"utwardzić" meaning in All languages combined

See utwardzić on Wiktionary

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /uˈtfar.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -ard͡ʑit͡ɕ Etymology: From u- + twardy + -ić. Etymology templates: {{af|pl|u-|twardy|-ić}} u- + twardy + -ić Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=utwardzać}} utwardzić pf (imperfective utwardzać) Forms: utwardzać [imperfective], no-table-tags [table-tags], utwardzić [infinitive], utwardzę [future, singular], utwardzimy [future, plural], utwardzisz [future, singular], utwardzicie [future, plural], utwardzi [future, singular, third-person], utwardzą [future, plural, third-person], utwardzi się [future, impersonal], utwardziłem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m utwardził [masculine, past, singular], utwardziłam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m utwardziła [feminine, past, singular], utwardziłom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m utwardziło [neuter, past, singular], utwardziliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy utwardzili [past, plural, virile], utwardziłyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy utwardziły [nonvirile, past, plural], utwardziłeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś utwardził [masculine, past, singular], utwardziłaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś utwardziła [feminine, past, singular], utwardziłoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś utwardziło [neuter, past, singular], utwardziliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście utwardzili [past, plural, virile], utwardziłyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście utwardziły [nonvirile, past, plural], utwardził [masculine, past, singular, third-person], utwardziła [feminine, past, singular, third-person], utwardziło [neuter, past, singular, third-person], utwardzili [past, plural, third-person, virile], utwardziły [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], utwardzono [impersonal, past], utwardziłbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym utwardził [conditional, masculine, singular], utwardziłabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym utwardziła [conditional, feminine, singular], utwardziłobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym utwardziło [conditional, neuter, singular], utwardzilibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy utwardzili [conditional, plural, virile], utwardziłybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy utwardziły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], utwardziłbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś utwardził [conditional, masculine, singular], utwardziłabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś utwardziła [conditional, feminine, singular], utwardziłobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś utwardziło [conditional, neuter, singular], utwardzilibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście utwardzili [conditional, plural, virile], utwardziłybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście utwardziły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], utwardziłby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by utwardził [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], utwardziłaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by utwardziła [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], utwardziłoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by utwardziło [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], utwardziliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by utwardzili [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], utwardziłyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by utwardziły [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], utwardzono by [conditional, impersonal], niech utwardzę [imperative, singular], utwardźmy [imperative, plural], utwardź [imperative, singular], utwardźcie [imperative, plural], niech utwardzi [imperative, singular, third-person], niech utwardzą [imperative, plural, third-person], utwardzony [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], utwardzona [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], utwardzone [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], utwardzeni [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], utwardzone [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], utwardziwszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], utwardzenie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive) to harden; to indurate; to make hard Tags: perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-utwardzić-pl-verb-otB7cHqn Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 30 32 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 31 36 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 37 22 42
  2. (transitive) to stiffen; to make stiff Tags: perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-utwardzić-pl-verb-UcRN2SyU Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 30 32 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 31 36 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 37 22 42
  3. (reflexive with się) to get hardened Tags: perfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-utwardzić-pl-verb-DAhefosY Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with u-, Polish terms suffixed with -ić Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 30 32 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 31 36 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 37 22 42 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with u-: 31 29 40 Disambiguation of Polish terms suffixed with -ić: 31 29 40
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: twardy

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "u-",
        "3": "twardy",
        "4": "-ić"
      },
      "expansion": "u- + twardy + -ić",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From u- + twardy + -ić.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "utwardzać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzić",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzimy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzisz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzicie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzi się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzilibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzilibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzono by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardźmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardź",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardźcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzony",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzona",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzeni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziwszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzenie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "utwardzać"
      },
      "expansion": "utwardzić pf (imperfective utwardzać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "u‧twar‧dzić"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "twardy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zmiękczyć"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 31 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 22 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to harden; to indurate; to make hard"
      ],
      "id": "en-utwardzić-pl-verb-otB7cHqn",
      "links": [
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ],
        [
          "indurate",
          "indurate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to harden; to indurate; to make hard"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 31 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 22 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stiffen; to make stiff"
      ],
      "id": "en-utwardzić-pl-verb-UcRN2SyU",
      "links": [
        [
          "stiffen",
          "stiffen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to stiffen; to make stiff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 31 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 22 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 29 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with u-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 29 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ić",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to get hardened"
      ],
      "id": "en-utwardzić-pl-verb-DAhefosY",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to get hardened"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uˈtfar.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ard͡ʑit͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "utwardzić"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 3-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms prefixed with u-",
    "Polish terms suffixed with -ić",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ard͡ʑit͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ard͡ʑit͡ɕ/3 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "u-",
        "3": "twardy",
        "4": "-ić"
      },
      "expansion": "u- + twardy + -ić",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From u- + twardy + -ić.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "utwardzać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzić",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzimy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzisz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzicie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzi się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzilibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzilibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardził",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardzili",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by utwardziły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzono by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardźmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardź",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardźcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech utwardzą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzony",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzona",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzeni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzone",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardziwszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utwardzenie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "utwardzać"
      },
      "expansion": "utwardzić pf (imperfective utwardzać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "u‧twar‧dzić"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "twardy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zmiękczyć"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to harden; to indurate; to make hard"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ],
        [
          "indurate",
          "indurate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to harden; to indurate; to make hard"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stiffen; to make stiff"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stiffen",
          "stiffen"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to stiffen; to make stiff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to get hardened"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to get hardened"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uˈtfar.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ard͡ʑit͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "utwardzić"
}

Download raw JSONL data for utwardzić meaning in All languages combined (9.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.