"odumrzeć" meaning in All languages combined

See odumrzeć on Wiktionary

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ɔdˈum.ʐɛt͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -umʐɛt͡ɕ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć. By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć. Compare Czech odumřít. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|odumrzeć//otumrzeć|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|odumrzeć//otumrzeć}} Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć, {{surf|pl|od-|umrzeć}} By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć, {{cog|cs|odumřít}} Czech odumřít Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=odumierać}} odumrzeć pf (imperfective odumierać) Forms: odumierać [imperfective], no-table-tags [table-tags], odumrzeć [infinitive], odumrę [future, singular], odumrzemy [future, plural], odumrzesz [future, singular], odumrzecie [future, plural], odumrze [future, singular, third-person], odumrą [future, plural, third-person], odumrze się [future, impersonal], odumarłem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m odumarł [masculine, past, singular], odumarłam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m odumarła [feminine, past, singular], odumarłom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m odumarło [neuter, past, singular], odumarliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy odumarli [past, plural, virile], odumarłyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy odumarły [nonvirile, past, plural], odumarłeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś odumarł [masculine, past, singular], odumarłaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś odumarła [feminine, past, singular], odumarłoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś odumarło [neuter, past, singular], odumarliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście odumarli [past, plural, virile], odumarłyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście odumarły [nonvirile, past, plural], odumarł [masculine, past, singular, third-person], odumarła [feminine, past, singular, third-person], odumarło [neuter, past, singular, third-person], odumarli [past, plural, third-person, virile], odumarły [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], odumarto [impersonal, past], odumarłbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym odumarł [conditional, masculine, singular], odumarłabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym odumarła [conditional, feminine, singular], odumarłobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym odumarło [conditional, neuter, singular], odumarlibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy odumarli [conditional, plural, virile], odumarłybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy odumarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], odumarłbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś odumarł [conditional, masculine, singular], odumarłabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś odumarła [conditional, feminine, singular], odumarłobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś odumarło [conditional, neuter, singular], odumarlibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście odumarli [conditional, plural, virile], odumarłybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście odumarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], odumarłby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by odumarł [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], odumarłaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by odumarła [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], odumarłoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by odumarło [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], odumarliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by odumarli [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], odumarłyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by odumarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], odumarto by [conditional, impersonal], niech odumrę [imperative, singular], odumrzyjmy [imperative, plural], odumrzyj [imperative, singular], odumrzyjcie [imperative, plural], niech odumrze [imperative, singular, third-person], niech odumrą [imperative, plural, third-person], odumarłszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], odumarcie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (intransitive, archaic or literary) to leave behind (to not live longer than; to be survived by) Tags: archaic, intransitive, literary, perfective Synonyms: pozostawić
    Sense id: en-odumrzeć-pl-verb-G1A4YUYm Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with od- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 67 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 74 26 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 73 27 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with od-: 52 48
  2. (intransitive, obsolete) to pass away (to die) Tags: intransitive, obsolete, perfective
    Sense id: en-odumrzeć-pl-verb-ideVxgLA Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with od- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with od-: 52 48 Synonyms: PERFECTIVE PAIR: umrzeć, Bóg powołał do siebie [literary, perfective], Bóg wezwał do siebie [literary, perfective], Bóg wziął do siebie [literary, perfective], Bóg zabrał do siebie [literary, perfective], dogasać [imperfective, literary], dogorywać [imperfective, literary], dopełniać żywota (imperfective [literary, perfective], literary) [literary, perfective], dopełnić żywota [literary, perfective], dokonywać dni (imperfective [literary, perfective], dokonać dni [literary, perfective], dokonywać życia (imperfective [literary, perfective], dokonać życia [literary, perfective], dokonywać żywota (imperfective [literary, perfective], dokonać żywota [literary, perfective], fikać (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], colloquial) [colloquial, perfective], fiknąć [colloquial, perfective], gasnąć (imperfective [literary, perfective], zgasnąć [literary, perfective], ginąć (imperfective [perfective], typically violently and suddenly) [perfective], zginąć [perfective], kipnąć [colloquial, perfective], kitować (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], wykitować [colloquial, perfective], kłaść się do grobu (imperfective) [perfective], położyć się do grobu [perfective], kojfnąć [colloquial, humorous, perfective], konać (imperfective [literary, perfective], skonać [literary, perfective], kończyć się (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], skończyć się [colloquial, perfective], kopnąć w kalendarz [colloquial, perfective], korkować (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], wykorkować [colloquial, perfective], korknąć [dialectal, perfective], mrzeć [imperfective, literary], obumierać (imperfective) [perfective], obumrzeć [perfective], odchodzić (imperfective [literary, perfective], odejść [literary, perfective], odchodzić w zaświaty (imperfective [literary, perfective], odejść w zaświaty [literary, perfective], oddawać ducha (imperfective [literary, perfective], oddać ducha [literary, perfective], odwalać kitę (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], odwalić kitę [colloquial, perfective], opuszczać ten świat (imperfective) [perfective], opuścić ten świat [perfective], padać (imperfective) [perfective], paść [perfective], padać jak muchy [imperfective], padać ofiarą (imperfective) [perfective], paść ofiarą [perfective], pokończyć [colloquial, perfective], przekręcać się (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], przekręcić się [colloquial, perfective], przenosić się do lepszego świata (imperfective) [perfective], przenieść się do lepszego świata [perfective], przenosić się do wieczności (imperfective [literary, perfective], przenieść się do wieczności [literary, perfective], przenosić się na łono Abrahama (imperfective [literary, perfective], przenieść się na łono Abrahama [literary, perfective], przenosić się na tamten świat (imperfective) [perfective], przenieść się na tamten świat [perfective], przenosić się w zaświaty (imperfective [literary, perfective], przenieść się w zaświaty [literary, perfective], pomrzeć [perfective], rozstawać się z życiem (imperfective [literary, perfective], rozstać się z życiem [literary, perfective], schodzić z tego świata (imperfective) [perfective], zejść z tego świata [perfective], sczeznąć [literary, perfective], składać swe kości (imperfective [literary, perfective], złożyć swe kości [literary, perfective], składać swe kości [dialectal, perfective], usnąć na zawsze [literary, perfective], wyciągać kopyta (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], wyciągnąć kopyta [colloquial, perfective], wyciągać holopy [dialectal, imperfective], wydawać ostatnie tchnienie (imperfective [literary, perfective], wydać ostatnie tchnienie [literary, perfective], wykańczać się (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], wykończyć się [colloquial, perfective], wykopyrtnąć [colloquial, perfective], wymierać (imperfective [perfective], to die out [perfective], to go extinct) [perfective], wymrzeć [perfective], wywinąć orła [colloquial, humorous, imperfective], wyzionąć ducha [literary, perfective], zamknąć oczy [literary, perfective], zamknąć powieki [literary, perfective], zasnąć na wieki [literary, perfective], zasnąć na zawsze [literary, perfective], zasnąć snem wiecznym [literary, perfective], zasnąć w Bogu [literary, perfective], zasnąć w Panu [literary, perfective], zawinąć się [colloquial, perfective], zdychać (imperfective [colloquial, perfective], zdechnąć [colloquial, perfective], zemrzeć [literary, perfective], zescknąć [dialectal, perfective], żegnać się z tym światem (imperfective) [perfective], pożegnać się z tym światem [perfective], żegnać się z życiem (imperfective [literary, perfective], pożegnać się z życiem [literary, perfective], życie uchodzi (imperfective [literary, perfective], życie uszło [literary, perfective]
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: odumarlina, odumarlizna, odumarszczyzna
Categories (other): Death Disambiguation of Death: 0 0
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "pl",
