"twingan" meaning in All languages combined

See twingan on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *twinganą. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*twinganą}} Proto-Germanic *twinganą Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|verb}} *twingan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-st}} Forms: strong [table-tags], twingan [infinitive], twingannjas [genitive, infinitive], twingannjē [dative, infinitive], twingannju [infinitive, instrumental], twingu [first-person, present, singular], twang [first-person, past, singular], twingiʀi [present, second-person, singular], twungī [past, second-person, singular], twingidi [present, singular, third-person], twang [past, singular, third-person], twingum [first-person, plural, present], twungum [first-person, past, plural], twingid [plural, present, second-person], twungud [past, plural, second-person], twingand [plural, present, third-person], twungun [past, plural, third-person], twingē [first-person, present, singular], twungī [first-person, past, singular], twingēs [present, second-person, singular], twingē [present, singular, third-person], twungī [past, singular, third-person], twingēm [first-person, plural, present], twungīm [first-person, past, plural], twingēþ [plural, present, second-person], twungīd [past, plural, second-person], twingēn [plural, present, third-person], twungīn [past, plural, third-person], twing [present, singular], twingid [plural, present], twingandī [participle, present], twungan [participle, past]
  1. to press Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-twingan-gmw-pro-verb-mQkD5~LJ Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
  2. to squeeze Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-twingan-gmw-pro-verb-iQhnZRH4 Categories (other): Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: twangijan, þwangi

Download JSON data for twingan meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "twingan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: twingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: twingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "twingen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: twingen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: twingen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*twingan",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Dutch: *twingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Dutch: *twingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "twingen",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle Dutch: twingen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "twengen"
          },
          "expansion": "twengen",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "might reflect the causative twengen instead"
          },
          "expansion": "(might reflect the causative twengen instead)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle Dutch: twingen (might reflect the causative twengen instead)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*zwingan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *zwingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *zwingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "zwingen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: zwingen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: zwingen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "zwingen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: zwingen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*þwinhaną"
          },
          "expansion": "*þwinhaną",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną"
          },
          "expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: zwingen (likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*twinganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twinganą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twinganą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twang",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingiʀi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twang",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingand",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twing",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*twingan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/twingan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "twangijan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "þwangi"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to press"
      ],
      "id": "en-twingan-gmw-pro-verb-mQkD5~LJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "press",
          "press"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to squeeze"
      ],
      "id": "en-twingan-gmw-pro-verb-iQhnZRH4",
      "links": [
        [
          "squeeze",
          "squeeze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "twingan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-West Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "twingan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: twingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: twingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "twingen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: twingen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: twingen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*twingan",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Dutch: *twingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Dutch: *twingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "twingen",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle Dutch: twingen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "twengen"
          },
          "expansion": "twengen",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "might reflect the causative twengen instead"
          },
          "expansion": "(might reflect the causative twengen instead)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle Dutch: twingen (might reflect the causative twengen instead)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*zwingan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *zwingan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *zwingan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "zwingen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: zwingen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: zwingen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "zwingen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: zwingen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*þwinhaną"
          },
          "expansion": "*þwinhaną",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną"
          },
          "expansion": "(likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: zwingen (likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*twinganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twinganą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twinganą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twang",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingiʀi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twang",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingand",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twing",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twingandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twungan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*twingan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/twingan",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "twangijan"
    },
    {
      "word": "þwangi"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to press"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "press",
          "press"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to squeeze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "squeeze",
          "squeeze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "twingan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.