"paene" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "paenīnsula"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "paenultimus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin"
      ],
      "word": "paenumbra"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "pãnã"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "pãn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "până"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "pene-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-",
        "4": "*peh₂-(i)-",
        "5": "to hurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-(i)- (“to hurt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*p(e)-ai-ni-",
        "t": "not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *p(e)-ai-ni- (“not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "unresolved"
      },
      "expansion": "unresolved",
      "name": "unc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from the same root as patior (“to suffer”); this may be Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-(i)- (“to hurt”) (this is supported by Pokorny), but its standard reconstruction as *peh₁-(i)- (or *peh₁y-) creates phonetic problems for the Latin. Neri (2007), following Vine, derives it Proto-Indo-European *p(e)-ai-ni- (“not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away”), from *pe- (“away”) + *h₁ai- (“to take, give”), but this is doubtful since a PIE *h₁ai- sequence is phonologically invalid and the preverb *pe- (“away”) is itself uncertain. So, the etymology is unresolved.\nThe original meaning was likely “lacking, missing” (> “falling short”), as preserved in the related words paeniteō (“to cause dissatisfaction/regret”) and paenūria (“shortage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "paenissimē",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paene",
        "sup": "paenissimē"
      },
      "expansion": "paene (superlative paenissimē)",
      "name": "la-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "paenitō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "paenūria"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "almost, nearly"
      ],
      "id": "en-paene-la-adv-5xSg1DOT",
      "links": [
        [
          "almost",
          "almost"
        ],
        [
          "nearly",
          "nearly"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "prope"
        },
        {
          "word": "fermē"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferē"
        },
        {
          "word": "iū̆xtā"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scarcely, hardly, barely"
      ],
      "id": "en-paene-la-adv-QS3fYWdY",
      "links": [
        [
          "scarcely",
          "scarcely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ],
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with negative) scarcely, hardly, barely"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with negative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpae̯.nɛ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛː.ne]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paene"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adverbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin irregular adverbs",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "paenīnsula"
    },
    {
      "word": "paenultimus"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin"
      ],
      "word": "paenumbra"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "pãnã"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "pãn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "inherited",
        "uncertain"
      ],
      "word": "până"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "pene-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₁-",
        "4": "*peh₂-(i)-",
        "5": "to hurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-(i)- (“to hurt”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*p(e)-ai-ni-",
        "t": "not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *p(e)-ai-ni- (“not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "unresolved"
      },
      "expansion": "unresolved",
      "name": "unc"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from the same root as patior (“to suffer”); this may be Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-(i)- (“to hurt”) (this is supported by Pokorny), but its standard reconstruction as *peh₁-(i)- (or *peh₁y-) creates phonetic problems for the Latin. Neri (2007), following Vine, derives it Proto-Indo-European *p(e)-ai-ni- (“not entirely; from whom has been taken away; who takes away”), from *pe- (“away”) + *h₁ai- (“to take, give”), but this is doubtful since a PIE *h₁ai- sequence is phonologically invalid and the preverb *pe- (“away”) is itself uncertain. So, the etymology is unresolved.\nThe original meaning was likely “lacking, missing” (> “falling short”), as preserved in the related words paeniteō (“to cause dissatisfaction/regret”) and paenūria (“shortage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "paenissimē",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "paene",
        "sup": "paenissimē"
      },
      "expansion": "paene (superlative paenissimē)",
      "name": "la-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adv",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "paenitō"
    },
    {
      "word": "paenūria"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "almost, nearly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "almost",
          "almost"
        ],
        [
          "nearly",
          "nearly"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "prope"
        },
        {
          "word": "fermē"
        },
        {
          "word": "ferē"
        },
        {
          "word": "iū̆xtā"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scarcely, hardly, barely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scarcely",
          "scarcely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ],
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with negative) scarcely, hardly, barely"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with negative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpae̯.nɛ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛː.ne]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paene"
}