See steven on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "even steven"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steven",
"t": "voice, command, constitution"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steven (“voice, command, constitution”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"t": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stebnu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stebnu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stebnō",
"t": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stebnō (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stómn̥",
"4": "",
"5": "mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stifne"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stifne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "stemna",
"3": "",
"4": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon stemna (“voice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "stimma"
},
"expansion": "Old High German stimma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Stimme"
},
"expansion": "German Stimme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰",
"3": "",
"4": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰 (stibna, “voice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στόμα",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥",
"3": "",
"4": "maw"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥 (staman, “maw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸",
"t": "ear",
"tr": "iš-ta-mi-na-aš",
"ts": "stāminas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸 (iš-ta-mi-na-aš /stāminas/, “ear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steven (“voice, command, constitution”), from Old English stefn (“voice”), from Proto-West Germanic *stebnu, from Proto-Germanic *stebnō (“voice”), earlier *stemnā, derived from Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?”). Cognate with Old Frisian stifne, stemme (“voice”), Old Saxon stemna (“voice”), Dutch stem, Old High German stimma, stimna (“voice”) (German Stimme), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰 (stibna, “voice”), and more distantly Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥 (staman, “maw”), and possibly Hittite 𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸 (iš-ta-mi-na-aš /stāminas/, “ear”). See also stevvon. Displaced by voice.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevvon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stoma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "74 22 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1566, William Addlington, translator, The Golden Asse, Apuleius\n[…] whereby the little birds weening that the spring time had bin come, did chirp and sing in their steven melodiously […]"
},
{
"ref": "17th c., Robin Hood and Guy of Gisborne",
"text": "When Little John heard his master speake, / Well knew he it was his steven."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1801, Richard Gall, Poems & Songs (1819) 93",
"text": "Then could her Sangsters loud their steven raise."
},
{
"ref": "1826, James Hogg, Queen Hynde vi, in Poems (1865) 262",
"text": "All nature roar'd in one dire steven; Heaven cried to earth, and earth to heaven."
},
{
"ref": "1865, William Stott Banks, List Provinc. Words Wakefield:",
"text": "Thah's a rare stevven, lad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Sidney Lanier, Sir Thomas Malory, Alfred Kappes, The Boy's King Arthur:",
"text": "Then Sir Launcelot said with dreary steeven [voice], “Sir bishop, I pray you give to me all my rights that longeth to a Christian man.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1886, Eric Mackay, Love Lett. Violinist (1895) 197",
"text": "He […] lifted up his steven To keep the bulwarks of his faith secure."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Voice, especially when loud or strong."
],
"id": "en-steven-en-noun-UVRIBmVF",
"links": [
[
"Voice",
"voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, Scotland, obsolete) Voice, especially when loud or strong."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1500, \"Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 6\"",
"text": "To thee, lady, y make my moon; I praie thee heere my steuen."
},
{
"ref": "1589, Thomas Lodge, Scillaes Metamorphosis E 2:",
"text": "Father of light […] Bring to effect this my desired steauen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1597, Thomas Middleton, Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. xviii. xiv–xvi. sig. Y3v:",
"text": "And brought thy precept? as a burning steauen, Reaching from heauen to earth, from earth to heauen.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Request, petition, prayer, or command."
],
"id": "en-steven-en-noun-GYeOjp-J",
"links": [
[
"Request",
"request"
],
[
"petition",
"petition"
],
[
"prayer",
"prayer"
],
[
"command",
"command"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Request, petition, prayer, or command."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstiːvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteɪvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɛvən/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstiːvn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈsteɪ̯vn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstɛvn̩]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "steaven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stevvon"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steven",
"4": "",
"5": "appointment"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steven (“appointment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "a time, turn, tour of duty"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“a time, turn, tour of duty”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stabnijaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stabnijaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "stevene",
"3": "",
"4": "a court appointment"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German stevene (“a court appointment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stefna",
"3": "",
"4": "appointment, meeting"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse stefna (“appointment, meeting”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steven (“appointment”), from Old English stefn (“a time, turn, tour of duty”), from Proto-Germanic *stabnijaz, *stabnijô (“fixed time”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry”). Cognate with Middle Low German stevene (“a court appointment”), Old Norse stefna (“appointment, meeting”). More at staff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book VIII",
"text": "And that same nyght that the steavyn was sette betwyxte Segwarydes wyff and Sir Trystrames, so Kynge Marke armed and made hym redy …."