      "name": "Death",
      "orig": "pl:Death",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "odumrzeć//otumrzeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "odumrzeć//otumrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "od-",
        "3": "umrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "odumřít"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech odumřít",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć. By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć. Compare Czech odumřít.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "odumierać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzeć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrze się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarlibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarlibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarto by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyjmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyjcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "odumierać"
      },
      "expansion": "odumrzeć pf (imperfective odumierać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "od‧um‧rzeć"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "odumarlina"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "odumarlizna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "odumarszczyzna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with od-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to leave behind (to not live longer than; to be survived by)"
      ],
      "id": "en-odumrzeć-pl-verb-G1A4YUYm",
      "links": [
        [
          "leave behind",
          "leave behind"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, archaic or literary) to leave behind (to not live longer than; to be survived by)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pozostawić"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "intransitive",
        "literary",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with od-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pass away (to die)"
      ],
      "id": "en-odumrzeć-pl-verb-ideVxgLA",
      "links": [
        [
          "pass away",
          "pass away"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) to pass away (to die)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "word": "PERFECTIVE PAIR: umrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg powołał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg wezwał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg wziął do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg zabrał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "dogasać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "dogorywać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dopełniać żywota (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "literary)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dopełnić żywota"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać dni (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać dni"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać życia (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać życia"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać żywota (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać żywota"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "fikać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "colloquial)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "fiknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "gasnąć (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zgasnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "ginąć (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "typically violently and suddenly)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zginąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kipnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kitować (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykitować"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kłaść się do grobu (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "położyć się do grobu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "humorous",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kojfnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "konać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "skonać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kończyć się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "skończyć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kopnąć w kalendarz"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "korkować (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykorkować"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "korknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "mrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obumierać (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obumrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odchodzić (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odejść"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odchodzić w zaświaty (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odejść w zaświaty"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oddawać ducha (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oddać ducha"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odwalać kitę (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odwalić kitę"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "opuszczać ten świat (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "opuścić ten świat"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "paść"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać jak muchy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać ofiarą (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "paść ofiarą"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "of many people"
          ],
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pokończyć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przekręcać się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przekręcić się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się do lepszego świata (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się do lepszego świata"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się do wieczności (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się do wieczności"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się na łono Abrahama (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się na łono Abrahama"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się na tamten świat (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się na tamten świat"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się w zaświaty (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się w zaświaty"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pomrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozstawać się z życiem (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozstać się z życiem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "schodzić z tego świata (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zejść z tego świata"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "sczeznąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "składać swe kości (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "złożyć swe kości"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "składać swe kości"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "usnąć na zawsze"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągać kopyta (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągnąć kopyta"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągać holopy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wydawać ostatnie tchnienie (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wydać ostatnie tchnienie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykańczać się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykończyć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykopyrtnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wymierać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "to die out"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "to go extinct)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wymrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "humorous",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wywinąć orła"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zamknąć oczy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zamknąć powieki"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć na wieki"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć na zawsze"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć snem wiecznym"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć w Bogu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć w Panu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zawinąć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zdychać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zdechnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zemrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zescknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "żegnać się z tym światem (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pożegnać się z tym światem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "żegnać się z życiem (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pożegnać się z życiem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "życie uchodzi (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "życie uszło"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete",
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔdˈum.ʐɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umʐɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "odumrzeć"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 3-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms prefixed with od-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umʐɛt͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umʐɛt͡ɕ/3 syllables",
    "pl:Death"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "odumrzeć//otumrzeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "odumrzeć//otumrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "od-",
