See zaciemniać on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zaciemnić",
"3": "-ać"
},
"expansion": "zaciemnić + -ać",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "the 16th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 16th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “zaciemniać”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From zaciemnić + -ać. First attested in the 16th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaciemnić",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnia się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemnia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemniają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnianie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zaciemnić"
},
"expansion": "zaciemniać impf (perfective zaciemnić)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"za‧ciem‧niać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zaciemnia",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zaciemniać",
"2": "zaciemniam",
"3": "zaciemnia",
"4": "zaciemniają",
"5": "zaciemnia",
"6": "zaciemnia",
"7": "zaciemnia",
"8": "zaciemniaj",
"ip": "zaciemniano",
"pp": "zaciemnian",
"pp2": "zaciemniani",
"vn": "zaciemnianie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zaciemnienie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 22 10 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 10 25 5 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 21 8 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 22 7 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dim (to cause something, e.g. a lamp, to give off less light)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-X3MOsEG7",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"dim",
"dim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to dim (to cause something, e.g. a lamp, to give off less light) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zasłaniać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 22 10 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 10 25 5 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 21 8 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 22 7 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to darken, to obfuscate (to block light from entering e.g. a room)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-rRGrm4nh",
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
],
[
"obfuscate",
"obfuscate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken, to obfuscate (to block light from entering e.g. a room)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 22 10 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 10 25 5 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 21 8 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 22 7 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to darken (to cause to take a darker color)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-k8r2Enu8",
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken (to cause to take a darker color)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "naświetlać"
},
{
"word": "rozświetlać"
},
{
"word": "wyjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to darken, to obfuscate (to cause to be less clear or understandable)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-~vEyb-r-",
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
],
[
"obfuscate",
"obfuscate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken, to obfuscate (to cause to be less clear or understandable)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 22 10 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 10 25 5 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 21 8 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 22 7 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to muddy (to cause someone to stop thinking rationally)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-SktjhLHY",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<whom, whose thinking>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘whom, whose thinking’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘whom",
"whose",
"thinking’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"muddy",
"muddy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to muddy (to cause someone to stop thinking rationally) [with dative ‘whom, whose thinking’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mącić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać się"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 22 10 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 10 25 5 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 21 8 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 22 7 24 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to darken (to take on a darker color)"
],
"id": "en-zaciemniać-pl-verb-7laceu4b",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to darken (to take on a darker color)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemnieć"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zaˈt͡ɕɛm.ɲat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zaˈt͡ɕɛm.ɲat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmɲat͡ɕ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"word": "zatcimiać"
}
],
"word": "zaciemniać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛmɲat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛmɲat͡ɕ/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zaciemnić",
"3": "-ać"
},
"expansion": "zaciemnić + -ać",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "the 16th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "16th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 16th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2010-2023) “zaciemniać”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From zaciemnić + -ać. First attested in the 16th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zaciemnić",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnia się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zaciemniać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zaciemniać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnialiby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zaciemniały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemniam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemnia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zaciemniają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemniając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zaciemnianie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zaciemnić"
},
"expansion": "zaciemniać impf (perfective zaciemnić)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"za‧ciem‧niać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zaciemnia",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zaciemniać",
"2": "zaciemniam",
"3": "zaciemnia",
"4": "zaciemniają",
"5": "zaciemnia",
"6": "zaciemnia",
"7": "zaciemnia",
"8": "zaciemniaj",
"ip": "zaciemniano",
"pp": "zaciemnian",
"pp2": "zaciemniani",
"vn": "zaciemnianie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "zaciemnienie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to dim (to cause something, e.g. a lamp, to give off less light)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"dim",
"dim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to dim (to cause something, e.g. a lamp, to give off less light) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zasłaniać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to darken, to obfuscate (to block light from entering e.g. a room)"
],
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
],
[
"obfuscate",
"obfuscate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken, to obfuscate (to block light from entering e.g. a room)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to darken (to cause to take a darker color)"
],
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken (to cause to take a darker color)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "naświetlać"
},
{
"word": "rozświetlać"
},
{
"word": "wyjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to darken, to obfuscate (to cause to be less clear or understandable)"
],
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
],
[
"obfuscate",
"obfuscate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to darken, to obfuscate (to cause to be less clear or understandable)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to muddy (to cause someone to stop thinking rationally)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<whom, whose thinking>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘whom, whose thinking’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘whom",
"whose",
"thinking’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"muddy",
"muddy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to muddy (to cause someone to stop thinking rationally) [with dative ‘whom, whose thinking’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mącić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rozjaśniać się"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to darken (to take on a darker color)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to darken (to take on a darker color)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemnieć"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zaˈt͡ɕɛm.ɲat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zaˈt͡ɕɛm.ɲat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmɲat͡ɕ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"word": "zatcimiać"
}
],
"word": "zaciemniać"
}
Download raw JSONL data for zaciemniać meaning in All languages combined (16.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.