"swēraz" meaning in All languages combined

See swēraz on Wiktionary

Adjective [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈswɛː.rɑz/
Etymology: Vṛddhi gerundive of an otherwise unattested strong verb *sweraną, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”), Latvian svars (“weight”). Etymology templates: {{vrd|gem-pro|ger=1}} Vṛddhi gerundive, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*swer-|t=heavy}} Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”), {{cog|lt|sver̃ti|t=to weigh, balance}} Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”), {{cog|lv|svars|t=weight}} Latvian svars (“weight”) Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], swēraz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], swērō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], swērą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], swērai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], swērôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], swērō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], swēranǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], swērǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], swērą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], swēranz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], swērōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], swērō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], swēras [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], swēraizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], swēras [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], swēraizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], swēraizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], swēraizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], swērammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], swēraizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], swērammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], swēraimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], swēraimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], swēraimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], swēranō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], swēraizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], swēranō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], swēraimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], swēraimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], swēraimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], swērô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], swērǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], swērô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], swēraniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], swērōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], swērōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], swēranų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], swērōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], swērô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], swēranunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], swērōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], swērōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], swēriniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], swērōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], swēriniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], swēranǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], swērōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], swēranǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], swērini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], swērōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], swērini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], swērammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], swērōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], swērammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], swērinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], swērōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], swērinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], swērammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], swērōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], swērammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak], *swērijaz [alternative]
  1. heavy Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-swēraz-gem-pro-adj-ItWSXtZG
  2. grave, grievous, serious, important Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-swēraz-gem-pro-adj-aN7r73Ab Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic vrddhi gerundives Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 100 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 8 92 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic vrddhi gerundives: 4 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: habīgaz, þunguz Derived forms: swērį̄, swēriþō, swērāną
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "swērį̄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "swēriþō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "swērāną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swār"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swār\nOld English: swǣr\nMiddle English: swere, swær, swar, sware, swer, suere\nEnglish: sweer, swear, sweir, swere\nScots: sweir, sweer, swere\nOld Frisian: swēr, swēre\nNorth Frisian: swier\nSaterland Frisian: sweer\nWest Frisian: swier\nOld Saxon: swār, swāri\nMiddle Low German: swâr\nGerman Low German: swar, swaar, swor; swer\n→ Danish: svar\nOld Dutch: *swār\nMiddle Dutch: swâer\nDutch: zwaar\nAfrikaans: swaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: swari\nNegerhollands: swaar, swar\nLimburgish: zwaor\nZealandic: zwaer\nOld High German: swār\nMiddle High German: swær, swǣre, swār, swēre, swēr\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: schwär\nBavarian: schwar\nGerman: schwer\nLuxembourgish: schwéier\nVilamovian: świer\nYiddish: שווער (shver)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swār\nOld English: swǣr\nMiddle English: swere, swær, swar, sware, swer, suere\nEnglish: sweer, swear, sweir, swere\nScots: sweir, sweer, swere\nOld Frisian: swēr, swēre\nNorth Frisian: swier\nSaterland Frisian: sweer\nWest Frisian: swier\nOld Saxon: swār, swāri\nMiddle Low German: swâr\nGerman Low German: swar, swaar, swor; swer\n→ Danish: svar\nOld Dutch: *swār\nMiddle Dutch: swâer\nDutch: zwaar\nAfrikaans: swaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: swari\nNegerhollands: swaar, swar\nLimburgish: zwaor\nZealandic: zwaer\nOld High German: swār\nMiddle High German: swær, swǣre, swār, swēre, swēr\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: schwär\nBavarian: schwar\nGerman: schwer\nLuxembourgish: schwéier\nVilamovian: świer\nYiddish: שווער (shver)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "svárr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: svárr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: svárr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "svár",
            "3": "sver"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: svár, sver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: svár, sver (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "svárur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: svárur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: svárur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "svar",
