"publicus" meaning in All languages combined

See publicus on Wiktionary

Adjective [Latin]

IPA: /ˈpuː.bli.kus/ [Classical], [ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈpu.bli.kus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpuːblikus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin. The change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-). Etymology templates: {{der|la|itc-ola|poplicus}} Old Latin poplicus, {{der|la|itc-ola|poplus}} Old Latin poplus, {{cog|la|populus||the people}} Latin populus (“the people”), {{der|la|itc-pro|*poplos|t=army}} Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), {{m|la|pūbēs|t=adult population; puberty; genitals}} pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”) Head templates: {{la-adj|pūblicus}} pūblicus (feminine pūblica, neuter pūblicum); first/second-declension adjective Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|pūblicus}} Forms: pūblicus [canonical], pūblica [feminine], pūblicum [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], pūblicus [masculine, nominative, singular], pūblica [feminine, nominative, singular], pūblicum [neuter, nominative, singular], pūblicī [masculine, nominative, plural], pūblicae [feminine, nominative, plural], pūblica [neuter, nominative, plural], pūblicī [genitive, masculine, singular], pūblicae [feminine, genitive, singular], pūblicī [genitive, neuter, singular], pūblicōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], pūblicārum [feminine, genitive, plural], pūblicōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], pūblicō [dative, masculine, singular], pūblicae [dative, feminine, singular], pūblicō [dative, neuter, singular], pūblicīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], pūblicum [accusative, masculine, singular], pūblicam [accusative, feminine, singular], pūblicum [accusative, neuter, singular], pūblicōs [accusative, masculine, plural], pūblicās [accusative, feminine, plural], pūblica [accusative, neuter, plural], pūblicō [ablative, masculine, singular], pūblicā [ablative, feminine, singular], pūblicō [ablative, neuter, singular], pūblicīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], pūblice [masculine, singular, vocative], pūblica [feminine, singular, vocative], pūblicum [neuter, singular, vocative], pūblicī [masculine, plural, vocative], pūblicae [feminine, plural, vocative], pūblica [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. of or belonging to the people, state, or community Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2
    Sense id: en-publicus-la-adj-31UCaEYj
  2. public, general Tags: adjective, declension-1, declension-2 Synonyms (public): forēnsis
    Sense id: en-publicus-la-adj-zC2IIvMu Disambiguation of 'public': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: poublicos [Early, Latin] Derived forms: pūblica, pūblicē, pūblicitus, pūblicum, rēspūblica, vīcus pūblicus Related terms: populus

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /ˈpuː.bli.kus/ [Classical], [ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈpu.bli.kus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpuːblikus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin. The change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-). Etymology templates: {{der|la|itc-ola|poplicus}} Old Latin poplicus, {{der|la|itc-ola|poplus}} Old Latin poplus, {{cog|la|populus||the people}} Latin populus (“the people”), {{der|la|itc-pro|*poplos|t=army}} Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), {{m|la|pūbēs|t=adult population; puberty; genitals}} pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”) Head templates: {{la-noun|pūblicus<2>}} pūblicus m (genitive pūblicī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|pūblicus<2>}} Forms: pūblicus [canonical, masculine], pūblicī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], pūblicus [nominative, singular], pūblicī [nominative, plural], pūblicī [genitive, singular], pūblicōrum [genitive, plural], pūblicō [dative, singular], pūblicīs [dative, plural], pūblicum [accusative, singular], pūblicōs [accusative, plural], pūblicō [ablative, singular], pūblicīs [ablative, plural], pūblice [singular, vocative], pūblicī [plural, vocative]
  1. a public officer, magistrate Tags: declension-2
    Sense id: en-publicus-la-noun-XB0gTyyF Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 4 1 95 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 28 6 66
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: poublicos [Early, Latin]

