See shrivel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "shrivel up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skryvla",
"t": "to wrinkle, shrivel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skrinkwaną",
"t": "to shrivel, shrink"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First recorded as shriveled (“shrivelled”), probably of North Germanic origin related to dialectal Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”); perhaps ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”) or *skrimpaną (“to shrink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shrivels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelling",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveling",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelled",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelled",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "shriveled",
"past2_qual": "US",
"past_qual": "UK",
"pres_ptc2": "shriveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US",
"pres_ptc_qual": "UK"
},
"expansion": "shrivel (third-person singular simple present shrivels, present participle (UK) shrivelling or (US) shriveling, simple past and past participle (UK) shrivelled or (US) shriveled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The plant shrivelled from lack of water.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collapse inward; to crumble."
],
"id": "en-shrivel-en-verb-4IQ7dl8X",
"links": [
[
"collapse",
"collapse"
],
[
"crumble",
"crumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To collapse inward; to crumble."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izsǎhvam",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "изсъхвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "marcir-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "assecar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "向內捲曲"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "向内卷曲"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "scvrknout se"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "zhroutit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "verschrompelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "romahtaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "se flétrir"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "murchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "afflosciarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "avvizzire"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "marceō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "tingongo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "menge"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "memenge"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "murchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "zgrčiti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "arrugarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "krympa"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "sjunka ihop"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "klaiks-"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "stāl-"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "quvramoq"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His fingers were shriveled from being in the bath for too long.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become wrinkled."
],
"id": "en-shrivel-en-verb-n-s1Lyyc",
"links": [
[
"wrinkled",
"wrinkled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become wrinkled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbrǎčkvam se",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "сбръчквам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "arrugar-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "起皺"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐzhòu",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "起皱"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "svraštit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "kurtistua"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "se rider"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "schrumpeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "verschrumpeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "raggrinzire"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "corrugarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "whakatārehe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "toronjidan",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "ترنجیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "smežurati se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "sparušiti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "arrugarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "skrumpna"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 5 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"_dis": "26 12 63",
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"_dis": "22 13 65",
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{
"_dis": "26 12 63",
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"_dis": "21 13 67",
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"_dis": "18 9 73",
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"_dis": "18 9 73",
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"_dis": "26 12 63",
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{
"_dis": "26 12 63",
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{
"_dis": "26 11 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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{
"_dis": "25 12 64",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "16 10 75",
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"_dis": "25 12 63",
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{
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"_dis": "26 12 63",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The hot sun shrivelled the leaves.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To draw into wrinkles."
],
"id": "en-shrivel-en-verb-LsWJqOZ2",
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To draw into wrinkles."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "arrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "弄皺"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nòngzhòu",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "弄皱"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "rider"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "arrugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "shrĭ'vəl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɹɪvəl/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shrivel.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/En-us-shrivel.ogg/En-us-shrivel.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/En-us-shrivel.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvəl"
}
],
"word": "shrivel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chinese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
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"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shrivel up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skryvla",
"t": "to wrinkle, shrivel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skrinkwaną",
"t": "to shrivel, shrink"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First recorded as shriveled (“shrivelled”), probably of North Germanic origin related to dialectal Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”); perhaps ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”) or *skrimpaną (“to shrink”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shrivels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelling",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveling",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelled",
"tags": [
"UK",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shrivelled",
"tags": [
"UK",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shriveled",
"tags": [
"US",
"past"
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}
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"pres_ptc2": "shriveling",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "US",
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},
"expansion": "shrivel (third-person singular simple present shrivels, present participle (UK) shrivelling or (US) shriveling, simple past and past participle (UK) shrivelled or (US) shriveled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The plant shrivelled from lack of water.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collapse inward; to crumble."
],
"links": [
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"collapse",
"collapse"
],
[
"crumble",
"crumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To collapse inward; to crumble."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His fingers were shriveled from being in the bath for too long.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become wrinkled."
],
"links": [
[
"wrinkled",
"wrinkled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become wrinkled."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The hot sun shrivelled the leaves.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To draw into wrinkles."
],
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To draw into wrinkles."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "shrĭ'vəl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɹɪvəl/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shrivel.ogg",
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izsǎhvam",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "изсъхвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "marcir-se"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "assecar-se"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "向內捲曲"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "向内卷曲"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "scvrknout se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "zhroutit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "verschrompelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "romahtaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "se flétrir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "murchar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "afflosciarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "avvizzire"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "marceō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "tingongo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "menge"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "memenge"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "murchar"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "zgrčiti se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "arrugarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "krympa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "sjunka ihop"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "klaiks-"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "stāl-"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "collapse inward",
"word": "quvramoq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbrǎčkvam se",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "сбръчквам се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "arrugar-se"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "起皺"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qǐzhòu",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "起皱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "svraštit se"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "kurtistua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "se rider"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "schrumpeln"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "verschrumpeln"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "raggrinzire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "corrugarsi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "whakatārehe"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "toronjidan",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "ترنجیدن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "smežurati se"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "sparušiti se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "arrugarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "become wrinkled",
"word": "skrumpna"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "arrugar"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "弄皺"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nòngzhòu",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "弄皱"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "rider"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "arrugar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "draw into wrinkles",
"word": "enrugar"
}
],
"word": "shrivel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for shrivel meaning in All languages combined (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.