "ptérna",
      "word": "πτέρνα"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πτέρνη"
}