"κέρας" meaning in Ancient Greek

See κέρας in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ké.ras/, /ˈce.ras/, /ˈce.ras/, /ké.ras/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈke.ras/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈce.ras/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈce.ras/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈce.ras/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From Proto-Hellenic *kérats, probably remodeled from an earlier s-stem *kéras (like κᾰ́ρᾱ (kắrā), κᾰ́ρηνον (kắrēnon), κρᾱνίον (krāníon)), as preserved in e.g. κερασ-φόρος (keras-phóros, “with a horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”); see there for more. An older etymology supposes Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-. Etymology templates: {{inh|grc|grk-pro||*kérats}} Proto-Hellenic *kérats, {{der|grc|ine-pro|*ḱerh₂-||head, top; front of the skull; horn}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”), {{m+|ine-pro||*ḱer-n̥t-}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t- Head templates: {{grc-noun|κέρᾱτος|n|third|gen2=κέρᾰος|gen3=κέρως}} κέρας • (kéras) n (genitive κέρᾱτος or κέρᾰος or κέρως); third declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|κέρᾰς|κέρᾰτος}}, {{grc-decl|κέρᾰς|κέρως|GD=κεροῖν}} Forms: kéras [romanization], κέρᾱτος [genitive], κέρᾰος [genitive], κέρως [genitive], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], τὸ κέρᾰς [nominative, singular], κέρᾰτε [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ [nominative, plural], τοῦ κέρᾰτος [genitive, singular], κερᾰ́τοιν [dual, genitive], κερᾰ́των [genitive, plural], τῷ κέρᾰτῐ [dative, singular], κερᾰ́τοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ [dative, plural], κέρᾰσῐν [dative, plural], toîs kérăsĭ [dative, plural], toîs kérăsĭn [dative, plural], τὸ κέρᾰς [accusative, singular], κέρᾰτε [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ [accusative, plural], κέρᾰς [singular, vocative], κέρᾰτε [dual, vocative], κέρᾰτᾰ [plural, vocative], Attic declension-3 [table-tags], τὸ κέρᾰς [nominative, singular], κέρᾱ [dual, nominative], τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ [nominative, plural], τοῦ κέρως [genitive, singular], κεροῖν [dual, genitive], κερῶν [genitive, plural], τῷ κέραι [dative, singular], κέρᾳ [dative, singular], κεροῖν [dative, dual], τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ [dative, plural], κέρᾰσῐν [dative, plural], toîs kérăsĭ [dative, plural], toîs kérăsĭn [dative, plural], τὸ κέρᾰς [accusative, singular], κέρᾱ [accusative, dual], τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ [accusative, plural], κέρᾰς [singular, vocative], κέρᾱ [dual, vocative], κέρᾱ [plural, vocative]
  1. horn (of an animal)
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-4NMri9HY Categories (other): Anatomy Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24
  2. horn as a material, or anything made of horn, such as a bow.
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-AvdmLM0J Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Anatomy Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 5 31 35 5 5 18 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 2 36 27 2 2 5 6 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 40 28 1 1 3 3 22 Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24
  3. (music) horn (musical instrument)
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-PQ-w6SnO Categories (other): Music, Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Anatomy Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 5 31 35 5 5 18 Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24 Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
  4. arm or branch of a river
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-bfZNA8Gx Categories (other): Anatomy Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24
  5. the side branch (either left or right) of a military array for battle.
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-sp9bU66E Categories (other): Anatomy Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24
  6. (metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool) horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power.
