See snaturare on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "snaturamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "snaturarsi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "s-",
"3": "natura",
"4": "-are",
"pos1": "pejorative prefix",
"pos3": "1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix",
"t2": "nature"
},
"expansion": "s- (pejorative prefix) + natura (“nature”) + -are (1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix)",
"name": "con"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- (pejorative prefix) + natura (“nature”) + -are (1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùro",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturài",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàto",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "it-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàndo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturànte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturavàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturavàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàsti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàmmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàrono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerémo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snatureréte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerànno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerésti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèbbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerébbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerémmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snatureréste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèbbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerébbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàsse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssimo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ù"
},
"expansion": "snaturàre (first-person singular present snatùro, first-person singular past historic snaturài, past participle snaturàto, auxiliary avére)",
"name": "it-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sna‧tu‧rà‧re"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ù"
},
"name": "it-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "natura"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "snaturatezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "snaturato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 37 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pervert the nature of, to corrupt, to distort"
],
"id": "en-snaturare-it-verb-ko8vC2le",
"links": [
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"distort",
"distort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pervert the nature of, to corrupt, to distort"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 37 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 45 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to deeply alter or modify"
],
"id": "en-snaturare-it-verb-FoZ7xF1f",
"links": [
[
"deeply",
"deeply"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
],
[
"modify",
"modify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, by extension) to deeply alter or modify"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 27 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 37 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 32 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian terms suffixed with -are",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 31 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian verbs ending in -are",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 15 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to misrepresent; to misinterpret"
],
"id": "en-snaturare-it-verb-XnWs4Qbh",
"links": [
[
"misrepresent",
"misrepresent"
],
[
"misinterpret",
"misinterpret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) to misrepresent; to misinterpret"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zna.tuˈra.re/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-are"
}
],
"word": "snaturare"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 4-syllable words",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Italian terms prefixed with s-",
"Italian terms suffixed with -are",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian verbs",
"Italian verbs ending in -are",
"Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/are",
"Rhymes:Italian/are/4 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "snaturamento"
},
{
"word": "snaturarsi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "s-",
"3": "natura",
"4": "-are",
"pos1": "pejorative prefix",
"pos3": "1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix",
"t2": "nature"
},
"expansion": "s- (pejorative prefix) + natura (“nature”) + -are (1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix)",
"name": "con"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- (pejorative prefix) + natura (“nature”) + -are (1ˢᵗ conjugation verbal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùro",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturài",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàto",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "it-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàndo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturànte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturavàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturavàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàvano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàsti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàmmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàrono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerémo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snatureréte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerànno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerésti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèbbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerébbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerémmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snatureréste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerèbbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturerébbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàsse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssimo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàssero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "snaturàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "snatùrino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ù"
},
"expansion": "snaturàre (first-person singular present snatùro, first-person singular past historic snaturài, past participle snaturàto, auxiliary avére)",
"name": "it-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sna‧tu‧rà‧re"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ù"
},
"name": "it-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "natura"
},
{
"word": "snaturatezza"
},
{
"word": "snaturato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pervert the nature of, to corrupt, to distort"
],
"links": [
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"distort",
"distort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pervert the nature of, to corrupt, to distort"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to deeply alter or modify"
],
"links": [
[
"deeply",
"deeply"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
],
[
"modify",
"modify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, by extension) to deeply alter or modify"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to misrepresent; to misinterpret"
],
"links": [
[
"misrepresent",
"misrepresent"
],
[
"misinterpret",
"misinterpret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) to misrepresent; to misinterpret"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zna.tuˈra.re/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-are"
}
],
"word": "snaturare"
}
Download raw JSONL data for snaturare meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.