See trên on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-leːɲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Muong",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lên"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lên",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Doublet of lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𨕭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𨑗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蓮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"upper"
],
"id": "en-trên-vi-adj-ruYQVYKS",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"higher, superior"
],
"id": "en-trên-vi-adj-BHoi6ODc",
"links": [
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trên.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-leːɲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Muong",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lên"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lên",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Doublet of lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𨕭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𨑗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蓮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "",
"tr": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "vi-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bề trên"
},
{
"word": "ơn trên"
},
{
"word": "tay trên"
},
{
"word": "trên dưới"
},
{
"word": "trển"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "up on the tree",
"text": "trên cây",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on"
],
"id": "en-trên-vi-prep-uNMehScl",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trên.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "train"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English train",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English train.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trenau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "trenau"
},
"expansion": "trên m (plural trenau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Rail transportation",
"orig": "cy:Rail transportation",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "gear train",
"word": "trên gêr"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No, I'm going on the train.",
"text": "Na, dw i'n mynd ar y trên.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"train"
],
"id": "en-trên-cy-noun-EW9UxB0E",
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/treːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese prepositions",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-leːɲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Muong",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lên"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lên",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Doublet of lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𨕭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𨑗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蓮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"upper"
],
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"higher, superior"
],
"links": [
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trên.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese prepositions",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bề trên"
},
{
"word": "ơn trên"
},
{
"word": "tay trên"
},
{
"word": "trên dưới"
},
{
"word": "trển"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-leːɲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Muong",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "lên"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lên",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Doublet of lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𨕭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𨑗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蓮",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "",
"tr": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮"
},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
"name": "vi-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "up on the tree",
"text": "trên cây",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trên.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "gear train",
"word": "trên gêr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "train"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English train",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English train.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trenau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "trenau"
},
"expansion": "trên m (plural trenau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/eːn",
"Rhymes:Welsh/eːn/1 syllable",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from English",
"Welsh terms with usage examples",
"cy:Rail transportation"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No, I'm going on the train.",
"text": "Na, dw i'n mynd ar y trên.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"train"
],
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/treːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trên meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.