See patois on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for patois meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "regional dialect or language"
},
"expansion": "French patois (“regional dialect or language”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1635, from French patois (“regional dialect or language”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "patois"
},
"expansion": "patois (countable and uncountable, plural patois)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pat‧ois",
"pat‧ois"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1890, [Jacques] Élisée Reclus, “Java”, in A. H. Keane, editor, Oceanica (The Earth and Its Inhabitants; 14), New York: D. Appleton and Company, Inhabitants",
"text": "[The Sundanese] are regarded as relatively barbarous, and in the company of Malays or Javanese, they are themselves ashamed of their dialect, which is looked on as a sort of rude patois.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A regional dialect of a language (especially French); usually considered substandard."
],
"id": "en-patois-en-noun--bYIa4ZQ",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "streektaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"word": "loklingvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialecto"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ntopiolaliá",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"word": "ντοπιολαλιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regiolekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialecto"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 5 6 16 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "patuá",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "патуа́"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of various French or Occitan dialects spoken in France."
],
"id": "en-patois-en-noun-DlYIPK-f",
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"Occitan",
"Occitan"
],
[
"dialect",
"dialect"
],
[
"France",
"France"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Creole French in the Caribbean (especially in Dominica, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Haiti)."
],
"id": "en-patois-en-noun-bCB7ab1U",
"links": [
[
"Creole",
"Creole"
],
[
"Caribbean",
"Caribbean"
],
[
"Dominica",
"Dominica"
],
[
"St. Lucia",
"St. Lucia"
],
[
"Trinidad and Tobago",
"Trinidad and Tobago"
],
[
"Haiti",
"Haiti"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jamaican English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 22 54 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 6 31 42 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jamaican Patois, a Jamaican creole language primarily based on English and African languages but also has influences from Spanish, Portuguese and Hindi."
],
"id": "en-patois-en-noun-haEGTpL0",
"links": [
[
"Jamaican Patois",
"Jamaican Patois"
],
[
"Jamaican",
"Jamaican"
],
[
"creole",
"creole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jamaica) Jamaican Patois, a Jamaican creole language primarily based on English and African languages but also has influences from Spanish, Portuguese and Hindi."
],
"tags": [
"Jamaica",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 July 18, Christopher Flavelle, “Scorched, Parched and Now Uninsurable: Climate Change Hits Wine Country”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "In the patois of insurance, the winery will go bare into this year’s burning season, which experts predict to be especially fierce.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jargon or cant."
],
"id": "en-patois-en-noun-yLvA70vF",
"links": [
[
"Jargon",
"jargon"
],
[
"cant",
"cant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pæˈtwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpætwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætwɑː"
},
{
"ipa": "/pæˈtwɑz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpætwɑːz/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætwɑːz"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-patois.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/En-us-patois.ogg/En-us-patois.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/En-us-patois.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pătwäʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "pătʹwä"
},
{
"enpr": "pătwäzʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "pătʹwäz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jamaican-creole"
],
"topics": [
"language",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Jamaican"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Jamaican-creole"
],
"topics": [
"language",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Patwa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:patois"
],
"word": "patois"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "patoiser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "patoiseur"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "patuès",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: patuès",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: patuès"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: patois"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "local dialect",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French patois (“local dialect”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "local dialect"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French patois (“local dialect”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "incomprehensible speech, rude language"
