"perestrojka" meaning in All languages combined

See perestrojka on Wiktionary

Noun [Czech]

IPA: [ˈpɛrɛstrojka]
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”). Etymology templates: {{bor+|cs|ru|перестро́йка||restructuring}} Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”) Head templates: {{cs-noun|f}} perestrojka f Inflection templates: {{cs-ndecl|f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], perestrojka [nominative, singular], perestrojky [nominative, plural], perestrojky [genitive, singular], perestrojek [genitive, plural], perestrojce [dative, singular], perestrojkám [dative, plural], perestrojku [accusative, singular], perestrojky [accusative, plural], perestrojko [singular, vocative], perestrojky [plural, vocative], perestrojce [locative, singular], perestrojkách [locative, plural], perestrojkou [instrumental, singular], perestrojkami [instrumental, plural]
  1. perestroika Tags: feminine Synonyms: přestavba

Noun [Danish]

Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], perestrojka [indefinite, nominative, singular], perestrojkaen [definite, nominative, singular], perestrojkas [genitive, indefinite, singular], perestrojkaens [definite, genitive, singular]
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian перестройка (perestrojka). Etymology templates: {{bor|da|ru|перестройка}} Russian перестройка (perestrojka) Head templates: {{head|da|noun||{{{1}}}||{{{sg-def-2}}}||||perestrojka||{{{pl-indef-2}}}||{{{pl-indef-3}}}||{{{com}}}|f1accel-form=def|s|f4accel-form=indef|p|g=|g2=|head=}} perestrojka, {{da-noun}} perestrojka Inflection templates: {{da-decl|en|n=sg}}, {{da-noun-infl-unc-base|g=c|gen-pl-def=perestrojkaenes|gen-pl-def-2=|gen-pl-def-3=|gen-pl-indef=perestrojkas|gen-pl-indef-2=|gen-sg-def=perestrojkaens|gen-sg-def-2=|gen-sg-indef=perestrojkas|gen-sg-indef-2=|gen-sg-indef-3=|pl-def=perestrojkaene|pl-def-2=|pl-def-3=|pl-indef=perestrojka|pl-indef-2=|pl-indef-3=|sg-def=perestrojkaen|sg-def-2=|sg-indef=perestrojka}}
  1. perestroika
    Sense id: en-perestrojka-da-noun-poT3wpJd Categories (other): Danish entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [English]

Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} perestrojka (uncountable)
  1. Alternative form of perestroika (political senses) Tags: alt-of, alternative, uncountable Alternative form of: perestroika (extra: political senses)
    Sense id: en-perestrojka-en-noun-1M2OqXwG Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [Italian]

IPA: /pe.reˈstrɔj.ka/
Rhymes: -ɔjka Etymology: Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”). Etymology templates: {{bor+|it|ru|перестро́йка||restructuring}} Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”) Head templates: {{head|it|noun|g=f}} perestrojka f
  1. perestroika Wikipedia link: it:perestrojka Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-perestrojka-it-noun-poT3wpJd Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "political senses",
          "word": "perestroika"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of perestroika (political senses)"
      ],
      "id": "en-perestrojka-en-noun-1M2OqXwG",
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkách",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka f",
      "name": "cs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech nouns with reducible stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "id": "en-perestrojka-cs-noun-poT3wpJd",
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "přestavba"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛrɛstrojka]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестройка"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перестройка (perestrojka)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестройка (perestrojka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "da-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkaen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkaens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "10": "perestrojka",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{com}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f1accel-form": "def|s",
        "f4accel-form": "indef|p",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "perestrojka",
      "name": "da-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "n": "sg"
      },
      "name": "da-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "c",
        "gen-pl-def": "perestrojkaenes",
        "gen-pl-def-2": "",
        "gen-pl-def-3": "",
        "gen-pl-indef": "perestrojkas",
        "gen-pl-indef-2": "",
        "gen-sg-def": "perestrojkaens",
        "gen-sg-def-2": "",
        "gen-sg-indef": "perestrojkas",
        "gen-sg-indef-2": "",
        "gen-sg-indef-3": "",
        "pl-def": "perestrojkaene",
        "pl-def-2": "",
        "pl-def-3": "",
        "pl-indef": "perestrojka",
        "pl-indef-2": "",
        "pl-indef-3": "",
        "sg-def": "perestrojkaen",
        "sg-def-2": "",
        "sg-indef": "perestrojka"
      },
      "name": "da-noun-infl-unc-base"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Danish",
  "lang_code": "da",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "id": "en-perestrojka-da-noun-poT3wpJd",
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧re‧stròj‧ka"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "id": "en-perestrojka-it-noun-poT3wpJd",
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "it:perestrojka"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.reˈstrɔj.ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔjka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkách",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka f",
      "name": "cs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "name": "cs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
        "Czech feminine nouns",
        "Czech hard feminine nouns",
        "Czech lemmas",
        "Czech nouns",
        "Czech nouns with reducible stem",
        "Czech terms borrowed from Russian",
        "Czech terms derived from Russian",
        "Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "přestavba"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛrɛstrojka]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестройка"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перестройка (perestrojka)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестройка (perestrojka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "da-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkaen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perestrojkaens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "10": "perestrojka",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{com}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "f1accel-form": "def|s",
        "f4accel-form": "indef|p",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "perestrojka",
      "name": "da-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "n": "sg"
      },
      "name": "da-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "c",
        "gen-pl-def": "perestrojkaenes",
        "gen-pl-def-2": "",
        "gen-pl-def-3": "",
        "gen-pl-indef": "perestrojkas",
        "gen-pl-indef-2": "",
        "gen-sg-def": "perestrojkaens",
        "gen-sg-def-2": "",
        "gen-sg-indef": "perestrojkas",
        "gen-sg-indef-2": "",
        "gen-sg-indef-3": "",
        "pl-def": "perestrojkaene",
        "pl-def-2": "",
        "pl-def-3": "",
        "pl-indef": "perestrojka",
        "pl-indef-2": "",
        "pl-indef-3": "",
        "sg-def": "perestrojkaen",
        "sg-def-2": "",
        "sg-indef": "perestrojka"
      },
      "name": "da-noun-infl-unc-base"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Danish",
  "lang_code": "da",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Danish lemmas",
        "Danish nouns",
        "Danish terms borrowed from Russian",
        "Danish terms derived from Russian",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "political senses",
          "word": "perestroika"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of perestroika (political senses)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "перестро́йка",
        "4": "",
        "5": "restructuring"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perestrojka f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧re‧stròj‧ka"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian 4-syllable words",
        "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Italian feminine nouns",
        "Italian lemmas",
        "Italian nouns",
        "Italian terms borrowed from Russian",
        "Italian terms derived from Russian",
        "Italian terms spelled with J",
        "Italian terms spelled with K",
        "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Italian/ɔjka",
        "Rhymes:Italian/ɔjka/4 syllables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perestroika"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perestroika",
          "perestroika"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "it:perestrojka"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pe.reˈstrɔj.ka/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔjka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perestrojka"
}

Download raw JSONL data for perestrojka meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.