    Sense id: en-κέρας-grc-noun-dNi4rKpc Categories (other): Ancient Greek metonyms, Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension, Anatomy Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 5 31 35 5 5 18 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension: 7 15 26 7 7 38 Disambiguation of Anatomy: 11 14 28 11 11 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: αἰγόκερᾰς (aigókerăs), βούκερᾰς (boúkerăs), κεράτινος (kerátinos), κεράτιον (kerátion), μονόκερως (monókerōs), ῥινόκερως (rhinókerōs)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "aigókerăs",
      "word": "αἰγόκερᾰς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "boúkerăs",
      "word": "βούκερᾰς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kerátinos",
      "word": "κεράτινος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kerátion",
      "word": "κεράτιον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "monókerōs",
      "word": "μονόκερως"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rhinókerōs",
      "word": "ῥινόκερως"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "grk-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*kérats"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *kérats",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱerh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "head, top; front of the skull; horn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ḱer-n̥t-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *kérats, probably remodeled from an earlier s-stem *kéras (like κᾰ́ρᾱ (kắrā), κᾰ́ρηνον (kắrēnon), κρᾱνίον (krāníon)), as preserved in e.g. κερασ-φόρος (keras-phóros, “with a horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”); see there for more. An older etymology supposes Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kéras",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱτος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρως",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ κέρᾰτος",
      "roman": "toû kérătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́τοιν",
      "roman": "kerắtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́των",
      "roman": "kerắtōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ κέρᾰτῐ",
      "roman": "tôi kérătĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́τοιν",
      "roman": "kerắtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "tằ kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ κέρως",
      "roman": "toû kérōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κεροῖν",
      "roman": "keroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερῶν",
      "roman": "kerôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ κέραι",
      "roman": "tôi kérai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾳ",
      "roman": "kérāi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κεροῖν",
      "roman": "keroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "tằ kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾱτος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "gen2": "κέρᾰος",
        "gen3": "κέρως"
      },
      "expansion": "κέρας • (kéras) n (genitive κέρᾱτος or κέρᾰος or κέρως); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾰς",
        "2": "κέρᾰτος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾰς",
        "2": "κέρως",
        "GD": "κεροῖν"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn (of an animal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-4NMri9HY",
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 31 35 5 5 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 36 27 2 2 5 6 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 40 28 1 1 3 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn as a material, or anything made of horn, such as a bow."
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-AvdmLM0J",
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "grc:Music",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 31 35 5 5 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn (musical instrument)"
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-PQ-w6SnO",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) horn (musical instrument)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arm or branch of a river"
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-bfZNA8Gx",
      "links": [
        [
          "arm",
          "arm"
        ],
        [
          "branch",
          "branch"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the side branch (either left or right) of a military array for battle."
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-sp9bU66E"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek metonyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 31 35 5 5 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 15 26 7 7 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 28 11 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "grc:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power."
      ],
      "id": "en-κέρας-grc-noun-dNi4rKpc",
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "horn of a powerful animal as a tool",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool) horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ké.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ké.ras/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈke.ras/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "κέρας"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
    "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Anatomy"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "aigókerăs",
      "word": "αἰγόκερᾰς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "boúkerăs",
      "word": "βούκερᾰς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kerátinos",
      "word": "κεράτινος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kerátion",
      "word": "κεράτιον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "monókerōs",
      "word": "μονόκερως"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rhinókerōs",
      "word": "ῥινόκερως"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "grk-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*kérats"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *kérats",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱerh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "head, top; front of the skull; horn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ḱer-n̥t-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *kérats, probably remodeled from an earlier s-stem *kéras (like κᾰ́ρᾱ (kắrā), κᾰ́ρηνον (kắrēnon), κρᾱνίον (krāníon)), as preserved in e.g. κερασ-φόρος (keras-phóros, “with a horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”); see there for more. An older etymology supposes Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kéras",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱτος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰος",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρως",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ κέρᾰτος",
      "roman": "toû kérătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́τοιν",
      "roman": "kerắtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́των",
      "roman": "kerắtōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ κέρᾰτῐ",
      "roman": "tôi kérătĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερᾰ́τοιν",
      "roman": "kerắtoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "tằ kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτε",
      "roman": "kérăte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰτᾰ",
      "roman": "kérătă",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-3",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Third declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "tằ kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ κέρως",
      "roman": "toû kérōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κεροῖν",
      "roman": "keroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κερῶν",
      "roman": "kerôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ κέραι",
      "roman": "tôi kérai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾳ",
      "roman": "kérāi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κεροῖν",
      "roman": "keroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς κέρᾰσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toîs kérăsĭn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸ κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "tò kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾰ̀ κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "tằ kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾰς",
      "roman": "kérăs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "κέρᾱ",
      "roman": "kérā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾱτος",
        "2": "n",
        "3": "third",
        "gen2": "κέρᾰος",
        "gen3": "κέρως"
      },
      "expansion": "κέρας • (kéras) n (genitive κέρᾱτος or κέρᾰος or κέρως); third declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾰς",
        "2": "κέρᾰτος"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "κέρᾰς",
        "2": "κέρως",
        "GD": "κεροῖν"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "horn (of an animal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "horn as a material, or anything made of horn, such as a bow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "grc:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn (musical instrument)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) horn (musical instrument)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "arm or branch of a river"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arm",
          "arm"
        ],
        [
          "branch",
          "branch"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the side branch (either left or right) of a military array for battle."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek metonyms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "horn of a powerful animal as a tool",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool) horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ké.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ké.ras/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈke.ras/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈce.ras/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "κέρας"
}

Download raw JSONL data for κέρας meaning in Ancient Greek (8.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool",
  "path": [
    "κέρας"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "κέρας",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool",
  "path": [
    "κέρας"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "κέρας",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.