See patronal on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "lena"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "patronal"
},
"expansion": "French patronal",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patronalis; compare French patronal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more patronal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most patronal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal (comparative more patronal, superlative most patronal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 1 29 12 2 2 0 31 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their penates and patronal god might be called forth by charms and incantations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Michael Bhaskar, The Content Machine:",
"text": "Nor has the state lost its patronal role, with ministries of culture and publicly funded arts bodies sustaining the cultural economy.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patron; protecting; favouring"
],
"id": "en-patronal-en-adj-X3lZccyX",
"links": [
[
"patron",
"patron"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, Dietrich Denecke, Gareth Shaw, Alan R H Baker, Urban Historical Geography: Recent Progress in Britain and Germany, →ISBN:",
"text": "Aristocratic involvement in the development of towns and cities in nineteenth-entury Britain has long been recognised, but much less attention has been paid to the character of the patronal relationships which existed between aristocratic urban landlords and their tenantry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Zeba A. Crook, Reconceptualising Conversion, →ISBN:",
"text": "Manumission loyalty also offers us insights into how ancient conversion might look in a context of patronage and benefaction, for slaves did not change patrons when they attained their freedom, but rather underwent a considerable change within the patronal relationship.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Henry E. Hale, Patronal Politics, →ISBN, page 455:",
"text": "In considering how the preceding analysis relates to the rest of the world, one can think of the post-Soviet countries as providing something like a pristine context in which to study the fundamental characteristics of patronal politics.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a strong authoritarian leader who controls access to resources."
],
"id": "en-patronal-en-adj-KoyRWxGK"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈtɹəʊnəl/"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tancament patronal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "patrōnālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin patrōnālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patrōnālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronals",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronals)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ca-adj-mIgIHy3J",
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "saint's day",
"text": "festa patronal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patron saint"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ca-adj-q-dksjFM",
"links": [
[
"patron saint",
"patron saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) patron saint"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "employers' organization",
"text": "organització patronal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"owner, employer, management"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ca-adj-oJ7G~Th6",
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"employer",
"employer"
],
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) owner, employer, management"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾuˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "patrōnālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin patrōnālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patrōnālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "patronal f (plural patronals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 1 29 12 2 2 0 31 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 0 36 12 2 2 0 26 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 3 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 8 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 2 91",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "ca:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 5 77",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "ca:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"employers' organization"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ca-noun-ZaGYddjo",
"links": [
[
"employers",
"employers"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾuˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "patron",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "patron + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "patronale"
},
"expansion": "Italian patronale",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patron + -al. Compare Italian patronale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "patronaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal (feminine patronale, masculine plural patronaux, feminine plural patronales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"saint"
],
"id": "en-patronal-fr-adj-i0m9omBv",
"links": [
[
"saint",
"saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) saint"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"employer's"
],
"id": "en-patronal-fr-adj-yzH~CjzU",
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer's"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hascomp": "no"
},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (plural patronais, not comparable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧tro‧nal"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 1 29 12 2 2 0 31 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "entidade patronal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"employer"
],
"id": "en-patronal-pt-adj-jv31VyTJ",
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.tɾoˈnaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈnal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈnal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈna.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patronal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French patronal",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "patron",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, patron + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French patronal. By surface analysis, patron + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "patronal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or n (feminine singular patronală, masculine plural patronali, feminine and neuter plural patronale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ro-adj-mIgIHy3J",
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"relating to an employer"
],
"id": "en-patronal-ro-adj-Mzoel8jC",
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cierre patronal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrono",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrono + -al",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrón",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrón + -al",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patrono + -al or patrón + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"patron saint"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-q-dksjFM",
"links": [
[
"patron saint",
"patron saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) patron saint"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-mIgIHy3J",
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"owner of a house where someone is a guest"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-0DP7TjuK",
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"guest",
"guest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) owner of a house where someone is a guest"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"employer"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-jv31VyTJ",
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"management"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-KIllofLI",
"links": [
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) management"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "es:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"skipper"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-adj-z3JK~FBR",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"skipper",
"skipper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, relational) skipper"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrono",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrono + -al",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrón",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrón + -al",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patrono + -al or patrón + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "patronal f (plural patronales)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"management"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-noun-KIllofLI",
"links": [
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 3 1 29 12 2 2 0 31 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 15 1 1 12 1 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 0 13 0 0 17 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"employers"
],
"id": "en-patronal-es-noun-Tde2nbho",
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjectives",
