See thrawn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrown"
},
"expansion": "English thrown",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Participle of thraw. Cognate with English thrown and thran.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thrawner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrawnest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "thrawnest",
"11": "",
"12": "thrawnest",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "thrawner",
"5": "",
"6": "thrawnest",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "superlative"
},
"expansion": "thrawn (comparative thrawner, superlative thrawnest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thrawner",
"2": "thrawnest"
},
"expansion": "thrawn (comparative thrawner, superlative thrawnest)",
"name": "sco-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "69 16 4 10 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 11 3 7 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 9 9 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twisted, crooked, distorted, misshapen."
],
"id": "en-thrawn-sco-adj-hRVrP82k",
"links": [
[
"twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"distorted",
"distorted"
],
[
"misshapen",
"misshapen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wry, twisted with rage or pain."
],
"id": "en-thrawn-sco-adj-9l2I2n-d",
"links": [
[
"wry",
"wry"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of mouth) wry, twisted with rage or pain."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of mouth"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, The Herald:",
"text": "Apart from the distinctively thrawn nature of our fellow citizens, how are we to explain the extraordinary switch in support to the SNP from Labour in our opinion poll on voting intentions for a Scottish parliament?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Kevin McKenna, The Guardian:",
"text": "Then an embossed card wafted through his letterbox last week and shattered his thrawn defiance of celebrity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Ian McConnell, The Herald:",
"text": "The thrawn Tory Brexiters should heed words of Burns as they fly Union Flags [...] With every day that passes, the impression of the Brexiters as being utterly thrawn, to use a great Scots word, just keeps on growing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Robin McKie, The Guardian:",
"text": "It is an extraordinary success story – and it was achieved by a small family firm whose members were notable because they were \"stubborn, thrawn and as hard as nails\", according to a newly published study of the Johnnie Walker blend.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Jan Prentice, The Herald:",
"text": "She achieved this through an astute mix of business acumen and pin-sharp organisational skills, to say nothing of thrawn dedication and dogged persuasiveness.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obstinate, stubborn, defiant, contrarian."
],
"id": "en-thrawn-sco-adj-PcxMoVjM",
"links": [
[
"obstinate",
"obstinate"
],
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"defiant",
"defiant"
],
[
"contrarian",
"contrarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of person) obstinate, stubborn, defiant, contrarian."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "And then she changed her voice and would be as saft as honey: 'My puir wee Ailie, was I thrawn till ye? Never mind, my bonnie. You and me are a' that's left, and we maunna be ill to ither.'",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surly, bad tempered"
],
"id": "en-thrawn-sco-adj-Fk~GYucx",
"links": [
[
"surly",
"surly"
],
[
"bad tempered",
"bad tempered"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of person) surly, bad tempered"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inclement"
],
"id": "en-thrawn-sco-adj-tzX~pViZ",
"links": [
[
"inclement",
"inclement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of weather) inclement"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of weather"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑn/"
}
],
"word": "thrawn"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated verb"
},
"expansion": "thrawn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trawn"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "trawn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Aspirate mutation of trawn."
],
"id": "en-thrawn-cy-verb-Unywhv58",
"links": [
[
"trawn",
"trawn#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θrau̯n/"
}
],
"word": "thrawn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots adjectives",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrown"
},
"expansion": "English thrown",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Participle of thraw. Cognate with English thrown and thran.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thrawner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrawnest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "thrawnest",
"11": "",
"12": "thrawnest",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "thrawner",
"5": "",
"6": "thrawnest",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "superlative"
},
"expansion": "thrawn (comparative thrawner, superlative thrawnest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thrawner",
"2": "thrawnest"
},
"expansion": "thrawn (comparative thrawner, superlative thrawnest)",
"name": "sco-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"twisted, crooked, distorted, misshapen."
],
"links": [
[
"twisted",
"twisted"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"distorted",
"distorted"
],
[
"misshapen",
"misshapen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wry, twisted with rage or pain."
],
"links": [
[
"wry",
"wry"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of mouth) wry, twisted with rage or pain."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of mouth"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Scots quotations",
"Scots terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, The Herald:",
"text": "Apart from the distinctively thrawn nature of our fellow citizens, how are we to explain the extraordinary switch in support to the SNP from Labour in our opinion poll on voting intentions for a Scottish parliament?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Kevin McKenna, The Guardian:",
"text": "Then an embossed card wafted through his letterbox last week and shattered his thrawn defiance of celebrity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Ian McConnell, The Herald:",
"text": "The thrawn Tory Brexiters should heed words of Burns as they fly Union Flags [...] With every day that passes, the impression of the Brexiters as being utterly thrawn, to use a great Scots word, just keeps on growing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Robin McKie, The Guardian:",
"text": "It is an extraordinary success story – and it was achieved by a small family firm whose members were notable because they were \"stubborn, thrawn and as hard as nails\", according to a newly published study of the Johnnie Walker blend.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Jan Prentice, The Herald:",
"text": "She achieved this through an astute mix of business acumen and pin-sharp organisational skills, to say nothing of thrawn dedication and dogged persuasiveness.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obstinate, stubborn, defiant, contrarian."
],
"links": [
[
"obstinate",
"obstinate"
],
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"defiant",
"defiant"
],
[
"contrarian",
"contrarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of person) obstinate, stubborn, defiant, contrarian."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Scots quotations",
"Scots terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "And then she changed her voice and would be as saft as honey: 'My puir wee Ailie, was I thrawn till ye? Never mind, my bonnie. You and me are a' that's left, and we maunna be ill to ither.'",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surly, bad tempered"
],
"links": [
[
"surly",
"surly"
],
[
"bad tempered",
"bad tempered"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of person) surly, bad tempered"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inclement"
],
"links": [
[
"inclement",
"inclement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of weather) inclement"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of weather"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑn/"
}
],
"word": "thrawn"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrawn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated verb"
},
"expansion": "thrawn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trawn"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh aspirate-mutation forms",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated verbs",
"Welsh non-lemma forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "trawn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Aspirate mutation of trawn."
],
"links": [
[
"trawn",
"trawn#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θrau̯n/"
}
],
"word": "thrawn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thrawn meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </small>",
"path": [
"thrawn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "thrawn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: thrawn/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"thrawn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "thrawn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: thrawn/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"thrawn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "thrawn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: thrawn/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"thrawn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "thrawn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.