See tungeti on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tungeti meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "toeaff",
"3": "touet"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: toeaff, touet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: toeaff, touet"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "toued"
},
"expansion": "Breton: toued",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: toued"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ty"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: ty",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: ty"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "tyngu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: tyngu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: tyngu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tyngu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tyngu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tyngu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "tongaid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: tongaid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: tongaid"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "toncsiiontio",
"pos": "3p.fut.rel.",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Gaulish: toncsiiontio (3p.fut.rel.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Gaulish: toncsiiontio (3p.fut.rel.)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*teh₂g-",
"id": "touch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂lewgʰ-",
"t": "to announce"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ- (“to announce”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "toncsiiontio"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish toncsiiontio",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*th₂négti",
"4": "",
"5": "to touch, grasp; to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *th₂négti (“to touch, grasp; to take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tangō",
"3": "",
"4": "(I) touch"
},
"expansion": "Latin tangō (“(I) touch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þakwōną",
"3": "*þakkōną",
"4": "to touch lightly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þakkōną (“to touch lightly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τεταγών",
"3": "",
"4": "having seized",
"pos": "ptcp."
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”, ptcp.)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A verb infamous for its complicated origin. There are two major theories on its origin:\n* A modern theory derives the verb from a suppletive conflation of a nasal-infix present *lungeti from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ- (“to announce”) and a preterite derived from *tek- (“to reach out, receive with one's hands”). The initial t- outside the present would thus come from analogy with the preterite. This theory dismisses a connection with Gaulish toncsiiontio.\n* An older, more traditional theory supposed descent from Proto-Indo-European *th₂négti (“to touch, grasp; to take”), ne-infixed verb from the root *teh₂g- (“to touch; to take”), with semantic divergence (i.e. to “take (an oath)”); compare Latin tangō (“(I) touch”), especially in the figurative meanings “affect; enchant”, Proto-Germanic *þakkōną (“to touch lightly”) and Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”, ptcp.). The o-grade in Old Irish however would be unexplained.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tungū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungemam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokas?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungeti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungeto",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tungemo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungestē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoxte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungento",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tunge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tungomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tungete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungontou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "tungedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*tungeti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tunge",
"2": "titux",
"3": "tetok",
"4": "tuxt",
"5": "touxs"
},
"name": "cel-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tungeti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swear (an oath)"
],
"id": "en-tungeti-cel-pro-verb-DOHJI88-",
"links": [
[
"swear",
"swear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tongeti"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tungeti"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "toeaff",
"3": "touet"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: toeaff, touet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: toeaff, touet"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "toued"
},
"expansion": "Breton: toued",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: toued"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ty"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: ty",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: ty"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "tyngu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: tyngu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: tyngu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tyngu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: tyngu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: tyngu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "tongaid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: tongaid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: tongaid"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "toncsiiontio",
"pos": "3p.fut.rel.",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Gaulish: toncsiiontio (3p.fut.rel.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Gaulish: toncsiiontio (3p.fut.rel.)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*teh₂g-",
"id": "touch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂lewgʰ-",
"t": "to announce"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ- (“to announce”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "toncsiiontio"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish toncsiiontio",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*th₂négti",
"4": "",
"5": "to touch, grasp; to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *th₂négti (“to touch, grasp; to take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tangō",
"3": "",
"4": "(I) touch"
},
"expansion": "Latin tangō (“(I) touch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*þakwōną",
"3": "*þakkōną",
"4": "to touch lightly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þakkōną (“to touch lightly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τεταγών",
"3": "",
"4": "having seized",
"pos": "ptcp."
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”, ptcp.)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A verb infamous for its complicated origin. There are two major theories on its origin:\n* A modern theory derives the verb from a suppletive conflation of a nasal-infix present *lungeti from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ- (“to announce”) and a preterite derived from *tek- (“to reach out, receive with one's hands”). The initial t- outside the present would thus come from analogy with the preterite. This theory dismisses a connection with Gaulish toncsiiontio.\n* An older, more traditional theory supposed descent from Proto-Indo-European *th₂négti (“to touch, grasp; to take”), ne-infixed verb from the root *teh₂g- (“to touch; to take”), with semantic divergence (i.e. to “take (an oath)”); compare Latin tangō (“(I) touch”), especially in the figurative meanings “affect; enchant”, Proto-Germanic *þakkōną (“to touch lightly”) and Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”, ptcp.). The o-grade in Old Irish however would be unexplained.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tungū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungemam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokas?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungeti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungeto",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tungemo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokmo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungestē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetoxte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungento",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tetokar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tunge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tungomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tungete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungontou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tungetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "tungedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tungontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tituxsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "touxsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtams",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuxtā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*tungeti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tunge",
"2": "titux",
"3": "tetok",
"4": "tuxt",
"5": "touxs"
},
"name": "cel-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tungeti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- (touch)",
"Proto-Celtic verbs",
"cel-pro:Law",
"cel-pro:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"to swear (an oath)"
],
"links": [
[
"swear",
"swear"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tongeti"
}
],
"word": "tungeti"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.