See parud on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*parud",
"4": "",
"5": "rasp, file"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parud (“rasp, file”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "parut"
},
"expansion": "Malay parut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parud (“rasp, file”). Compare Malay parut",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪",
"tags": [
"Sundanese",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Sundanese script",
"4": "ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪"
},
"expansion": "parud (Sundanese script ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rud"
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "diparud"
},
{
"word": "marud"
},
{
"word": "tunggul diparud, catang dirumpak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grater"
],
"id": "en-parud-su-noun-QE2JiDyN",
"links": [
[
"grater",
"grater"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paˈrud/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q34002 (sun)-Lany pirna-parud.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "parud"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "paruds",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paruds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paruda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parudi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o parud!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o paruds!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "parudu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "paruds",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "parud (nominative plural paruds)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "parud (nominative plural paruds)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vo",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "vo:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vo",
"name": "Birds",
"orig": "vo:Birds",
"parents": [
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"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus",
"word": "blägakapaparud"
},
{
"english": "coal tit; see its taxonomy and systematics on Wikipedia",
"taxonomic": "Periparus ater",
"word": "blägaparud"
},
{
"english": "blue tit",
"word": "blövaparud"
},
{
"word": "Cyanistes caeruleus"
},
{
"english": "see its taxonomy on Wikipedia",
"word": "Parus caeruleus"
},
{
"english": "long-tailed tit, long-tailed bushtit",
"word": "göbaparud"
},
{
"word": "Aegithalos caudatus"
},
{
"english": "great tit",
"word": "gretaparud"
},
{
"word": "Parus major"
},
{
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "marädaparud"
},
{
"word": "Poecile palustris"
},
{
"english": "crested tit",
"word": "töpaparud"
},
{
"english": "formerly Parus cristatus, see its taxonomy on Wikipedia",
"word": "Lophophanes cristatus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tit (bird family: Paridae ( Tit (bird) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "böd"
},
{
"word": "nim"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "hiparud"
},
{
"word": "jiparud"
},
{
"word": "parudil"
},
{
"word": "parudül"
}
],
"id": "en-parud-vo-noun-VgNDLyn6",
"links": [
[
"tit",
"tit"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Paridae",
"Paridae#Translingual"
],
[
"Tit (bird)",
"w:Tit (bird)"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa.ˈɾud]"
}
],
"word": "parud"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "diparud"
},
{
"word": "marud"
},
{
"word": "tunggul diparud, catang dirumpak"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*parud",
"4": "",
"5": "rasp, file"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parud (“rasp, file”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "parut"
},
"expansion": "Malay parut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *parud (“rasp, file”). Compare Malay parut",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪",
"tags": [
"Sundanese",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Sundanese script",
"4": "ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪"
},
"expansion": "parud (Sundanese script ᮕᮛᮥᮓ᮪)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧rud"
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Sundanese lemmas",
"Sundanese nouns",
"Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"glosses": [
"grater"
],
"links": [
[
"grater",
"grater"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/paˈrud/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q34002 (sun)-Lany pirna-parud.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav/LL-Q34002_%28sun%29-Lany_pirna-parud.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "parud"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus",
"word": "blägakapaparud"
},
{
"english": "coal tit; see its taxonomy and systematics on Wikipedia",
"taxonomic": "Periparus ater",
"word": "blägaparud"
},
{
"english": "blue tit",
"word": "blövaparud"
},
{
"word": "Cyanistes caeruleus"
},
{
"english": "see its taxonomy on Wikipedia",
"word": "Parus caeruleus"
},
{
"english": "long-tailed tit, long-tailed bushtit",
"word": "göbaparud"
},
{
"word": "Aegithalos caudatus"
},
{
"english": "great tit",
"word": "gretaparud"
},
{
"word": "Parus major"
},
{
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "marädaparud"
},
{
"word": "Poecile palustris"
},
{
"english": "crested tit",
"word": "töpaparud"
},
{
"english": "formerly Parus cristatus, see its taxonomy on Wikipedia",
"word": "Lophophanes cristatus"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "paruds",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paruds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paruda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parudi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o parud!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o paruds!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "parudu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parudus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "paruds",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "parud (nominative plural paruds)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "parud (nominative plural paruds)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "böd"
},
{
"word": "nim"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "hiparud"
},
{
"word": "jiparud"
},
{
"word": "parudil"
},
{
"word": "parudül"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"vo:Animals",
"vo:Birds"
],
"glosses": [
"tit (bird family: Paridae ( Tit (bird) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia)"
],
"links": [
[
"tit",
"tit"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Paridae",
"Paridae#Translingual"
],
[
"Tit (bird)",
"w:Tit (bird)"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa.ˈɾud]"
}
],
"word": "parud"
}
Download raw JSONL data for parud meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.