"Catalan adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan epicene adjectives",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ca:Business",
"ca:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tancament patronal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "patrōnālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin patrōnālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patrōnālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronals",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronals)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Catalan relational adjectives",
"Catalan terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "saint's day",
"text": "festa patronal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patron saint"
],
"links": [
[
"patron saint",
"patron saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) patron saint"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Catalan relational adjectives",
"Catalan terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "employers' organization",
"text": "organització patronal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"owner, employer, management"
],
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"employer",
"employer"
],
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) owner, employer, management"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾuˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjectives",
"Catalan adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan epicene adjectives",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ca:Business",
"ca:Collectives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "patrōnālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin patrōnālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patrōnālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "patronal f (plural patronals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"employers' organization"
],
"links": [
[
"employers",
"employers"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾuˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pə.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English undefined derivations",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for attention in Latin etymologies"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "lena"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "patronal"
},
"expansion": "French patronal",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin patronalis; compare French patronal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more patronal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most patronal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal (comparative more patronal, superlative most patronal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their penates and patronal god might be called forth by charms and incantations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Michael Bhaskar, The Content Machine:",
"text": "Nor has the state lost its patronal role, with ministries of culture and publicly funded arts bodies sustaining the cultural economy.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patron; protecting; favouring"
],
"links": [
[
"patron",
"patron"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, Dietrich Denecke, Gareth Shaw, Alan R H Baker, Urban Historical Geography: Recent Progress in Britain and Germany, →ISBN:",
"text": "Aristocratic involvement in the development of towns and cities in nineteenth-entury Britain has long been recognised, but much less attention has been paid to the character of the patronal relationships which existed between aristocratic urban landlords and their tenantry.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Zeba A. Crook, Reconceptualising Conversion, →ISBN:",
"text": "Manumission loyalty also offers us insights into how ancient conversion might look in a context of patronage and benefaction, for slaves did not change patrons when they attained their freedom, but rather underwent a considerable change within the patronal relationship.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Henry E. Hale, Patronal Politics, →ISBN, page 455:",
"text": "In considering how the preceding analysis relates to the rest of the world, one can think of the post-Soviet countries as providing something like a pristine context in which to study the fundamental characteristics of patronal politics.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a strong authoritarian leader who controls access to resources."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈtɹəʊnəl/"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -al",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "patron",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "patron + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "patronale"
},
"expansion": "Italian patronale",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patron + -al. Compare Italian patronale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "patronaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal (feminine patronale, masculine plural patronaux, feminine plural patronales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"saint"
],
"links": [
[
"saint",
"saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) saint"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"employer's"
],
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer's"
],
"tags": [
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-patronal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "entidade patronal"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hascomp": "no"
},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (plural patronais, not comparable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧tro‧nal"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese 4-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjectives",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese relational adjectives",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/3 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"employer"
],
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.tɾoˈnaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pa.tɾoˈnaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈnal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈnal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐ.tɾuˈna.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms suffixed with -al"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patronal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French patronal",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "patron",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, patron + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French patronal. By surface analysis, patron + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "patronal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "patronalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or n (feminine singular patronală, masculine plural patronali, feminine and neuter plural patronale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"relating to an employer"
],
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms suffixed with -al"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cierre patronal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrono",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrono + -al",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrón",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrón + -al",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patrono + -al or patrón + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"patron saint"
],
"links": [
[
"patron saint",
"patron saint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) patron saint"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"patronal"
],
"links": [
[
"patronal",
"patronal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"owner of a house where someone is a guest"
],
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"guest",
"guest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) owner of a house where someone is a guest"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"employer"
],
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) employer"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"management"
],
"links": [
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) management"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish relational adjectives",
"es:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"skipper"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"skipper",
"skipper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, relational) skipper"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms suffixed with -al"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrono",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrono + -al",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "patrón",
"3": "al"
},
"expansion": "patrón + -al",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From patrono + -al or patrón + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patronales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "patronal f (plural patronales)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"management"
],
"links": [
[
"management",
"management"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"employers"
],
"links": [
[
"employer",
"employer"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "patronal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for patronal meaning in All languages combined (15.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.