See pečalь on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "mourned, grieved",
"word": "opečalěnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "sorrowful, traumatic, tragic",
"word": "pečalьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "gain, profit",
"word": "pečalьba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to profit, to gain a reward",
"word": "pečaliti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "печаль"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: печаль (pečalĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: печаль (pečalĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: печа́ль (pječálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: печа́ль (pječálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "печаль"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: печаль (pečalĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: печаль (pečalĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "печа́л",
"3": "пе́чал",
"t": "sorrow, sadness",
"t2": "gain, profit"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál, “sorrow, sadness”), пе́чал (péčal, “gain, profit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál, “sorrow, sadness”), пе́чал (péčal, “gain, profit”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "печал"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: печал (pečal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: печал (pečal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "печаљ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: печаљ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: печаљ (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "pečalj",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: pečalj",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: pečalj (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "реčа̑l"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: реčа̑l",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: реčа̑l"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*peťi",
"3": "*-ělь",
"alt1": "*pekti",
"t1": "to bake"
},
"expansion": "*pekti (“to bake”) + *-ělь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*goře"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *goře",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abstract deverbial noun reflecting Pre-Slavic *pekělь, formed as *pekti (“to bake”) + *-ělь. Underwent the same semantic shift burning → pain, burden → sadness, grief as Proto-Slavic *goře.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьju",
"roman": "pečaľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьjь",
"roman": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьjǫ",
"roman": "pečaľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьju",
"roman": "pečaľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pečalь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "baking, dish cooked in oven",
"word": "pečenь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "oven",
"word": "peťь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cooker",
"word": "pečьka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "scorching heat",
"word": "pьklo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cake, cookie, bread",
"word": "pečivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "roast, barbecue",
"word": "peka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "seal, imprint",
"word": "pečatь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "sweat",
"word": "potъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ (by abstraction) sadness, emotional pain"
}
],
"glosses": [
"burden"
],
"id": "en-pečalь-sla-pro-noun-4M9SGF1S",
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tǫga"
},
{
"word": "*mǫka"
},
{
"word": "*grustь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 65 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 80 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 88 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 93 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ělь",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sorrow, grief, mourning"
],
"id": "en-pečalь-sla-pro-noun-M8TmkNNj",
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"mourning",
"mourning"
]
],
"qualifier": "by specialization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by specialization) sorrow, grief, mourning"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*gořestь"
},
{
"word": "*skъrbь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ (by metonymy) profit, reward"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard work"
],
"id": "en-pečalь-sla-pro-noun-elSs1VG7",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) hard work"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction",
"regional"
]
}
],
"word": "pečalь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pekʷ-",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ělь"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "mourned, grieved",
"word": "opečalěnъ"
},
{
"english": "sorrowful, traumatic, tragic",
"word": "pečalьnъ"
},
{
"english": "gain, profit",
"word": "pečalьba"
},
{
"english": "to profit, to gain a reward",
"word": "pečaliti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "печаль"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: печаль (pečalĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: печаль (pečalĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: печа́ль (pječálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: печа́ль (pječálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "печа́ль"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: печа́ль (pečálʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "печаль"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: печаль (pečalĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: печаль (pečalĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "печа́л",
"3": "пе́чал",
"t": "sorrow, sadness",
"t2": "gain, profit"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál, “sorrow, sadness”), пе́чал (péčal, “gain, profit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: печа́л (pečál, “sorrow, sadness”), пе́чал (péčal, “gain, profit”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "печал"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: печал (pečal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: печал (pečal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "печаљ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: печаљ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: печаљ (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "pečalj",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: pečalj",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: pečalj (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "реčа̑l"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: реčа̑l",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: реčа̑l"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*peťi",
"3": "*-ělь",
"alt1": "*pekti",
"t1": "to bake"
},
"expansion": "*pekti (“to bake”) + *-ělь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*goře"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *goře",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abstract deverbial noun reflecting Pre-Slavic *pekělь, formed as *pekti (“to bake”) + *-ělь. Underwent the same semantic shift burning → pain, burden → sadness, grief as Proto-Slavic *goře.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьju",
"roman": "pečaľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьjь",
"roman": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьjǫ",
"roman": "pečaľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьju",
"roman": "pečaľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečalьxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pečali",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pečalь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "baking, dish cooked in oven",
"word": "pečenь"
},
{
"english": "oven",
"word": "peťь"
},
{
"english": "cooker",
"word": "pečьka"
},
{
"english": "scorching heat",
"word": "pьklo"
},
{
"english": "cake, cookie, bread",
"word": "pečivo"
},
{
"english": "roast, barbecue",
"word": "peka"
},
{
"english": "seal, imprint",
"word": "pečatь"
},
{
"english": "sweat",
"word": "potъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ (by abstraction) sadness, emotional pain"
}
],
"glosses": [
"burden"
],
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*tǫga"
},
{
"word": "*mǫka"
},
{
"word": "*grustь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sorrow, grief, mourning"
],
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"mourning",
"mourning"
]
],
"qualifier": "by specialization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by specialization) sorrow, grief, mourning"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*gořestь"
},
{
"word": "*skъrbь"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ (by metonymy) profit, reward"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard work"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) hard work"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction",
"regional"
]
}
],
"word": "pečalь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pečalь meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.