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for publicus meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pūblica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pūblicē"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pūblicitus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pūblicum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rēspūblica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vīcus pūblicus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Inherited:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "plóvi",
            "t": "socage"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: plóvi (“socage”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: plóvi (“socage”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "piuvico"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: piuvico",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: piuvico"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "prubbeco"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: prubbeco",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: prubbeco"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "prúbbicu",
            "3": "púbblicu",
            "4": "púbbricu",
            "5": "plúbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: prúbbicu, púbblicu, púbbricu, plúbicu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Old Logudorese"
          },
          "expansion": "(Old Logudorese)",
          "name": "qual"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "frúbbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "frúbbicu",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: prúbbicu, púbblicu, púbbricu, plúbicu (Old Logudorese), frúbbicu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "prùbbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: prùbbicu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pùbbricu"
          },
          "expansion": "pùbbricu",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pùbblicu"
          },
          "expansion": "pùbblicu",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: prùbbicu, pùbbricu, pùbblicu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "pyóvego"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: pyóvego",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Vicentine"
          },
          "expansion": "(Vicentine)",
          "name": "qual"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: pyóvego (Vicentine)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowed:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "públic",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: públic",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: públic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "publiek",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: publiek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: publiek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: público"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pubblico",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: pubblico",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: pubblico"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: público"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "публика",
            "3": "публичный",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: публика (publika), публичный (publičnyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: публика (publika), публичный (publičnyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: público"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplicus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplicus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "populus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the people"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin populus (“the people”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*poplos",
        "t": "army"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pūbēs",
        "t": "adult population; puberty; genitals"
      },
      "expansion": "pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin.\nThe change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblice",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus"
      },
      "expansion": "pūblicus (feminine pūblica, neuter pūblicum); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "populus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The former are engaged in things sacred, conduct the public and the private sacrifices, and interpret all matters of religion.",
          "ref": "58-49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico, VI.13.4",
          "text": "Illi rebus divinis intersunt, sacrificia publica ac privata procurant, religiones interpretantur."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of or belonging to the people, state, or community"
      ],
      "id": "en-publicus-la-adj-31UCaEYj",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "public, general"
      ],
      "id": "en-publicus-la-adj-zC2IIvMu",
      "links": [
        [
          "public",
          "public"
        ],
        [
          "general",
          "general"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "sense": "public",
          "word": "forēnsis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuː.bli.kus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpu.bli.kus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblikus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Early",
        "Latin"
      ],
      "word": "poublicos"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "publicus"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplicus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplicus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "populus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the people"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin populus (“the people”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*poplos",
        "t": "army"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pūbēs",
        "t": "adult population; puberty; genitals"
      },
      "expansion": "pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin.\nThe change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblice",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "pūblicus m (genitive pūblicī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 1 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 6 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a public officer, magistrate"
      ],
      "id": "en-publicus-la-noun-XB0gTyyF",
      "links": [
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ],
        [
          "magistrate",
          "magistrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuː.bli.kus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpu.bli.kus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblikus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Early",
        "Latin"
      ],
      "word": "poublicos"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "publicus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pūblica"
    },
    {
      "word": "pūblicē"
    },
    {
      "word": "pūblicitus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pūblicum"
    },
    {
      "word": "rēspūblica"
    },
    {
      "word": "vīcus pūblicus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Inherited:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "plóvi",
            "t": "socage"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: plóvi (“socage”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: plóvi (“socage”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "piuvico"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: piuvico",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: piuvico"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nap",
            "2": "prubbeco"
          },
          "expansion": "Neapolitan: prubbeco",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Neapolitan: prubbeco"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "prúbbicu",
            "3": "púbblicu",
            "4": "púbbricu",
            "5": "plúbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: prúbbicu, púbblicu, púbbricu, plúbicu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Old Logudorese"
          },
          "expansion": "(Old Logudorese)",
          "name": "qual"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "frúbbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "frúbbicu",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: prúbbicu, púbblicu, púbbricu, plúbicu (Old Logudorese), frúbbicu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "prùbbicu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: prùbbicu",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pùbbricu"
          },
          "expansion": "pùbbricu",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "pùbblicu"
          },
          "expansion": "pùbblicu",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: prùbbicu, pùbbricu, pùbblicu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "pyóvego"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: pyóvego",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Vicentine"
          },
          "expansion": "(Vicentine)",
          "name": "qual"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: pyóvego (Vicentine)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowed:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "públic",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: públic",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: públic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "publiek",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: publiek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: publiek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: público"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pubblico",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: pubblico",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: pubblico"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: público"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "public",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: public",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: public"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "публика",
            "3": "публичный",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: публика (publika), публичный (publičnyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: публика (publika), публичный (publičnyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "público",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: público",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: público"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplicus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplicus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "populus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the people"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin populus (“the people”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*poplos",
        "t": "army"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pūbēs",
        "t": "adult population; puberty; genitals"
      },
      "expansion": "pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin.\nThe change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblice",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblica",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus"
      },
      "expansion": "pūblicus (feminine pūblica, neuter pūblicum); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "populus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The former are engaged in things sacred, conduct the public and the private sacrifices, and interpret all matters of religion.",
          "ref": "58-49 BCE, Gaius Julius Caesar, De Bello Gallico, VI.13.4",
          "text": "Illi rebus divinis intersunt, sacrificia publica ac privata procurant, religiones interpretantur."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of or belonging to the people, state, or community"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "public, general"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "public",
          "public"
        ],
        [
          "general",
          "general"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuː.bli.kus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpu.bli.kus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblikus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "public",
      "word": "forēnsis"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Early",
        "Latin"
      ],
      "word": "poublicos"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "publicus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplicus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplicus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-ola",
        "3": "poplus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Latin poplus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "populus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the people"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin populus (“the people”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*poplos",
        "t": "army"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pūbēs",
        "t": "adult population; puberty; genitals"
      },
      "expansion": "pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Latin poplicus, from Old Latin poplus, which became Latin populus (“the people”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), of unknown origin.\nThe change from -ŏp- to -ūb- is traditionally explained as paronymic attraction to pūbēs (“adult population; puberty; genitals”). An alternative explanation is that it is a regular sound change, divisible into two steps: voicing of -p-, then breaking of -o- to -ou- (subsequently monophthongized to -ū-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblice",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pūblicī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "pūblicus m (genitive pūblicī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pūblicus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a public officer, magistrate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ],
        [
          "magistrate",
          "magistrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuː.bli.kus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblʲɪkʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpu.bli.kus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuːblikus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Early",
        "Latin"
      ],
      "word": "poublicos"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "publicus"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.