"zdzierżyć" meaning in All languages combined

See zdzierżyć on Wiktionary

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/, /ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɛrʐɨt͡ɕ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć. By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć. Compare Czech zdržet, Kashubian zdzerżëc, Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|zdzierżeć|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish zdzierżeć, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|zdzierżeć}} Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć, {{surf|pl|z-|dzierżyć}} By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć, {{cog|cs|zdržet}} Czech zdržet, {{cog|csb|zdzerżëc}} Kashubian zdzerżëc, {{cog|ru|издержа́ть}} Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ) Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=zdzierżać}} zdzierżyć pf (imperfective zdzierżać) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ap-yć|zdzierż|pp}}, {{pl-conj-ap|zdzierżyć|zdzierżę|zdzierży|zdzierżą|zdzierży|zdzierży|zdzierży|zdzierż|ap=zdzierżywszy|ip=zdzierżono|pp=zdzierżon|pp2=zdzierżeni|vn=zdzierżenie}} Forms: zdzierżać [imperfective], perfective [table-tags], zdzierżyć [infinitive], zdzierżę [future, singular], zdzierżymy [future, plural], zdzierżysz [future, singular], zdzierżycie [future, plural], zdzierży [future, singular, third-person], zdzierżą [future, plural, third-person], zdzierży się [future, impersonal], zdzierżyłem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m zdzierżył [masculine, past, singular], zdzierżyłam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m zdzierżyła [feminine, past, singular], zdzierżyłom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m zdzierżyło [neuter, past, singular], zdzierżyliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy zdzierżyli [past, plural, virile], zdzierżyłyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy zdzierżyły [nonvirile, past, plural], zdzierżyłeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdzierżył [masculine, past, singular], zdzierżyłaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdzierżyła [feminine, past, singular], zdzierżyłoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś zdzierżyło [neuter, past, singular], zdzierżyliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście zdzierżyli [past, plural, virile], zdzierżyłyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście zdzierżyły [nonvirile, past, plural], zdzierżył [masculine, past, singular, third-person], zdzierżyła [feminine, past, singular, third-person], zdzierżyło [neuter, past, singular, third-person], zdzierżyli [past, plural, third-person, virile], zdzierżyły [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], zdzierżono [impersonal, past], zdzierżyłbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym zdzierżył [conditional, masculine, singular], zdzierżyłabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym zdzierżyła [conditional, feminine, singular], zdzierżyłobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym zdzierżyło [conditional, neuter, singular], zdzierżylibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy zdzierżyli [conditional, plural, virile], zdzierżyłybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy zdzierżyły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdzierżyłbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś zdzierżył [conditional, masculine, singular], zdzierżyłabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś zdzierżyła [conditional, feminine, singular], zdzierżyłobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś zdzierżyło [conditional, neuter, singular], zdzierżylibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście zdzierżyli [conditional, plural, virile], zdzierżyłybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście zdzierżyły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdzierżyłby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by zdzierżył [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], zdzierżyłaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by zdzierżyła [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], zdzierżyłoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by zdzierżyło [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], zdzierżyliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by zdzierżyli [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], zdzierżyłyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by zdzierżyły [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], zdzierżono by [conditional, impersonal], niech zdzierżę [imperative, singular], zdzierżmy [imperative, plural], zdzierż [imperative, singular], zdzierżcie [imperative, plural], niech zdzierży [imperative, singular, third-person], niech zdzierżą [imperative, plural, third-person], zdzierżony [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], zdzierżona [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], zdzierżone [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], zdzierżeni [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], zdzierżone [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], zdzierżywszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], zdzierżenie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive, archaic or literary) to resist, to hold out, to withstand Tags: archaic, literary, perfective, transitive Synonyms: oprzeć, wytrzymać
    Sense id: en-zdzierżyć-pl-verb-7iYZk5RF Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 69 31 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 69 31
  2. (transitive, obsolete) to maintain, to keep Tags: obsolete, perfective, transitive Synonyms: utrzymać
    Sense id: en-zdzierżyć-pl-verb-T~ilzfXd
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: zdzierżeć [obsolete]

Download JSON data for zdzierżyć meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zdzierżeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zdzierżeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zdzierżeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "dzierżyć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "zdržet"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech zdržet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "zdzerżëc"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian zdzerżëc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "издержа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć. By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć. Compare Czech zdržet, Kashubian zdzerżëc, Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdzierżać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-yć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżymy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżysz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżycie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierży",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierży się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżylibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżylibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżono by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierżę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierż",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierży",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierżą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżony",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżona",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżeni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżywszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżenie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdzierżać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdzierżyć pf (imperfective zdzierżać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdzier‧żyć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdzierż",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-yć"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdzierżyć",
        "2": "zdzierżę",
        "3": "zdzierży",
        "4": "zdzierżą",
        "5": "zdzierży",
        "6": "zdzierży",
        "7": "zdzierży",
        "8": "zdzierż",
        "ap": "zdzierżywszy",
        "ip": "zdzierżono",
        "pp": "zdzierżon",
        "pp2": "zdzierżeni",
        "vn": "zdzierżenie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to resist, to hold out, to withstand"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdzierżyć-pl-verb-7iYZk5RF",
      "links": [
        [
          "resist",
          "resist"
        ],
        [
          "hold out",
          "hold out"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, archaic or literary) to resist, to hold out, to withstand"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oprzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "wytrzymać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "literary",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to maintain, to keep"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdzierżyć-pl-verb-T~ilzfXd",
      "links": [
        [
          "maintain",
          "maintain"
        ],
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) to maintain, to keep"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "utrzymać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrʐɨt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zdzierżeć"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdzierżyć"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛrʐɨt͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛrʐɨt͡ɕ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zdzierżeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zdzierżeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zdzierżeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "dzierżyć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "zdržet"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech zdržet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "zdzerżëc"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian zdzerżëc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "издержа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zdzierżeć. By surface analysis, z- + dzierżyć. Compare Czech zdržet, Kashubian zdzerżëc, Russian издержа́ть (izderžátʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdzierżać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-yć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżymy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżysz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżycie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierży",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierży się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżylibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżylibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżył",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżyłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdzierżyły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżono by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierżę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierż",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierży",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdzierżą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżony",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżona",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżeni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżywszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdzierżenie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdzierżać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdzierżyć pf (imperfective zdzierżać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdzier‧żyć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdzierż",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-yć"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdzierżyć",
        "2": "zdzierżę",
        "3": "zdzierży",
        "4": "zdzierżą",
        "5": "zdzierży",
        "6": "zdzierży",
        "7": "zdzierży",
        "8": "zdzierż",
        "ap": "zdzierżywszy",
        "ip": "zdzierżono",
        "pp": "zdzierżon",
        "pp2": "zdzierżeni",
        "vn": "zdzierżenie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish literary terms",
        "Polish terms with archaic senses",
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to resist, to hold out, to withstand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "resist",
          "resist"
        ],
        [
          "hold out",
          "hold out"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, archaic or literary) to resist, to hold out, to withstand"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oprzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "wytrzymać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "literary",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses",
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to maintain, to keep"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "maintain",
          "maintain"
        ],
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) to maintain, to keep"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "utrzymać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzd͡ʑɛr.ʐɨt͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrʐɨt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "zdzierżeć"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdzierżyć"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.