See sucula on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sucula meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūs",
"3": "-culus",
"alt2": "-cula",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "pig, hog, sow"
},
"expansion": "sūs (“pig, hog, sow”) + -cula (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "porculus",
"t": "little piglet"
},
"expansion": "porculus (“little piglet”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sùkti",
"t": "to weave, spin, rotate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sùkti (“to weave, spin, rotate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "скать",
"t": "twist, turn"
},
"expansion": "Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σεύω",
"t": "drive"
},
"expansion": "σεύω (seúō, “drive”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From sūs (“pig, hog, sow”) + -cula (diminutive suffix), at least when used literally. The more frequent \"winch\", \"windlass\" sense is most often explained as a metaphorical extension of this, by the resemblance of the device and the attached apparatus to a sow with her litter; the use of porculus (“little piglet”) figuratively to refer to a hook or clutching device used with a sucula indicates that this interpretation was certainly salient, whether original or secondary.\nKortlandt 2007, citing Dybo 1961, explains the form's short vowel as from *sŭko- with an originally stressed velar suffix that caused pretonic shortening (which per Dybo is a shared feature of Italic and Celtic). Rasmussen 1999 instead attributes the short vowel to pre-geminate shortening (*sukkla- < *sukkelā-), and argues that Dybo was incorrect to give this as an example of pretonic shortening.\nAlternative proposals for the etymology of the \"windlass\" sense:\n* Per Walde and Hofmann 1954, the \"windlass\" sense is from a Proto-Indo-European root related to Lithuanian sùkti (“to weave, spin, rotate”) and Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”).\n* Per Lewis and Short 1879, the \"windlass\" sense is possibly related to Greek σεύω (seúō, “drive”), itself of uncertain origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suculae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sucula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sucula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sucula<1>"
},
"expansion": "sucula f (genitive suculae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sucula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Suculae"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Palaestra then a little silver sickle and two joined little hands and a winch [or \"and a little sow\"]. Gripus Go be hanged with your little sow and little piglets.",
"ref": "c. 211 BCE, Plautus, Rudens 4.4.1170, (trochaic septenarius)",
"text": "Palaestra post sicilicula argenteola et duae conexae maniculae et / sucula. Gripus quin tu i dierecta, cum sucula et cum porculis"
},
{
"ref": "c. 998 CE, Ælfric of Eynsham, Grammar, (as cited in DMLBS)",
"text": "suilla vel sucula, gilte"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "pig",
"word": "sūs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Diminutive of sūs (“pig”)"
],
"id": "en-sucula-la-noun-mc14kBQy",
"links": [
[
"sūs",
"sus#Latin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Diminutive of sūs (“pig”)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"winch, windlass, capstan (or similar device)"
],
"id": "en-sucula-la-noun-GHwlZtIY",
"links": [
[
"winch",
"winch"
],
[
"windlass",
"windlass"
],
[
"capstan",
"capstan"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.ku.la/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ʊkʊɫ̪ä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.ku.la/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsuːkulä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "sucula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms suffixed with -culus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūs",
"3": "-culus",
"alt2": "-cula",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "pig, hog, sow"
},
"expansion": "sūs (“pig, hog, sow”) + -cula (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "porculus",
"t": "little piglet"
},
"expansion": "porculus (“little piglet”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sùkti",
"t": "to weave, spin, rotate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sùkti (“to weave, spin, rotate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "скать",
"t": "twist, turn"
},
"expansion": "Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σεύω",
"t": "drive"
},
"expansion": "σεύω (seúō, “drive”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From sūs (“pig, hog, sow”) + -cula (diminutive suffix), at least when used literally. The more frequent \"winch\", \"windlass\" sense is most often explained as a metaphorical extension of this, by the resemblance of the device and the attached apparatus to a sow with her litter; the use of porculus (“little piglet”) figuratively to refer to a hook or clutching device used with a sucula indicates that this interpretation was certainly salient, whether original or secondary.\nKortlandt 2007, citing Dybo 1961, explains the form's short vowel as from *sŭko- with an originally stressed velar suffix that caused pretonic shortening (which per Dybo is a shared feature of Italic and Celtic). Rasmussen 1999 instead attributes the short vowel to pre-geminate shortening (*sukkla- < *sukkelā-), and argues that Dybo was incorrect to give this as an example of pretonic shortening.\nAlternative proposals for the etymology of the \"windlass\" sense:\n* Per Walde and Hofmann 1954, the \"windlass\" sense is from a Proto-Indo-European root related to Lithuanian sùkti (“to weave, spin, rotate”) and Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”).\n* Per Lewis and Short 1879, the \"windlass\" sense is possibly related to Greek σεύω (seúō, “drive”), itself of uncertain origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suculae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sucula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suculā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suculīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sucula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "suculae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sucula<1>"
},
"expansion": "sucula f (genitive suculae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sucula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Suculae"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with rare senses",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Palaestra then a little silver sickle and two joined little hands and a winch [or \"and a little sow\"]. Gripus Go be hanged with your little sow and little piglets.",
"ref": "c. 211 BCE, Plautus, Rudens 4.4.1170, (trochaic septenarius)",
"text": "Palaestra post sicilicula argenteola et duae conexae maniculae et / sucula. Gripus quin tu i dierecta, cum sucula et cum porculis"
},
{
"ref": "c. 998 CE, Ælfric of Eynsham, Grammar, (as cited in DMLBS)",
"text": "suilla vel sucula, gilte"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "pig",
"word": "sūs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Diminutive of sūs (“pig”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sūs",
"sus#Latin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Diminutive of sūs (“pig”)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"winch, windlass, capstan (or similar device)"
],
"links": [
[
"winch",
"winch"
],
[
"windlass",
"windlass"
],
[
"capstan",
"capstan"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.ku.la/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ʊkʊɫ̪ä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.ku.la/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsuːkulä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "sucula"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.