},
{
"ref": "1788, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, The dramatick writings of Will. Shakspere, with the Notes of all the various Commentators:",
"text": "I should choose to read \"at this dull season,\" rather than this dull steven, [...]— John Monck Mason.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1894, Reginald Brimley Johnson, “Robin Hood”, in Popular British Ballads, Ancient and Modern, page 167:",
"text": "Let us some masteries make,\nAnd we will walk in the woods even;\nWe may chance meet with Robin Hood\nHere at some unset steven.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A time, occasion."
],
"id": "en-steven-en-noun-xN7xuYbg",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A time, occasion."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstiːvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteɪvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɛvən/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstiːvn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈsteɪ̯vn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstɛvn̩]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "steaven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stevvon"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "voorsteven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "achtersteven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevenbalk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevenhaak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevenroer"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "stef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: stef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: stef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "stēvene"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch stēvene",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch stēvene.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "steventje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "steven m (plural stevens, diminutive steventje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ste‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of the two ends of a ship's hull; the bow or the stern"
],
"id": "en-steven-nl-noun-H1Ekuqzc",
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bow of a ship"
],
"id": "en-steven-nl-noun-BIGXbHyf",
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-steven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-steven.ogg/Nl-steven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-steven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteːvə(n)/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:steven"
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "steve"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of steve"
],
"id": "en-steven-fi-noun-I65MmlXF",
"links": [
[
"steve",
"steve#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English stefn, stemn (“voice, sound”). More at steven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XXI:",
"text": "Soo wythin syx wekye after syr Launcelot fyl seek and laye in his bedde & thenne he sente for the bysshop that there was heremyte and al his trewe felowes / Than Syr Launcelot sayd wyth drery steuen / syr bysshop I praye you gyue to me al my ryghtes that longeth to a chrysten man.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The voice of a human being; a voice."
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-AJn8tQkE",
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"human",
"human"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A vocal sound."
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-c-VxLbTy",
"links": [
[
"vocal",
"vocal"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sound; tonal pattern."
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-dJ-vzk36",
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"tonal",
"tonal"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Manner of speaking."
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-bIX2W1aL",
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stevin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "steiven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stephene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "steavene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "steme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "steuen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stemne"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "appointed time"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“appointed time”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English stefn (“appointed time”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1385, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in Canterbury Tales:",
"text": "It is ful fair a man to bere hym euene, / For al day meeten men at vnset steuene.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time, set time, appointment"
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-xzVWpfp8",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"appointment",
"appointment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 14 2 2 22 1 1 1 7 1 46 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 14 2 1 17 0 0 0 8 1 54 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 13 6 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1398, John Trevisa, trans. Bartholomaeus, De Proprietatibus Rerum:"
},
{
"text": "Suche stenche is continual and comeþ nouȝt by stemnes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"period of time, occasion"
],
"id": "en-steven-enm-noun-HB78lI-o",
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stemne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevene"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stewin"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stewin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stebnō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stebnō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stomen-",
"4": "",
"5": "mouth, muzzle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stomen- (“mouth, muzzle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stewin, from Old English stefn (“voice”), from Proto-Germanic *stebnō, *stamnijō (“voice”), from Proto-Indo-European *stomen- (“mouth, muzzle”). Cognates: see above, steven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "stevens",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"voice"
