See proliferate on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from proliferation",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from proliferation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "proliferates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "proliferate (third-person singular simple present proliferates, present participle proliferating, simple past and past participle proliferated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "proliferative"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flowers proliferated rapidly all spring.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:",
"text": "When no certain cure exists, quack remedies tend to proliferate and the history of quackery and secret cures is full of extraordinary forms of treatment for the various arthritic disorders.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:",
"text": "But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 50:",
"text": "After decades of the type of mismanagement that proliferated across all the nationalised industries, the government was already aware that British Railways was in deep trouble.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply."
],
"id": "en-proliferate-en-verb-FUHSTbO1",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"multiply",
"multiply"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "proliferous"
},
{
"word": "prolific"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razprostranjavam se",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "разпространявам се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīzēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "激增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "劇增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jùzēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "剧增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "擴散"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kuòsàn",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "扩散"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngshēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "增生"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngzhí",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "增殖"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "snel vermenigvuldigen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to increase in number",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "lisääntyä nopeasti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "levitä nopeasti"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "sich ausbreiten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "sich vermehren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of news",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "koke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "whakaranea"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "proliferar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmnožátʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размножа́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to multiply",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmnóžitʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "размно́житься"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranjátʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распространя́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranítʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "распространи́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranjátʹ",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распространя́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranítʹ",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "распространи́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "пролифери́рати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "proliferírati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "proliferar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈlɪf.əɹ.eɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "proliferate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "85 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of proliferare:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"id": "en-proliferate-it-verb-7ajbvior",
"links": [
[
"proliferare",
"proliferare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of proliferare:",
"second-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-proliferate-it-verb-AR-a2RII",
"links": [
[
"proliferare",
"proliferare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "past participle form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "proliferate f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of proliferato"
],
"id": "en-proliferate-it-verb-3uvoWKB3",
"links": [
[
"proliferato",
"proliferato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "proliferate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular voseo imperative of proliferar combined with te"
],
"id": "en-proliferate-es-verb-Qqn2W5wl",
"links": [
[
"proliferar",
"proliferar#Spanish"
],
[
"te",
"te#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "proliferative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from proliferation",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from proliferation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "proliferates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "proliferated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "proliferate (third-person singular simple present proliferates, present participle proliferating, simple past and past participle proliferated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "proliferous"
},
{
"word": "prolific"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The flowers proliferated rapidly all spring.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:",
"text": "When no certain cure exists, quack remedies tend to proliferate and the history of quackery and secret cures is full of extraordinary forms of treatment for the various arthritic disorders.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:",
"text": "But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 50:",
"text": "After decades of the type of mismanagement that proliferated across all the nationalised industries, the government was already aware that British Railways was in deep trouble.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"multiply",
"multiply"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈlɪf.əɹ.eɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-proliferate.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razprostranjavam se",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "разпространявам се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīzēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "激增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "劇增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jùzēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "剧增"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "擴散"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kuòsàn",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "扩散"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngshēng",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "增生"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngzhí",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "增殖"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "snel vermenigvuldigen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to increase in number",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "lisääntyä nopeasti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "levitä nopeasti"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "sich ausbreiten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "sich vermehren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of news",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "koke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "whakaranea"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "proliferar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmnožátʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "размножа́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to multiply",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmnóžitʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "размно́житься"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranjátʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распространя́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranítʹsja",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "распространи́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranjátʹ",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распространя́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "to spread",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasprostranítʹ",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"word": "распространи́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "пролифери́рати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "proliferírati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to increase in number or spread",
"word": "proliferar"
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "proliferate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of proliferare:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"proliferare",
"proliferare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of proliferare:",
"second-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"proliferare",
"proliferare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "past participle form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "proliferate f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of proliferato"
],
"links": [
[
"proliferato",
"proliferato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "proliferate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "proliferar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular voseo imperative of proliferar combined with te"
],
"links": [
[
"proliferar",
"proliferar#Spanish"
],
[
"te",
"te#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
}
],
"word": "proliferate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for proliferate meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.