"rethe" meaning in All languages combined

See rethe on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /riːð/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rethe.wav Forms: rether [comparative], more rethe [comparative], rethest [superlative], most rethe [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|reth}} Middle English reth, {{inh|en|ang|rēþe|t=fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire}} Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*rōþī}} Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*rōþijaz|t=wild}} Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*rey-}} Proto-Indo-European *rey-, {{cog|sco|reithe}} Scots reithe, {{cog|goh|ruod||a roar}} Old High German ruod (“a roar”), {{cog|gmh|rüeden||to be noisy}} Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), {{cog|bar|rüeden||to be noisy, roar, be in heat}} Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”) Head templates: {{en-adj|er|more}} rethe (comparative rether or more rethe, superlative rethest or most rethe)
  1. (Now chiefly dialectal) (of persons) Fierce; cruel; savage; stern; zealous; ardent; keen.
    Sense id: en-rethe-en-adj-GnACL988 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 75 25 0 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 88 12 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 89 11 0
  2. (Now chiefly dialectal) (of things) Terrible; dreadful; severe.
    Sense id: en-rethe-en-adj-lNx0kCzO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: reth, reithe, retht [Scotland] Derived forms: retheness

Adverb [English]

IPA: /riːð/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rethe.wav Forms: rether [comparative], more rethe [comparative], rethest [superlative], most rethe [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|reth}} Middle English reth, {{inh|en|ang|rēþe|t=fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire}} Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*rōþī}} Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*rōþijaz|t=wild}} Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*rey-}} Proto-Indo-European *rey-, {{cog|sco|reithe}} Scots reithe, {{cog|goh|ruod||a roar}} Old High German ruod (“a roar”), {{cog|gmh|rüeden||to be noisy}} Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), {{cog|bar|rüeden||to be noisy, roar, be in heat}} Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”) Head templates: {{en-adv|er|more}} rethe (comparative rether or more rethe, superlative rethest or most rethe)
  1. (Now chiefly dialectal) Furiously; violently; wildly.
    Sense id: en-rethe-en-adv-mFmmHkjr
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: reth, reithe, retht [Scotland]

Adjective [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective}} rethe
  1. Alternative form of reth Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: reth
    Sense id: en-rethe-enm-adj-qsskPENe Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries
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    },
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      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rōþī",
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
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      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*rey-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rey-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "reithe"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots reithe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ruod",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ruod (“a roar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy, roar, be in heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”).",
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        "comparative"
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      "form": "more rethe",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
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      "form": "rethest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
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  "senses": [
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          "_dis": "75 25 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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          "_dis": "89 11 0",
          "kind": "other",
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(of persons) Fierce; cruel; savage; stern; zealous; ardent; keen."
      ],
      "id": "en-rethe-en-adj-GnACL988",
      "links": [
        [
          "Fierce",
          "fierce"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "savage",
          "savage"
        ],
        [
          "stern",
          "stern"
        ],
        [
          "zealous",
          "zealous"
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        [
          "ardent",
          "ardent"
        ],
        [
          "keen",
          "keen"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
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        "(Now chiefly dialectal) (of persons) Fierce; cruel; savage; stern; zealous; ardent; keen."
      ]
    },
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      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "(of things) Terrible; dreadful; severe."
      ],
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          "terrible"
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          "dreadful",
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          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Now chiefly dialectal) (of things) Terrible; dreadful; severe."
      ]
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  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/riːð/"
    },
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      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rethe.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav.mp3",
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  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reth"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reithe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ],
      "word": "retht"
    }
  ],
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}

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      "expansion": "Scots reithe",
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      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
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        "3": "",
        "4": "a roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ruod (“a roar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy, roar, be in heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "rether",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
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    },
    {
      "form": "more rethe",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rethest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most rethe",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
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  "lang_code": "en",
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  "senses": [
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      "glosses": [
        "Furiously; violently; wildly."
      ],
      "id": "en-rethe-en-adv-mFmmHkjr",
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          "Furiously",
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          "violently",
          "violently"
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          "wildly",
          "wildly"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Now chiefly dialectal) Furiously; violently; wildly."
      ]
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  "sounds": [
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      "ipa": "/riːð/"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reth"
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      "word": "reithe"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
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    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
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      "name": "cog"
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      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ruod",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a roar"
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      "expansion": "Old High German ruod (“a roar”)",
      "name": "cog"
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      "name": "cog"
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        "4": "to be noisy, roar, be in heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”).",
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      "form": "more rethe",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
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    },
    {
      "form": "rethest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most rethe",
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        "superlative"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(of persons) Fierce; cruel; savage; stern; zealous; ardent; keen."
      ],
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          "fierce"
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          "ardent"
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          "keen",
          "keen"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Now chiefly dialectal) (of persons) Fierce; cruel; savage; stern; zealous; ardent; keen."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(of things) Terrible; dreadful; severe."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Terrible",
          "terrible"
        ],
        [
          "dreadful",
          "dreadful"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Now chiefly dialectal) (of things) Terrible; dreadful; severe."
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "ipa": "/riːð/"
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    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rethe.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "reth"
    },
    {
      "word": "reithe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ],
      "word": "retht"
    }
  ],
  "word": "rethe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English adverbs",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "reth"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English reth",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rēþe",
        "t": "fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*rōþī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rōþī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rōþijaz",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*rey-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rey-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "reithe"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots reithe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ruod",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ruod (“a roar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "rüeden",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be noisy, roar, be in heat"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English reth, rethe, from Old English rēþe (“fierce, cruel, savage, severe, stern, austere, zealous, wild, dire”), from Proto-West Germanic *rōþī, from Proto-Germanic *rōþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey-, *rēy- (“to scream, shout, roar, bellow, bark, growl”). Cognate with Scots reithe, reythe, reth (“rethe”), Old High German ruod (“a roar”), Middle High German rüeden (“to be noisy”), Bavarian rüeden (“to be noisy, roar, be in heat”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rether",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more rethe",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rethest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most rethe",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "rethe (comparative rether or more rethe, superlative rethest or most rethe)",
      "name": "en-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Furiously; violently; wildly."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Furiously",
          "furiously"
        ],
        [
          "violently",
          "violently"
        ],
        [
          "wildly",
          "wildly"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Now chiefly dialectal",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Now chiefly dialectal) Furiously; violently; wildly."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/riːð/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rethe.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rethe.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "reth"
    },
    {
      "word": "reithe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ],
      "word": "retht"
    }
  ],
  "word": "rethe"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "rethe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "reth"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Middle English adjectives",
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of reth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reth",
          "reth#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "rethe"
}

Download raw JSONL data for rethe meaning in All languages combined (8.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.