},
"expansion": "Old French patois (“incomprehensible speech, rude language”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-ois"
},
"expansion": "-ois",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "",
"3": "*patoi"
},
"expansion": "*patoi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "patoier",
"3": "",
"4": "to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw"
},
"expansion": "patoier (“to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pate",
"3": "",
"4": "paw"
},
"expansion": "pate (“paw”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*patta",
"t": "paw, foot"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*patta",
"t": "paw, sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *patta (“paw, sole of the foot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pat-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pat-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*paþa-",
"3": "",
"4": "to walk, tread, go, step"
},
"expansion": "*paþa- (“to walk, tread, go, step”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)pent-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pent-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)pat-",
"3": "",
"4": "path; to walk"
},
"expansion": "*(s)pat- (“path; to walk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pent-"
},
"expansion": "*pent-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pat-",
"3": "",
"4": "path; to go"
},
"expansion": "*pat- (“path; to go”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch pat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "pedden",
"3": "",
"4": "to step, tread"
},
"expansion": "Low German pedden (“to step, tread”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pad"
},
"expansion": "pad",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "path"
},
"expansion": "path",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French patois (“local dialect”), from Old French patois (“incomprehensible speech, rude language”), alteration (due to influence of the suffix -ois in words relating to nationalities and languages) of earlier *patoi, a deverbal of patoier (“to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw”), from pate (“paw”), from Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”), from Frankish *patta (“paw, sole of the foot”), from Proto-Germanic *pat-, *paþa- (“to walk, tread, go, step”), of uncertain origin and relation. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pent-/*(s)pat- (“path; to walk”), a variant of *pent-/*pat- (“path; to go”). Cognate with Dutch pat, Low German pedden (“to step, tread”). Related to pad, path.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "patois m (plural patois)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 29 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After two powerful novelists, one a deep observer of the human soul, the other an adventurous friend of the people, Balzac and Eugene Sue, made their bandit characters speak in their natural language just as the author of The Last Day of a Condemned Man had done in 1828, the same complaints were raised. Some said again and again, \"What do these writers want to do to us with this disgusting dialect? The slang is terrible! The slang makes anyone shiver!",
"ref": "1862, Victor Hugo, Les Miserables Part 4, book 7, chapter 1",
"text": "Depuis, deux puissants romanciers, dont l’un est un profond observateur du cœur humain, l’autre un intrépide ami du peuple, Balzac et Eugène Süe, ayant fait parler des bandits dans leur langue naturelle comme l’avait fait en 1828 l’auteur du Dernier jour d’un condamné, les mêmes réclamations se sont élevées. On a répété : — Que nous veulent les écrivains avec ce révoltant patois ? l’argot est odieux ! l’argot fait frémir !"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patois (French dialect)"
],
"id": "en-patois-fr-noun-c7nP-glC",
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1862, Victor Hugo, Les Miserables Part 1, book 1, chapter 4",
"text": "Né provençal, il s’était facilement familiarisé avec tous les patois du midi. Il disait : — Eh bé ! moussu, sès sagé ? comme dans le bas Languedoc. — Onté anaras passa ? comme dans les basses Alpes. — Puerte un bouen moutou embe un bouen froumage grase, comme dans le haut Dauphiné. Ceci plaisait beaucoup au peuple et n’avait pas peu contribué à lui donner accès près de tous les esprits. Il était dans la chaumière et dans la montagne comme chez lui. Il savait dire les choses les plus grandes dans les idiomes les plus vulgaires. Parlant toutes les langues, il entrait dans toutes les âmes.\n(Describing Bishop Myriel) Having been born in Provence, he easily became familiarized with all the [Occitan] dialects of the South. He would say, Eh bé! moussu, sès sagé?, as in the lower Languedoc, and Onté anaras passa? as in the Alps' lowlands, and Puerte un bouen moutou embe un bouen froumage grase, as in the upper Dauphiny. People loved this, and it had helped him greatly to get close access to all kinds of temperaments. Whether he was in a cottage or up in a mountain, he would feel at home. He knew how to speak of the highest things using the lowliest vulgar expressions. By speaking every tongue, he entered every soul."
