"πέλεκυς" meaning in Ancient Greek

See πέλεκυς in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /pé.le.kys/, /ˈpe.le.cys/, /ˈpe.le.cis/, /pé.le.kys/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈpe.le.kys/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈpe.le.cys/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈpe.le.cys/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈpe.le.cis/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Uncertain: Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”), pointing to a late, dialectal Proto-Indo-European word like *peleḱu- which does not appear to be a native formation. This etymon is often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, “axe handle”). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or another Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, “kind of pulse”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin. Etymology templates: {{unc|grc}} Uncertain, {{cog|sa|परशु||axe|tr=paraśú}} Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”), {{cog|os|фӕрӕт||axe}} Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”), {{inh|grc|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{glossary|Wanderwort}} Wanderwort, {{der|grc|akk|𒁄|t=wooden handle; spindle, harp|tr=pilakku, pilaqqu}} Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), {{der|grc|sux|𒁄|t=wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge|tr=balag}} Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”), {{cog|ar|فَلَقَ|t=to split apart}} Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”), {{der|grc|sem}} Semitic, {{der|grc|qsb-grc|-}} Pre-Greek Head templates: {{grc-noun|πέλεκῠς|πελέκεως|m|third}} πέλεκῠς • (pélekŭs) m (genitive πελέκεως); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|πέλεκῠς|πελέκεως|form=M}}, {{grc-decl|πέλεκῠς|πελέκεως|DP=πελέκεσσι(ν)|dial=epi|form=M}} Forms: πέλεκῠς [canonical], pélekŭs [romanization], πελέκεως [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], ὁ πέλεκῠς [nominative, singular], πελέκει [dual, nominative], οἱ πελέκεις [nominative, plural], τοῦ πελέκεως [genitive, singular], πελεκέοιν [dual, genitive], πελέκεων [genitive, plural], τῷ πελέκει [dative, singular], πελεκέοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς πελέκεσῐ [dative, plural], πελέκεσῐν [dative, plural], toîs pelékesĭ [dative, plural], toîs pelékesĭn [dative, plural], τὸν πέλεκῠν [accusative, singular], πελέκει [accusative, dual], τοὺς πελέκεις [accusative, plural], πέλεκῠ [singular, vocative], πελέκει [dual, vocative], πελέκεις [plural, vocative], Epic declension-3 [table-tags], πέλεκῠς [nominative, singular], πελέκει [dual, nominative], πελέκεες [nominative, plural], πελέκεος [genitive, singular], πελεκέοιῐν [dual, genitive], πελέκεων [genitive, plural], πελέκει [dative, singular], πελεκέοιῐν [dative, dual], πελέκεσσι [dative, plural], πελέκεσσιν [dative, plural], pelékessi [dative, plural], pelékessin [dative, plural], πέλεκῠν [accusative, singular], πελέκει [accusative, dual], πελέκεᾰς [accusative, plural], πέλεκῠ [singular, vocative], πελέκει [dual, vocative], πελέκεες [plural, vocative]
  1. two-edged axe for felling trees
    Sense id: en-πέλεκυς-grc-noun-0OmFaWHy Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension: 48 52 Disambiguation of Tools: 56 44
  2. battle axe, executioner's axe
    Sense id: en-πέλεκυς-grc-noun-nuf68ZKO Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension, Weapons Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension: 48 52 Disambiguation of Weapons: 34 66
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ἑξαπέλεκυς (hexapélekus), πελεκάω (pelekáō), πελέκημα (pelékēma), πελέκησις (pelékēsis), πελεκητής (pelekētḗs), πελεκητός (pelekētós), πελεκητρίς (pelekētrís), πελεκήτωρ (pelekḗtōr), πελεκίζω (pelekízō), πελεκῑνοειδής (pelekīnoeidḗs), πελεκῖνος (pelekînos), πελέκιον (pelékion), πελεκισμός (pelekismós), πελεκοφόρος (pelekophóros), πελεκυνάριον (pelekunárion), σφυροπέλεκυς (sphuropélekus)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "hexapélekus",
      "word": "ἑξαπέλεκυς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekáō",
      "word": "πελεκάω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelékēma",
      "word": "πελέκημα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelékēsis",
      "word": "πελέκησις"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekētḗs",
      "word": "πελεκητής"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekētós",
      "word": "πελεκητός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekētrís",
      "word": "πελεκητρίς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekḗtōr",
      "word": "πελεκήτωρ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekízō",
      "word": "πελεκίζω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekīnoeidḗs",
      "word": "πελεκῑνοειδής"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekînos",
      "word": "πελεκῖνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelékion",
      "word": "πελέκιον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekismós",
      "word": "πελεκισμός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekophóros",
      "word": "πελεκοφόρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pelekunárion",
      "word": "πελεκυνάριον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sphuropélekus",
      "word": "σφυροπέλεκυς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "πέλεκυς"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "परशु",
        "3": "",
        "4": "axe",
        "tr": "paraśú"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "фӕрӕт",
        "3": "",
        "4": "axe"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Wanderwort"
      },
      "expansion": "Wanderwort",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "akk",
        "3": "𒁄",
        "t": "wooden handle; spindle, harp",
        "tr": "pilakku, pilaqqu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sux",
        "3": "𒁄",
        "t": "wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge",
        "tr": "balag"
      },
      "expansion": "Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "فَلَقَ",
        "t": "to split apart"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain: Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”), pointing to a late, dialectal Proto-Indo-European word like *peleḱu- which does not appear to be a native formation. This etymon is often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, “axe handle”). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or another Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, “kind of pulse”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pélekŭs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεως",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ πέλεκῠς",
      "roman": "ho pélekŭs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ πελέκεις",
      "roman": "hoi pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ πελέκεως",
      "roman": "toû pelékeōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιν",
      "roman": "pelekéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεων",
      "roman": "pelékeōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ πελέκει",
      "roman": "tôi pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιν",
      "roman": "pelekéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς πελέκεσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs pelékesĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs pelékesĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν πέλεκῠν",
      "roman": "tòn pélekŭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς πελέκεις",
      "roman": "toùs pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠ",
      "roman": "pélekŭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεις",
      "roman": "pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠς",
      "roman": "pélekŭs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεες",
      "roman": "pelékees",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεος",
      "roman": "pelékeos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιῐν",
      "roman": "pelekéoiĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεων",
      "roman": "pelékeōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιῐν",
      "roman": "pelekéoiĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσσι",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσσιν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelékessi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelékessin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠν",
