See pollard on Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From poll (“head, scalp”) + -ard. The coin sense derives from the original penny's uncrowned obverse bust, as opposed to the laurel-wreathed form appearing on the rosary. The verb derives from the noun.",
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"ref": "1857, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in What will He Do with It? (Collection of British Authors; CCCCVII), Tauchnitz edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, →OCLC, book II, page 140:",
"text": "The enclosure was indeed little beyond that of a good-sized paddock – its boundaries were visible on every side – but swelling uplands, covered with massy foliage sloped down to its wild irregular turf soil – soil poor for pasturage, but pleasant to the eye; with dell and dingle, bosks of fantastic pollards – dotted oaks of vast growth – here and there a weird hollow thorn-tree – patches of fern and gorse.",
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{
"ref": "1869, Richard Doddridge Blackmore, “Chapter 65”, in Lorna Doone:",
"text": "Only a little pollard hedge kept us from their blood-shot eyes.",
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{
"ref": "1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 98:",
"text": "Nothing was to be seen save flat meadows, cows feeding unconcernedly for the most part, and silvery pollard willows motionless in the warm sunlight.",
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{
"ref": "1903, Howard Pyle, The Story of King Arthur and His Knights, Part III, Chapter Third, page 116",
"text": "And at this place there was a long, straight causeway, with two long rows of pollard willows, one upon either hand."
}
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"(often attributive) A pruned tree; the wood of such trees."
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"text": "As well as coppicing, other trees were pollarded, or lopped about 6 ft up the trunk so that the resulting growth was beyond the reach of grazing animals. Pollarding lengthens the life of trees, and the frequently made estimate '1,000 years old' could well be true of some sturdy old trunks.",
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"ref": "2019, Ian McEwan, Machines Like Me, Jonathan Cape, page 287:",
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"ref": "1857, Pisistratus Caxton [pseudonym; Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter I, in What will He Do with It? (Collection of British Authors; CCCCVII), Tauchnitz edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, →OCLC, book II, page 140:",
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"ref": "1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 98:",
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"Australia"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A 13th-century European coin minted as a debased counterfeit of the sterling silver penny of Edward I of England, at first legally accepted as a halfpenny and then outlawed."
],
"links": [
[
"numismatics",
"numismatics"
],
[
"mint",
"mint"
],
[
"debase",
"debase"
],
[
"counterfeit",
"counterfeit"
],
[
"sterling",
"sterling"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
],
[
"penny",
"penny"
],
[
"at first",
"at first"
],
[
"halfpenny",
"halfpenny"
],
[
"outlaw",
"outlaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(numismatics, historical) A 13th-century European coin minted as a debased counterfeit of the sterling silver penny of Edward I of England, at first legally accepted as a halfpenny and then outlawed."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"numismatics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒl.əd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.lɚd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pollard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/En-us-pollard.ogg/En-us-pollard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/En-us-pollard.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-pollard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-au-pollard.ogg/En-au-pollard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-au-pollard.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pruned tree",
"word": "karsittu puu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hornless variety of domestic animal",
"word": "nupopää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hornless variety of domestic animal",
"word": "nutipää"
}
],
"word": "pollard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -ard",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"en:Animal foods",
"en:Cervids",
"en:Coins",
"en:Grains",
"en:Historical currencies",
"en:History of Europe",
"en:History of the United Kingdom",
"en:Leuciscine fish",
"en:Livestock",
"en:Male animals",
"en:Trees",
"en:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "poll#Etymology_1",
"3": "-ard",
"t1": "head, scalp"
},
"expansion": "poll (“head, scalp”) + -ard",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From poll (“head, scalp”) + -ard. The coin sense derives from the original penny's uncrowned obverse bust, as opposed to the laurel-wreathed form appearing on the rosary. The verb derives from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pollards",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pollarding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pollarded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pollarded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pollard (third-person singular simple present pollards, present participle pollarding, simple past and past participle pollarded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Horticulture"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1910, Edward Morgan Forster, chapter 11, in Howards End:",
"text": "I didn't know one could pollard elms. I thought one only pollarded willows.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 118:",
"text": "As well as coppicing, other trees were pollarded, or lopped about 6 ft up the trunk so that the resulting growth was beyond the reach of grazing animals. Pollarding lengthens the life of trees, and the frequently made estimate '1,000 years old' could well be true of some sturdy old trunks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Edward F. Gilman, An Illustrated Guide to Pruning, 3rd edition, Clifton Park, N.Y.: Delmar, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 411:",
"text": "Cutting back to the same position annually is usually referred to as pollarding; cutting nearly to the ground is usually called stooling. Both are good methods of controlling height and maintaining vigor on plants that would normally grow to a large size.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Ian McEwan, Machines Like Me, Jonathan Cape, page 287:",
"text": "I walked up the path, passing under a heavily pollarded oak.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prune a tree heavily, cutting branches back to the trunk, so that it produces dense new growth."
],
"links": [
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"prune",
"prune"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(horticulture) To prune a tree heavily, cutting branches back to the trunk, so that it produces dense new growth."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒl.əd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.lɚd/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pollard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/En-us-pollard.ogg/En-us-pollard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/En-us-pollard.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-pollard.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/En-au-pollard.ogg/En-au-pollard.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/En-au-pollard.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kastrja",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "кастря"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "latvoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "trogne"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "fradar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "demoucar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "decotar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to prune",
"word": "cepar"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kastri",
"sense": "to prune",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кастри"
}
],
"word": "pollard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pollard meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.