See wīz on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wīz meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wiʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wiʀ\nOld English: wē, wœ̄; wæ; ƿē\nMiddle English: we, whe, ve, woe, wue, weo, wæ, vue, hwe, huue\nEnglish: we\nJamaican Creole: wi\nSranan Tongo: wi\nScots: we, wee, wa\nYola: wough, wu, wee, we, w'\nOld Frisian: wī\nNorth Frisian: wi, wü\nSaterland Frisian: wie\nWest Frisian: wy\nOld Saxon: wī\nMiddle Low German: wî, wy\nDutch Low Saxon: wi\nGerman Low German: wi, wî\nPlautdietsch: wie\nOld Dutch: wī\nMiddle Dutch: wi\nDutch: wij\nOld High German: wir\nMiddle High German: wir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: biar, bar\nMòcheno: biar\nGerman: wir\n⇒ Middle High German: mir\nAlemannic German: mir, mier\nBavarian: mia\nGerman: mir (dialectal)\nHunsrik: meer\nLuxembourgish: mir, mer\nPennsylvania German: mer\nYiddish: מיר (mir)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wiʀ\nOld English: wē, wœ̄; wæ; ƿē\nMiddle English: we, whe, ve, woe, wue, weo, wæ, vue, hwe, huue\nEnglish: we\nJamaican Creole: wi\nSranan Tongo: wi\nScots: we, wee, wa\nYola: wough, wu, wee, we, w'\nOld Frisian: wī\nNorth Frisian: wi, wü\nSaterland Frisian: wie\nWest Frisian: wy\nOld Saxon: wī\nMiddle Low German: wî, wy\nDutch Low Saxon: wi\nGerman Low German: wi, wî\nPlautdietsch: wie\nOld Dutch: wī\nMiddle Dutch: wi\nDutch: wij\nOld High German: wir\nMiddle High German: wir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: biar, bar\nMòcheno: biar\nGerman: wir\n⇒ Middle High German: mir\nAlemannic German: mir, mier\nBavarian: mia\nGerman: mir (dialectal)\nHunsrik: meer\nLuxembourgish: mir, mer\nPennsylvania German: mer\nYiddish: מיר (mir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚹᛁᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚹᛁᛉ (*wiʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚹᛁᛉ (*wiʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-own",
"2": "vér"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse: vér, vær, mér; *wīʀ\nIcelandic: vér, vær\nFaroese: vær\nNorwegian Nynorsk: me (< mér < erum vér)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old West Norse: vér, vær, mér; *wīʀ\nIcelandic: vér, vær\nFaroese: vær\nNorwegian Nynorsk: me (< mér < erum vér)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*wīʀ",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse: *wīʀ\nElfdalian: wįr\nOld Swedish: vīr, vī, ᚠᛁᚱ\nSwedish: vi\n→ Norwegian: vi\nOld Danish: wii, wi\nDanish: vi\nNorwegian Bokmål: vi\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: vi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Norse: *wīʀ\nElfdalian: wįr\nOld Swedish: vīr, vī, ᚠᛁᚱ\nSwedish: vi\n→ Norwegian: vi\nOld Danish: wii, wi\nDanish: vi\nNorwegian Bokmål: vi\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: vi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-ogt",
"2": "wir"
},
"expansion": "Old Gutnish: wir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gutnish: wir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "výr"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: výr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: výr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wéy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéy",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*éǵh₂"
},
"expansion": "*éǵh₂",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-ppron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ek (unstr. *ik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mek (unstr. *mik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þek (unstr. *þik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "miz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wet (unstr. *wit)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkeraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkweraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "wīz (unstr. *wiz)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jūz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unsiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unseraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izweraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-ppron"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīz",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"we"
],
"id": "en-wīz-gem-pro-pron-3HyBG5Vh",
"links": [
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wiːz/"
}
],
"word": "wīz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wiʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wiʀ\nOld English: wē, wœ̄; wæ; ƿē\nMiddle English: we, whe, ve, woe, wue, weo, wæ, vue, hwe, huue\nEnglish: we\nJamaican Creole: wi\nSranan Tongo: wi\nScots: we, wee, wa\nYola: wough, wu, wee, we, w'\nOld Frisian: wī\nNorth Frisian: wi, wü\nSaterland Frisian: wie\nWest Frisian: wy\nOld Saxon: wī\nMiddle Low German: wî, wy\nDutch Low Saxon: wi\nGerman Low German: wi, wî\nPlautdietsch: wie\nOld Dutch: wī\nMiddle Dutch: wi\nDutch: wij\nOld High German: wir\nMiddle High German: wir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: biar, bar\nMòcheno: biar\nGerman: wir\n⇒ Middle High German: mir\nAlemannic German: mir, mier\nBavarian: mia\nGerman: mir (dialectal)\nHunsrik: meer\nLuxembourgish: mir, mer\nPennsylvania German: mer\nYiddish: מיר (mir)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wiʀ\nOld English: wē, wœ̄; wæ; ƿē\nMiddle English: we, whe, ve, woe, wue, weo, wæ, vue, hwe, huue\nEnglish: we\nJamaican Creole: wi\nSranan Tongo: wi\nScots: we, wee, wa\nYola: wough, wu, wee, we, w'\nOld Frisian: wī\nNorth Frisian: wi, wü\nSaterland Frisian: wie\nWest Frisian: wy\nOld Saxon: wī\nMiddle Low German: wî, wy\nDutch Low Saxon: wi\nGerman Low German: wi, wî\nPlautdietsch: wie\nOld Dutch: wī\nMiddle Dutch: wi\nDutch: wij\nOld High German: wir\nMiddle High German: wir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: biar, bar\nMòcheno: biar\nGerman: wir\n⇒ Middle High German: mir\nAlemannic German: mir, mier\nBavarian: mia\nGerman: mir (dialectal)\nHunsrik: meer\nLuxembourgish: mir, mer\nPennsylvania German: mer\nYiddish: מיר (mir)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚹᛁᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚹᛁᛉ (*wiʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚹᛁᛉ (*wiʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-own",
"2": "vér"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse: vér, vær, mér; *wīʀ\nIcelandic: vér, vær\nFaroese: vær\nNorwegian Nynorsk: me (< mér < erum vér)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old West Norse: vér, vær, mér; *wīʀ\nIcelandic: vér, vær\nFaroese: vær\nNorwegian Nynorsk: me (< mér < erum vér)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*wīʀ",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse: *wīʀ\nElfdalian: wįr\nOld Swedish: vīr, vī, ᚠᛁᚱ\nSwedish: vi\n→ Norwegian: vi\nOld Danish: wii, wi\nDanish: vi\nNorwegian Bokmål: vi\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: vi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Norse: *wīʀ\nElfdalian: wįr\nOld Swedish: vīr, vī, ᚠᛁᚱ\nSwedish: vi\n→ Norwegian: vi\nOld Danish: wii, wi\nDanish: vi\nNorwegian Bokmål: vi\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: vi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-ogt",
"2": "wir"
},
"expansion": "Old Gutnish: wir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gutnish: wir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "výr"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: výr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: výr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (weis)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wéy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéy",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*éǵh₂"
},
"expansion": "*éǵh₂",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-ppron",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ek (unstr. *ik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mek (unstr. *mik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þek (unstr. *þik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "miz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wet (unstr. *wit)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkeraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkweraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "wīz (unstr. *wiz)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jūz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "*se-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sek (unstr. *sik)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unsiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"instrumental",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unseraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "izweraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-ppron"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīz",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic personal pronouns",
"Proto-Germanic pronouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"we"
],
"links": [
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wiːz/"
}
],
"word": "wīz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.