        "3": "umrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "odumřít"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech odumřít",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish odumrzeć /otumrzeć. By surface analysis, od- + umrzeć. Compare Czech odumřít.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "odumierać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzeć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrze się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarlibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarlibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by odumarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarto by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyjmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumrzyjcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech odumrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarłszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odumarcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "odumierać"
      },
      "expansion": "odumrzeć pf (imperfective odumierać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "od‧um‧rzeć"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "odumarlina"
    },
    {
      "word": "odumarlizna"
    },
    {
      "word": "odumarszczyzna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish intransitive verbs",
        "Polish literary terms",
        "Polish terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to leave behind (to not live longer than; to be survived by)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leave behind",
          "leave behind"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, archaic or literary) to leave behind (to not live longer than; to be survived by)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pozostawić"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "intransitive",
        "literary",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish intransitive verbs",
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pass away (to die)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pass away",
          "pass away"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) to pass away (to die)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "word": "PERFECTIVE PAIR: umrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg powołał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg wezwał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg wziął do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "Bóg zabrał do siebie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "dogasać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "dogorywać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dopełniać żywota (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "literary)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dopełnić żywota"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać dni (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać dni"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać życia (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać życia"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonywać żywota (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "dokonać żywota"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "fikać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "colloquial)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "fiknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "gasnąć (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zgasnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "ginąć (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "typically violently and suddenly)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zginąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kipnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kitować (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykitować"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kłaść się do grobu (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "położyć się do grobu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "humorous",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kojfnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "konać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "skonać"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kończyć się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "skończyć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "kopnąć w kalendarz"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "korkować (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykorkować"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "korknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "mrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obumierać (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obumrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odchodzić (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odejść"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odchodzić w zaświaty (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odejść w zaświaty"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oddawać ducha (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "oddać ducha"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odwalać kitę (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "odwalić kitę"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "opuszczać ten świat (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "opuścić ten świat"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "paść"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać jak muchy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "padać ofiarą (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "paść ofiarą"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "of many people"
          ],
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pokończyć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przekręcać się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przekręcić się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się do lepszego świata (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się do lepszego świata"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się do wieczności (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się do wieczności"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się na łono Abrahama (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się na łono Abrahama"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się na tamten świat (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się na tamten świat"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenosić się w zaświaty (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "przenieść się w zaświaty"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pomrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozstawać się z życiem (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "rozstać się z życiem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "schodzić z tego świata (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zejść z tego świata"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "sczeznąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "składać swe kości (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "złożyć swe kości"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "składać swe kości"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "usnąć na zawsze"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągać kopyta (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągnąć kopyta"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyciągać holopy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wydawać ostatnie tchnienie (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wydać ostatnie tchnienie"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykańczać się (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykończyć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykopyrtnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wymierać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "to die out"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "to go extinct)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wymrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "humorous",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wywinąć orła"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zamknąć oczy"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zamknąć powieki"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć na wieki"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć na zawsze"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć snem wiecznym"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć w Bogu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zasnąć w Panu"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zawinąć się"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zdychać (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zdechnąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zemrzeć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zescknąć"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "żegnać się z tym światem (imperfective)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pożegnać się z tym światem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "żegnać się z życiem (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "pożegnać się z życiem"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "życie uchodzi (imperfective"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:umierać",
          "tags": [
            "literary",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "życie uszło"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete",
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔdˈum.ʐɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umʐɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "odumrzeć"
}

Download raw JSONL data for odumrzeć meaning in All languages combined (20.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.