See pugio on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pugio meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pūgiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugios",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugio (plural pugios)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "en:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [
"Ancient Africa",
"Ancient Europe",
"Ancient history",
"Ancient Near East",
"History of Italy",
"History of Africa",
"History of Europe",
"History",
"Ancient Asia",
"Italy",
"Africa",
"Europe",
"All topics",
"History of Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Asia",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "en:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 34",
"text": "The Pugio or Dagger was used by the Romans, a species of that weapon called the Hand Seax was worn by the Saxons, with which they massacred the English on Salisbury Plain in 476.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans."
],
"id": "en-pugio-en-noun-sm4Xq6ix",
"links": [
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
],
[
"poignard",
"poignard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pūgiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugio m (plural pugi)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pù‧gio"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pugio"
],
"id": "en-pugio-it-noun-rt2dsPoN",
"links": [
[
"pugio",
"pugio#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
],
"word": "pugione"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udʒo"
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugio",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pugio (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pugio (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugio",
"alts": "1",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pugio, pugione (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pugio, pugione (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "פגיון",
"lbor": "1",
"tr": "pigyón"
},
"expansion": "→ Hebrew: פגיון (pigyón) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hebrew: פגיון (pigyón) (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-, same source as Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūgiō<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pūgiō m (genitive pūgiōnis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūgiō<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "la:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pūgiunculus"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Many, who had struggled on to the walls, with their daggers they stabbed.",
"ref": "c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Histories 4.29",
"text": "multōs in moenia ēgressōs pūgiōnibus fodere."
},
{
"ref": "86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 14.33",
"roman": "strīdentem gelidīs hunc Salo tīnxit aquīs.",
"text": "Pūgio, quem curvā signat brevis orbita vēnā,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dagger"
],
"id": "en-pugio-la-noun-jI2wg4Fv",
"links": [
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuː.ɡi.oː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːɡioː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒi.o/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒio]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pūgiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugios",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugio (plural pugios)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Ancient Rome",
"en:Weapons"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 34",
"text": "The Pugio or Dagger was used by the Romans, a species of that weapon called the Hand Seax was worn by the Saxons, with which they massacred the English on Salisbury Plain in 476.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans."
],
"links": [
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
],
[
"poignard",
"poignard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūgiō"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin pūgiō",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pūgiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugio m (plural pugi)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pù‧gio"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/udʒo",
"Rhymes:Italian/udʒo/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"pugio"
],
"links": [
[
"pugio",
"pugio#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udʒo"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"rare"
],
"word": "pugione"
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pūgiunculus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugio",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pugio (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pugio (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugio",
"alts": "1",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pugio, pugione (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pugio, pugione (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "פגיון",
"lbor": "1",
"tr": "pigyón"
},
"expansion": "→ Hebrew: פגיון (pigyón) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hebrew: פגיון (pigyón) (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-, same source as Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pūgiōnēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūgiō<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pūgiō m (genitive pūgiōnis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūgiō<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations",
"la:Weapons"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Many, who had struggled on to the walls, with their daggers they stabbed.",
"ref": "c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Histories 4.29",
"text": "multōs in moenia ēgressōs pūgiōnibus fodere."
},
{
"ref": "86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 14.33",
"roman": "strīdentem gelidīs hunc Salo tīnxit aquīs.",
"text": "Pūgio, quem curvā signat brevis orbita vēnā,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dagger"
],
"links": [
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuː.ɡi.oː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːɡioː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒi.o/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒio]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugio"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.