}
],
"glosses": [
"patois (any regional dialect)"
],
"id": "en-patois-fr-noun--Oqtz0g~",
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Louisiana French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"saying, maxim, proverb, adage"
],
"id": "en-patois-fr-noun-jOWrNShU",
"links": [
[
"saying",
"saying"
],
[
"maxim",
"maxim"
],
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"adage",
"adage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Louisiana) saying, maxim, proverb, adage"
],
"tags": [
"Louisiana",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.twa/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-patois.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:patois"
],
"word": "patois"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French patois",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French patois",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French patois.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "patois m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patois"
],
"id": "en-patois-it-noun-6bvpdmwz",
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:patois"
]
}
],
"word": "patois"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ætwɑː",
"Rhymes:English/ætwɑː/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ætwɑːz",
"Rhymes:English/ætwɑːz/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɑ",
"Rhymes:English/ɑ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɑz",
"Rhymes:English/ɑz/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "regional dialect or language"
},
"expansion": "French patois (“regional dialect or language”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1635, from French patois (“regional dialect or language”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "patois"
},
"expansion": "patois (countable and uncountable, plural patois)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pat‧ois",
"pat‧ois"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1890, [Jacques] Élisée Reclus, “Java”, in A. H. Keane, editor, Oceanica (The Earth and Its Inhabitants; 14), New York: D. Appleton and Company, Inhabitants",
"text": "[The Sundanese] are regarded as relatively barbarous, and in the company of Malays or Javanese, they are themselves ashamed of their dialect, which is looked on as a sort of rude patois.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A regional dialect of a language (especially French); usually considered substandard."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of various French or Occitan dialects spoken in France."
],
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"Occitan",
"Occitan"
],
[
"dialect",
"dialect"
],
[
"France",
"France"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Creole French in the Caribbean (especially in Dominica, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Haiti)."
],
"links": [
[
"Creole",
"Creole"
],
[
"Caribbean",
"Caribbean"
],
[
"Dominica",
"Dominica"
],
[
"St. Lucia",
"St. Lucia"
],
[
"Trinidad and Tobago",
"Trinidad and Tobago"
],
[
"Haiti",
"Haiti"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Jamaican English"
],
"glosses": [
"Jamaican Patois, a Jamaican creole language primarily based on English and African languages but also has influences from Spanish, Portuguese and Hindi."
],
"links": [
[
"Jamaican Patois",
"Jamaican Patois"
],
[
"Jamaican",
"Jamaican"
],
[
"creole",
"creole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jamaica) Jamaican Patois, a Jamaican creole language primarily based on English and African languages but also has influences from Spanish, Portuguese and Hindi."
],
"tags": [
"Jamaica",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 July 18, Christopher Flavelle, “Scorched, Parched and Now Uninsurable: Climate Change Hits Wine Country”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "In the patois of insurance, the winery will go bare into this year’s burning season, which experts predict to be especially fierce.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jargon or cant."
],
"links": [
[
"Jargon",
"jargon"
],
[
"cant",
"cant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pæˈtwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpætwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætwɑː"
},
{
"ipa": "/pæˈtwɑz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpætwɑːz/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætwɑːz"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-patois.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/En-us-patois.ogg/En-us-patois.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/En-us-patois.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "pătwäʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "pătʹwä"
},
{
"enpr": "pătwäzʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "pătʹwäz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Jamaican-creole"
],
"topics": [
"language",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Jamaican"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jamaican-creole"
],
"topics": [
"language",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Patwa"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "streektaal"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"word": "loklingvo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialecto"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ntopiolaliá",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"word": "ντοπιολαλιά"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "regiolekt"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dialecto"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "patuá",
"sense": "regional dialect of a language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "патуа́"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:patois"
],
"word": "patois"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Frankish",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "patoiser"
},
{
"word": "patoiseur"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "patuès",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: patuès",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: patuès"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Patois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "patois",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: patois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: patois"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "local dialect",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French patois (“local dialect”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "local dialect"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French patois (“local dialect”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "incomprehensible speech, rude language"