],
"id": "en-steven-sco-noun-xX1-kgGX",
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a loud outcry"
],
"id": "en-steven-sco-noun-RKsImRIW",
"links": [
[
"outcry",
"outcry"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stevin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stewyn"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "voorsteven"
},
{
"word": "achtersteven"
},
{
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"word": "stevenbalk"
},
{
"word": "stevenhaak"
},
{
"word": "stevenroer"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "stef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: stef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: stef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "stēvene"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch stēvene",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch stēvene.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "steventje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "steven m (plural stevens, diminutive steventje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ste‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"one of the two ends of a ship's hull; the bow or the stern"
],
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bow of a ship"
],
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-steven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/Nl-steven.ogg/Nl-steven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Nl-steven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteːvə(n)/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:steven"
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stebʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːvən",
"Rhymes:English/iːvən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɛvən",
"Rhymes:English/ɛvən/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "even steven"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steven",
"t": "voice, command, constitution"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steven (“voice, command, constitution”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"t": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stebnu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stebnu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stebnō",
"t": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stebnō (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stómn̥",
"4": "",
"5": "mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "stifne"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian stifne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "stemna",
"3": "",
"4": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon stemna (“voice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "stimma"
},
"expansion": "Old High German stimma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Stimme"
},
"expansion": "German Stimme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰",
"3": "",
"4": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰 (stibna, “voice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στόμα",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥",
"3": "",
"4": "maw"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥 (staman, “maw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸",
"t": "ear",
"tr": "iš-ta-mi-na-aš",
"ts": "stāminas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸 (iš-ta-mi-na-aš /stāminas/, “ear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steven (“voice, command, constitution”), from Old English stefn (“voice”), from Proto-West Germanic *stebnu, from Proto-Germanic *stebnō (“voice”), earlier *stemnā, derived from Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle; (originally) hole?”). Cognate with Old Frisian stifne, stemme (“voice”), Old Saxon stemna (“voice”), Dutch stem, Old High German stimma, stimna (“voice”) (German Stimme), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌱𐌽𐌰 (stibna, “voice”), and more distantly Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥 (staman, “maw”), and possibly Hittite 𒅖𒋫𒈪𒈾𒀸 (iš-ta-mi-na-aš /stāminas/, “ear”). See also stevvon. Displaced by voice.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "stevvon"
},
{
"word": "stoma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Northern England English",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1566, William Addlington, translator, The Golden Asse, Apuleius\n[…] whereby the little birds weening that the spring time had bin come, did chirp and sing in their steven melodiously […]"
},
{
"ref": "17th c., Robin Hood and Guy of Gisborne",
"text": "When Little John heard his master speake, / Well knew he it was his steven."
},
{
"ref": "a. 1801, Richard Gall, Poems & Songs (1819) 93",
"text": "Then could her Sangsters loud their steven raise."
},
{
"ref": "1826, James Hogg, Queen Hynde vi, in Poems (1865) 262",
"text": "All nature roar'd in one dire steven; Heaven cried to earth, and earth to heaven."
},
{
"ref": "1865, William Stott Banks, List Provinc. Words Wakefield:",
"text": "Thah's a rare stevven, lad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880, Sidney Lanier, Sir Thomas Malory, Alfred Kappes, The Boy's King Arthur:",
"text": "Then Sir Launcelot said with dreary steeven [voice], “Sir bishop, I pray you give to me all my rights that longeth to a Christian man.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1886, Eric Mackay, Love Lett. Violinist (1895) 197",
"text": "He […] lifted up his steven To keep the bulwarks of his faith secure."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Voice, especially when loud or strong."
],
"links": [
[
"Voice",
"voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, Scotland, obsolete) Voice, especially when loud or strong."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1500, \"Hymns to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 6\"",
"text": "To thee, lady, y make my moon; I praie thee heere my steuen."
},
{
"ref": "1589, Thomas Lodge, Scillaes Metamorphosis E 2:",
"text": "Father of light […] Bring to effect this my desired steauen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1597, Thomas Middleton, Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. xviii. xiv–xvi. sig. Y3v:",
"text": "And brought thy precept? as a burning steauen, Reaching from heauen to earth, from earth to heauen.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Request, petition, prayer, or command."