      "roman": "pélekŭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεᾰς",
      "roman": "pelékeăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠ",
      "roman": "pélekŭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεες",
      "roman": "pelékees",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "πέλεκῠς • (pélekŭs) m (genitive πελέκεως); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "DP": "πελέκεσσι(ν)",
        "dial": "epi",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "two-edged axe for felling trees"
      ],
      "id": "en-πέλεκυς-grc-noun-0OmFaWHy",
      "links": [
        [
          "edge",
          "edge"
        ],
        [
          "axe",
          "axe"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Weapons",
          "orig": "grc:Weapons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "battle axe, executioner's axe"
      ],
      "id": "en-πέλεκυς-grc-noun-nuf68ZKO",
      "links": [
        [
          "battle axe",
          "battle axe"
        ],
        [
          "executioner",
          "executioner"
        ],
        [
          "axe",
          "axe"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pé.le.kys/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pé.le.kys/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.kys/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cis/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πέλεκυς"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Akkadian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Semitic languages",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Sumerian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "el:Weapons",
    "grc:Tools",
    "grc:Weapons"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "hexapélekus",
      "word": "ἑξαπέλεκυς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekáō",
      "word": "πελεκάω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelékēma",
      "word": "πελέκημα"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelékēsis",
      "word": "πελέκησις"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekētḗs",
      "word": "πελεκητής"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekētós",
      "word": "πελεκητός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekētrís",
      "word": "πελεκητρίς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekḗtōr",
      "word": "πελεκήτωρ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekízō",
      "word": "πελεκίζω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekīnoeidḗs",
      "word": "πελεκῑνοειδής"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekînos",
      "word": "πελεκῖνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelékion",
      "word": "πελέκιον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekismós",
      "word": "πελεκισμός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekophóros",
      "word": "πελεκοφόρος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pelekunárion",
      "word": "πελεκυνάριον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sphuropélekus",
      "word": "σφυροπέλεκυς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "πέλεκυς"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: πέλεκυς (pélekys)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "परशु",
        "3": "",
        "4": "axe",
        "tr": "paraśú"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "фӕрӕт",
        "3": "",
        "4": "axe"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Wanderwort"
      },
      "expansion": "Wanderwort",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "akk",
        "3": "𒁄",
        "t": "wooden handle; spindle, harp",
        "tr": "pilakku, pilaqqu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sux",
        "3": "𒁄",
        "t": "wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge",
        "tr": "balag"
      },
      "expansion": "Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "فَلَقَ",
        "t": "to split apart"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain: Compare Sanskrit परशु (paraśú, “axe”) and Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”), pointing to a late, dialectal Proto-Indo-European word like *peleḱu- which does not appear to be a native formation. This etymon is often considered a Wanderwort, with similarity to Akkadian 𒁄 (pilakku, pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”), itself from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”) and πέλεκκον (pélekkon, “axe handle”). This has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European terms are ultimately borrowed through the Akkadian or another Semitic source. Furnée points to βέλεκκος (bélekkos, “kind of pulse”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠς",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pélekŭs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεως",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ πέλεκῠς",
      "roman": "ho pélekŭs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ πελέκεις",
      "roman": "hoi pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ πελέκεως",
      "roman": "toû pelékeōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιν",
      "roman": "pelekéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεων",
      "roman": "pelékeōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ πελέκει",
      "roman": "tôi pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιν",
      "roman": "pelekéoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς πελέκεσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs pelékesĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs pelékesĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν πέλεκῠν",
      "roman": "tòn pélekŭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς πελέκεις",
      "roman": "toùs pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠ",
      "roman": "pélekŭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεις",
      "roman": "pelékeis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠς",
      "roman": "pélekŭs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεες",
      "roman": "pelékees",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεος",
      "roman": "pelékeos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιῐν",
      "roman": "pelekéoiĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεων",
      "roman": "pelékeōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελεκέοιῐν",
      "roman": "pelekéoiĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσσι",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεσσιν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelékessi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelékessin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠν",
      "roman": "pélekŭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεᾰς",
      "roman": "pelékeăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πέλεκῠ",
      "roman": "pélekŭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκει",
      "roman": "pelékei",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πελέκεες",
      "roman": "pelékees",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "third"
      },
      "expansion": "πέλεκῠς • (pélekŭs) m (genitive πελέκεως); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πέλεκῠς",
        "2": "πελέκεως",
        "DP": "πελέκεσσι(ν)",
        "dial": "epi",
        "form": "M"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "two-edged axe for felling trees"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "edge",
          "edge"
        ],
        [
          "axe",
          "axe"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "battle axe, executioner's axe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "battle axe",
          "battle axe"
        ],
        [
          "executioner",
          "executioner"
        ],
        [
          "axe",
          "axe"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pé.le.kys/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cis/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pé.le.kys/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.kys/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cys/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.le.cis/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πέλεκυς"
}

Download raw JSONL data for πέλεκυς meaning in Ancient Greek (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.