See spes on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "spissus"
},
"expansion": "Latin spissus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spesso"
},
"expansion": "Italian spesso",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spissus. Compare Italian spesso.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speasã",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spesh",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speasi",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spease",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"10": "spease",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "feminine singular",
"4": "speasã",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "spesh",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "speasi",
"9": "or",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "spes m (feminine singular speasã, masculine plural spesh, feminine plural speasi or spease)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian words of Latin origin not found in Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "46 31 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 29 8 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thick"
],
"id": "en-spes-rup-adj-exKR5-2K",
"links": [
[
"thick",
"thick"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "des"
},
{
"word": "picnos"
},
{
"word": "spesu"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indecl"
},
"expansion": "spes (indeclinable)",
"name": "is-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Your friend was really special.",
"text": "Vinkona þín var svakalega spes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"special, often in an odd way"
],
"id": "en-spes-is-adj-IDrvgI92",
"links": [
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"odd",
"odd"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "exspēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spēcula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spene",
"3": "speme"
},
"expansion": "Italian: spene, speme",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the latter infl. by Latin"
},
"expansion": "(the latter infl. by Latin)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Italian: spene, speme (the latter infl. by Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "in spe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: in spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: in spe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "in spe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: in spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: in spe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inh",
"3": "itc-pro>*spēs>hope",
"id": "hope"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*spēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *spēs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spéh₁s",
"4": "",
"5": "prosperity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s (“prosperity”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *spēs, from Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s (“prosperity”), from *speh₁- (“to succeed, prosper”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spērum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spēs<5>"
},
"expansion": "spēs f (genitive speī); fifth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spēs<5>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spērō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "la:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "la:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "la:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As long as there is life, there is hope.",
"text": "Dum anima est, spēs est.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hope (belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen)"
],
"id": "en-spes-la-noun-mZq1eBtM",
"links": [
[
"hope",
"hope"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the fifth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "la:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "From the beginning there was an expectation for Faustulus that he was bringing up the children of the royal blood",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.5",
"text": "ab initio Faustulo spes fuerat regiam stirpem apud se educari"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expectation, anticipation, apprehension (act or state of looking forward to an event as about to happen)"
],
"id": "en-spes-la-noun-XgljD~n-",
"links": [
[
"expectation",
"expectation"
],
[
"anticipation",
"anticipation"
],
[
"apprehension",
"apprehension"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/speːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠peːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spes/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[spɛs]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Christianity",
"la:Emotions",
"la:Religion"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "spissus"
},
"expansion": "Latin spissus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spesso"
},
"expansion": "Italian spesso",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spissus. Compare Italian spesso.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speasã",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spesh",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speasi",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spease",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"10": "spease",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "feminine singular",
"4": "speasã",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "spesh",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "speasi",
"9": "or",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "spes m (feminine singular speasã, masculine plural spesh, feminine plural speasi or spease)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian adjectives",
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian terms derived from Latin",
"Aromanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Aromanian words of Latin origin not found in Romanian",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"thick"
],
"links": [
[
"thick",
"thick"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "des"
},
{
"word": "picnos"
},
{
"word": "spesu"
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Christianity",
"la:Emotions",
"la:Religion"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indecl"
},
"expansion": "spes (indeclinable)",
"name": "is-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic adjectives",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic indeclinable adjectives",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Icelandic terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Your friend was really special.",
"text": "Vinkona þín var svakalega spes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"special, often in an odd way"
],
"links": [
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"odd",
"odd"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the fifth declension",
"Latin fifth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speh₁-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Christianity",
"la:Emotions",
"la:Religion"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "exspēs"
},
{
"word": "spēcula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spene",
"3": "speme"
},
"expansion": "Italian: spene, speme",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "the latter infl. by Latin"
},
"expansion": "(the latter infl. by Latin)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Italian: spene, speme (the latter infl. by Latin)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "in spe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: in spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: in spe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "in spe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: in spe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: in spe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inh",
"3": "itc-pro>*spēs>hope",
"id": "hope"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*spēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *spēs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spéh₁s",
"4": "",
"5": "prosperity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s (“prosperity”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *spēs, from Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s (“prosperity”), from *speh₁- (“to succeed, prosper”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spēs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spērum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "speī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spēbus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spēs<5>"
},
"expansion": "spēs f (genitive speī); fifth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spēs<5>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spērō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As long as there is life, there is hope.",
"text": "Dum anima est, spēs est.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hope (belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen)"
],
"links": [
[
"hope",
"hope"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "From the beginning there was an expectation for Faustulus that he was bringing up the children of the royal blood",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.5",
"text": "ab initio Faustulo spes fuerat regiam stirpem apud se educari"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expectation, anticipation, apprehension (act or state of looking forward to an event as about to happen)"
],
"links": [
[
"expectation",
"expectation"
],
[
"anticipation",
"anticipation"
],
[
"apprehension",
"apprehension"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/speːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠peːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spes/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[spɛs]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spes meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.