],
"links": [
[
"Request",
"request"
],
[
"petition",
"petition"
],
[
"prayer",
"prayer"
],
[
"command",
"command"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Request, petition, prayer, or command."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstiːvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteɪvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɛvən/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstiːvn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈsteɪ̯vn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstɛvn̩]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "steaven"
},
{
"word": "stevvon"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stebʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːvən",
"Rhymes:English/iːvən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɛvən",
"Rhymes:English/ɛvən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "steven",
"4": "",
"5": "appointment"
},
"expansion": "Middle English steven (“appointment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "a time, turn, tour of duty"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“a time, turn, tour of duty”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stabnijaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stabnijaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "stevene",
"3": "",
"4": "a court appointment"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German stevene (“a court appointment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stefna",
"3": "",
"4": "appointment, meeting"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse stefna (“appointment, meeting”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English steven (“appointment”), from Old English stefn (“a time, turn, tour of duty”), from Proto-Germanic *stabnijaz, *stabnijô (“fixed time”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“a stake, post; to support, stamp, insist, become angry”). Cognate with Middle Low German stevene (“a court appointment”), Old Norse stefna (“appointment, meeting”). More at staff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book VIII",
"text": "And that same nyght that the steavyn was sette betwyxte Segwarydes wyff and Sir Trystrames, so Kynge Marke armed and made hym redy …."
},
{
"ref": "1788, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, The dramatick writings of Will. Shakspere, with the Notes of all the various Commentators:",
"text": "I should choose to read \"at this dull season,\" rather than this dull steven, [...]— John Monck Mason.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1894, Reginald Brimley Johnson, “Robin Hood”, in Popular British Ballads, Ancient and Modern, page 167:",
"text": "Let us some masteries make,\nAnd we will walk in the woods even;\nWe may chance meet with Robin Hood\nHere at some unset steven.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A time, occasion."
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A time, occasion."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstiːvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsteɪvən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɛvən/"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstiːvn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈsteɪ̯vn̩]"
},
{
"other": "[ˈstɛvn̩]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːvən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "steaven"
},
{
"word": "stevvon"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish non-lemma forms",
"Finnish noun forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "steve"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of steve"
],
"links": [
[
"steve",
"steve#Finnish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English stefn, stemn (“voice, sound”). More at steven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XXI:",
"text": "Soo wythin syx wekye after syr Launcelot fyl seek and laye in his bedde & thenne he sente for the bysshop that there was heremyte and al his trewe felowes / Than Syr Launcelot sayd wyth drery steuen / syr bysshop I praye you gyue to me al my ryghtes that longeth to a chrysten man.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The voice of a human being; a voice."
],
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
],
[
"human",
"human"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A vocal sound."
],
"links": [
[
"vocal",
"vocal"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sound; tonal pattern."
],
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"tonal",
"tonal"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Manner of speaking."
],
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stevin"
},
{
"word": "steiven"
},
{
"word": "stephene"
},
{
"word": "steavene"
},
{
"word": "steme"
},
{
"word": "stemne"
},
{
"word": "steuen"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "appointed time"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“appointed time”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English stefn (“appointed time”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "steven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1385, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in Canterbury Tales:",
"text": "It is ful fair a man to bere hym euene, / For al day meeten men at vnset steuene.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time, set time, appointment"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"appointment",
"appointment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Middle English usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1398, John Trevisa, trans. Bartholomaeus, De Proprietatibus Rerum:"
},
{
"text": "Suche stenche is continual and comeþ nouȝt by stemnes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"period of time, occasion"
],
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stemne"
},
{
"word": "stevene"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stewin"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stewin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stefn",
"4": "",
"5": "voice"
},
"expansion": "Old English stefn (“voice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stebnō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stebnō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stomen-",
"4": "",
"5": "mouth, muzzle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stomen- (“mouth, muzzle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stewin, from Old English stefn (“voice”), from Proto-Germanic *stebnō, *stamnijō (“voice”), from Proto-Indo-European *stomen- (“mouth, muzzle”). Cognates: see above, steven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stevens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "stevens",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "steven (plural stevens)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"voice"
],
"links": [
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a loud outcry"
],
"links": [
[
"outcry",
"outcry"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stevin"
},
{
"word": "stewyn"
}
],
"word": "steven"
}
Download raw JSONL data for steven meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.