See tovariščь on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: товарищь (tovariščĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тава́рыш"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тава́рыш (taváryš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тава́рыш (taváryš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "това́рищ"
},
"expansion": "Russian: това́рищ (továrišč)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: това́рищ (továrišč)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "това́риш"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: това́риш (továryš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: това́риш (továryš)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "tovarăș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: tovarăș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: tovarăș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "tovařiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: tovařiš, tovaryš\nCzech: tovaryš",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: tovařiš, tovaryš\nCzech: tovaryš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "towarzysz"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: towarzysz\nPolish: towarzysz\nSilesian: tŏwarzisz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: towarzysz\nPolish: towarzysz\nSilesian: tŏwarzisz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "tovariš"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: tovariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: tovariš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "товариш"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: товариш (tovariš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: товариш (tovariš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tovariš"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tovariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tovariš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "towarzësz"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: towarzësz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: towarzësz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "tôwarzësz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: tôwarzësz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: tôwarzësz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "towarš"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: towarš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: towarš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "towariš"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: towariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: towariš"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tovariščь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iščь",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friend, comrade, companion"
],
"id": "en-tovariščь-sla-pro-noun-i0BGnPIs",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tovariščь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: товарищь (tovariščĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тава́рыш"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тава́рыш (taváryš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тава́рыш (taváryš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "това́рищ"
},
"expansion": "Russian: това́рищ (továrišč)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: това́рищ (továrišč)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "това́риш"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: това́риш (továryš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: това́риш (továryš)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "tovarăș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: tovarăș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: tovarăș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "tovařiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: tovařiš, tovaryš\nCzech: tovaryš",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: tovařiš, tovaryš\nCzech: tovaryš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "towarzysz"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: towarzysz\nPolish: towarzysz\nSilesian: tŏwarzisz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: towarzysz\nPolish: towarzysz\nSilesian: tŏwarzisz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "tovariš"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: tovariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: tovariš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rsk",
"2": "товариш"
},
"expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: товариш (tovariš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pannonian Rusyn: товариш (tovariš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tovariš"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tovariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tovariš"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "towarzësz"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: towarzësz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: towarzësz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "tôwarzësz"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: tôwarzësz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: tôwarzësz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "towarš"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: towarš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: towarš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "towariš"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: towariš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: towariš"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščemъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščema",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovariščixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tovarišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"stem": "o"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tovariščь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iščь"
],
"glosses": [
"friend, comrade, companion"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tovariščь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tovariščь meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.