See turbulare on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "turbur",
"alt": "turbur, turburari"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: turbur, turburari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: turbur, turburari"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "tulbura",
"alt": "tulbura, tulburare"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: tulbura, tulburare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: tulbura, tulburare"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "trubulloj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: trubulloj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: trubulloj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "trebolar"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: trebolar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: trebolar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "trobler",
"3": "trubler",
"4": "torbler"
},
"expansion": "Old French: trobler, trubler, torbler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: trobler, trubler, torbler"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "troubler"
},
"expansion": "French: troubler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: troubler"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trouble",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: trouble",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: trouble"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From turbō or from turbula (“disorderly group, little crowd”), diminutive of turba; another possibility is derivation from a root *turbulus, itself from turbidus and perhaps influenced by turbulentus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turbulāre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "reconstructed verb",
"head": "*turbulāre"
},
"expansion": "*turbulāre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "PR"
},
"expansion": "(Proto-Romance)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/turbulare",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Romance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to disrupt, to perturb"
],
"id": "en-turbulare-la-verb-rOCbUkuD",
"links": [
[
"disrupt",
"disrupt"
],
[
"perturb",
"perturb"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "turbulus"
}
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Romance",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʊrbʊˈlare/"
}
],
"word": "turbulare"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "turbur",
"alt": "turbur, turburari"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: turbur, turburari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: turbur, turburari"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "tulbura",
"alt": "tulbura, tulburare"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: tulbura, tulburare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: tulbura, tulburare"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "trubulloj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: trubulloj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: trubulloj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "trebolar"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: trebolar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: trebolar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "trobler",
"3": "trubler",
"4": "torbler"
},
"expansion": "Old French: trobler, trubler, torbler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: trobler, trubler, torbler"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "troubler"
},
"expansion": "French: troubler",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: troubler"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trouble",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: trouble",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: trouble"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From turbō or from turbula (“disorderly group, little crowd”), diminutive of turba; another possibility is derivation from a root *turbulus, itself from turbidus and perhaps influenced by turbulentus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turbulāre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "reconstructed verb",
"head": "*turbulāre"
},
"expansion": "*turbulāre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "PR"
},
"expansion": "(Proto-Romance)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/turbulare",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "turbulus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin reconstructed verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Romance"
],
"glosses": [
"to disrupt, to perturb"
],
"links": [
[
"disrupt",
"disrupt"
],
[
"perturb",
"perturb"
]
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Romance",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʊrbʊˈlare/"
}
],
"word": "turbulare"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turbulare meaning in All languages combined (2.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.