},
"expansion": "Old French patois (“incomprehensible speech, rude language”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-ois"
},
"expansion": "-ois",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "",
"3": "*patoi"
},
"expansion": "*patoi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "patoier",
"3": "",
"4": "to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw"
},
"expansion": "patoier (“to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pate",
"3": "",
"4": "paw"
},
"expansion": "pate (“paw”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*patta",
"t": "paw, foot"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*patta",
"t": "paw, sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *patta (“paw, sole of the foot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pat-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pat-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*paþa-",
"3": "",
"4": "to walk, tread, go, step"
},
"expansion": "*paþa- (“to walk, tread, go, step”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)pent-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pent-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)pat-",
"3": "",
"4": "path; to walk"
},
"expansion": "*(s)pat- (“path; to walk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pent-"
},
"expansion": "*pent-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pat-",
"3": "",
"4": "path; to go"
},
"expansion": "*pat- (“path; to go”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pat"
},
"expansion": "Dutch pat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "pedden",
"3": "",
"4": "to step, tread"
},
"expansion": "Low German pedden (“to step, tread”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pad"
},
"expansion": "pad",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "path"
},
"expansion": "path",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French patois (“local dialect”), from Old French patois (“incomprehensible speech, rude language”), alteration (due to influence of the suffix -ois in words relating to nationalities and languages) of earlier *patoi, a deverbal of patoier (“to gesticulate, handle clumsily, paw”), from pate (“paw”), from Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”), from Frankish *patta (“paw, sole of the foot”), from Proto-Germanic *pat-, *paþa- (“to walk, tread, go, step”), of uncertain origin and relation. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pent-/*(s)pat- (“path; to walk”), a variant of *pent-/*pat- (“path; to go”). Cognate with Dutch pat, Low German pedden (“to step, tread”). Related to pad, path.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "patois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "patois m (plural patois)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After two powerful novelists, one a deep observer of the human soul, the other an adventurous friend of the people, Balzac and Eugene Sue, made their bandit characters speak in their natural language just as the author of The Last Day of a Condemned Man had done in 1828, the same complaints were raised. Some said again and again, \"What do these writers want to do to us with this disgusting dialect? The slang is terrible! The slang makes anyone shiver!",
"ref": "1862, Victor Hugo, Les Miserables Part 4, book 7, chapter 1",
"text": "Depuis, deux puissants romanciers, dont l’un est un profond observateur du cœur humain, l’autre un intrépide ami du peuple, Balzac et Eugène Süe, ayant fait parler des bandits dans leur langue naturelle comme l’avait fait en 1828 l’auteur du Dernier jour d’un condamné, les mêmes réclamations se sont élevées. On a répété : — Que nous veulent les écrivains avec ce révoltant patois ? l’argot est odieux ! l’argot fait frémir !"
}
],
"glosses": [
"patois (French dialect)"
],
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1862, Victor Hugo, Les Miserables Part 1, book 1, chapter 4",
"text": "Né provençal, il s’était facilement familiarisé avec tous les patois du midi. Il disait : — Eh bé ! moussu, sès sagé ? comme dans le bas Languedoc. — Onté anaras passa ? comme dans les basses Alpes. — Puerte un bouen moutou embe un bouen froumage grase, comme dans le haut Dauphiné. Ceci plaisait beaucoup au peuple et n’avait pas peu contribué à lui donner accès près de tous les esprits. Il était dans la chaumière et dans la montagne comme chez lui. Il savait dire les choses les plus grandes dans les idiomes les plus vulgaires. Parlant toutes les langues, il entrait dans toutes les âmes.\n(Describing Bishop Myriel) Having been born in Provence, he easily became familiarized with all the [Occitan] dialects of the South. He would say, Eh bé! moussu, sès sagé?, as in the lower Languedoc, and Onté anaras passa? as in the Alps' lowlands, and Puerte un bouen moutou embe un bouen froumage grase, as in the upper Dauphiny. People loved this, and it had helped him greatly to get close access to all kinds of temperaments. Whether he was in a cottage or up in a mountain, he would feel at home. He knew how to speak of the highest things using the lowliest vulgar expressions. By speaking every tongue, he entered every soul."
}
],
"glosses": [
"patois (any regional dialect)"
],
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Louisiana French"
],
"glosses": [
"saying, maxim, proverb, adage"
],
"links": [
[
"saying",
"saying"
],
[
"maxim",
"maxim"
],
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"adage",
"adage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Louisiana) saying, maxim, proverb, adage"
],
"tags": [
"Louisiana",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.twa/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-patois.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-patois.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:patois"
],
"word": "patois"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French patois",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "patois"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French patois",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French patois.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "patois m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from French",
"Italian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"patois"
],
"links": [
[
"patois",
"patois#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:patois"
]
}
],
"word": "patois"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.