            "alt": "svār"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: svār",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: svār"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "svår"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: svår",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: svår"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "svar",
            "3": "svær"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: svar, svær",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: svar, svær (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "svær"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: svær",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: svær (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃 (swērs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃 (swērs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "ger": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Vṛddhi gerundive",
      "name": "vrd"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "t": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sver̃ti",
        "t": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "svars",
        "t": "weight"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian svars (“weight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Vṛddhi gerundive of an otherwise unattested strong verb *sweraną, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”), Latvian svars (“weight”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*swērijaz",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swēraz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heavy"
      ],
      "id": "en-swēraz-gem-pro-adj-ItWSXtZG",
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic vrddhi gerundives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grave, grievous, serious, important"
      ],
      "id": "en-swēraz-gem-pro-adj-aN7r73Ab",
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "grievous",
          "grievous"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ],
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswɛː.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "habīgaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "þunguz"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "swēraz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic vrddhi gerundives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "swērį̄"
    },
    {
      "word": "swēriþō"
    },
    {
      "word": "swērāną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swār"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swār\nOld English: swǣr\nMiddle English: swere, swær, swar, sware, swer, suere\nEnglish: sweer, swear, sweir, swere\nScots: sweir, sweer, swere\nOld Frisian: swēr, swēre\nNorth Frisian: swier\nSaterland Frisian: sweer\nWest Frisian: swier\nOld Saxon: swār, swāri\nMiddle Low German: swâr\nGerman Low German: swar, swaar, swor; swer\n→ Danish: svar\nOld Dutch: *swār\nMiddle Dutch: swâer\nDutch: zwaar\nAfrikaans: swaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: swari\nNegerhollands: swaar, swar\nLimburgish: zwaor\nZealandic: zwaer\nOld High German: swār\nMiddle High German: swær, swǣre, swār, swēre, swēr\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: schwär\nBavarian: schwar\nGerman: schwer\nLuxembourgish: schwéier\nVilamovian: świer\nYiddish: שווער (shver)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swār\nOld English: swǣr\nMiddle English: swere, swær, swar, sware, swer, suere\nEnglish: sweer, swear, sweir, swere\nScots: sweir, sweer, swere\nOld Frisian: swēr, swēre\nNorth Frisian: swier\nSaterland Frisian: sweer\nWest Frisian: swier\nOld Saxon: swār, swāri\nMiddle Low German: swâr\nGerman Low German: swar, swaar, swor; swer\n→ Danish: svar\nOld Dutch: *swār\nMiddle Dutch: swâer\nDutch: zwaar\nAfrikaans: swaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: swari\nNegerhollands: swaar, swar\nLimburgish: zwaor\nZealandic: zwaer\nOld High German: swār\nMiddle High German: swær, swǣre, swār, swēre, swēr\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: schwär\nBavarian: schwar\nGerman: schwer\nLuxembourgish: schwéier\nVilamovian: świer\nYiddish: שווער (shver)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "svárr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: svárr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: svárr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "svár",
            "3": "sver"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: svár, sver",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: svár, sver (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "svárur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: svárur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: svárur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "svar",
            "alt": "svār"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: svār",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: svār"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "svår"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: svår",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: svår"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "svar",
            "3": "svær"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: svar, svær",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: svar, svær (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "svær"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: svær",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: svær (probably influenced by German schwer)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃 (swērs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐍃 (swērs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "ger": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Vṛddhi gerundive",
      "name": "vrd"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swer-",
        "t": "heavy"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "sver̃ti",
        "t": "to weigh, balance"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "svars",
        "t": "weight"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian svars (“weight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Vṛddhi gerundive of an otherwise unattested strong verb *sweraną, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Lithuanian sver̃ti (“to weigh, balance”), Latvian svars (“weight”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēraniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swēranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swērammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*swērijaz",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swēraz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heavy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heavy",
          "heavy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grave, grievous, serious, important"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ],
        [
          "grievous",
          "grievous"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ],
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswɛː.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "habīgaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "þunguz"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "swēraz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for swēraz meaning in All languages combined (11.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.