See niþer on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for niþer meaning in All languages combined (8.0kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "upp"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nithere",
"3": "nethere",
"4": "nether"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nether"
},
"expansion": "English: nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nether",
"3": "nedder"
},
"expansion": "Scots: nether, nedder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: nether, nedder"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ni-",
"3": "",
"4": "down, below"
},
"expansion": "*ni- (“down, below”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "nidar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German nidar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "niðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse niðr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer from the comparative of Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“down, below”). Cognate with Old High German nidar, Old Norse niðr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niþer",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "niþera"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And they arose and shoved him from the city. And led him over the mount's top. Over that their city was built. That they thrusted him downward.",
"roman": "And hiġ ārīson and scūfon hine of ðǣre ceastre. And lǣddon hine ofer ðæs muntes cnæpp. Ofer þone hyra buruh ġetimbrud wæs. þ hī hyne nyðer bescūfon.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 4, verse 29",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "By that is betokened, that his trust shall, and his mind, more upwards than downwards aspire to the heavens.",
"roman": "Mid þȳ is ġetācnod þæt his trēowa sceal, and his mōdġeþonc, mā up þonne niþer habban tō heofonum.",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 85-89",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He descended from heaven for the redemption of the world, and therefore were his feet turned downwards.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"THE PASSION OF THE APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL\"\nHe astah of heofonum for middangeardes alysednysse, and wæron forði his fet niðer awende.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards, downward"
],
"id": "en-niþer-ang-adv-aqh7~8Z6",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
],
[
"downward",
"downward"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈni.ðer]"
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *niþer\nOld English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder\nOld Frisian: nither, nether\nWest Frisian: near\nOld Saxon: nithar\nMiddle Low German: nider\nLow German: nedder\nOld Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer\nOld High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *niþer\nOld English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder\nOld Frisian: nither, nether\nWest Frisian: near\nOld Saxon: nithar\nMiddle Low German: nider\nLow German: nedder\nOld Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer\nOld High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "niðr",
"id": "down"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: niðr\nIcelandic: niður\nFaroese: niður\nNorwegian: ned, ner\nOld Swedish: niþer, niþ, nedher, nedh\nSwedish: ned, ner, neder\nOld Danish:\nDanish: ned\nOld Gutnish: niþer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: niðr\nIcelandic: niður\nFaroese: niður\nNorwegian: ned, ner\nOld Swedish: niþer, niþ, nedher, nedh\nSwedish: ned, ner, neder\nOld Danish:\nDanish: ned\nOld Gutnish: niþer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"4": "*niter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *niter",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नितराम्",
"3": "",
"4": "down, downwards"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit नितराम् (nitarām, “down, downwards”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *niter. Compare Sanskrit नितराम् (nitarām, “down, downwards”).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/niþer",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards"
],
"id": "en-niþer-gem-pro-adv-72uEmE4u",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niþra"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "niþer"
},
"expansion": "Old English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "nither",
"3": "nether"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: nither, nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: nither, nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "near"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: near",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: near"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "nithar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: nithar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: nithar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nider"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: nider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: nider"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "nedder"
},
"expansion": "Low German: nedder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: nedder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "nither"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "nidar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "adverbs"
},
"expansion": "*niþer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niþer",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards"
],
"id": "en-niþer-gmw-pro-prep-72uEmE4u",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "upp"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "niþera"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nithere",
"3": "nethere",
"4": "nether"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nether"
},
"expansion": "English: nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nether",
"3": "nedder"
},
"expansion": "Scots: nether, nedder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: nether, nedder"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ni-",
"3": "",
"4": "down, below"
},
"expansion": "*ni- (“down, below”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "nidar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German nidar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "niðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse niðr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer from the comparative of Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“down, below”). Cognate with Old High German nidar, Old Norse niðr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niþer",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English adverbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And they arose and shoved him from the city. And led him over the mount's top. Over that their city was built. That they thrusted him downward.",
"roman": "And hiġ ārīson and scūfon hine of ðǣre ceastre. And lǣddon hine ofer ðæs muntes cnæpp. Ofer þone hyra buruh ġetimbrud wæs. þ hī hyne nyðer bescūfon.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 4, verse 29",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "By that is betokened, that his trust shall, and his mind, more upwards than downwards aspire to the heavens.",
"roman": "Mid þȳ is ġetācnod þæt his trēowa sceal, and his mōdġeþonc, mā up þonne niþer habban tō heofonum.",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 85-89",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "He descended from heaven for the redemption of the world, and therefore were his feet turned downwards.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"THE PASSION OF THE APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL\"\nHe astah of heofonum for middangeardes alysednysse, and wæron forði his fet niðer awende.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards, downward"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
],
[
"downward",
"downward"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈni.ðer]"
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *niþer\nOld English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder\nOld Frisian: nither, nether\nWest Frisian: near\nOld Saxon: nithar\nMiddle Low German: nider\nLow German: nedder\nOld Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer\nOld High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *niþer\nOld English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder\nOld Frisian: nither, nether\nWest Frisian: near\nOld Saxon: nithar\nMiddle Low German: nider\nLow German: nedder\nOld Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer\nOld High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "niðr",
"id": "down"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: niðr\nIcelandic: niður\nFaroese: niður\nNorwegian: ned, ner\nOld Swedish: niþer, niþ, nedher, nedh\nSwedish: ned, ner, neder\nOld Danish:\nDanish: ned\nOld Gutnish: niþer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: niðr\nIcelandic: niður\nFaroese: niður\nNorwegian: ned, ner\nOld Swedish: niþer, niþ, nedher, nedh\nSwedish: ned, ner, neder\nOld Danish:\nDanish: ned\nOld Gutnish: niþer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"4": "*niter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *niter",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "नितराम्",
"3": "",
"4": "down, downwards"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit नितराम् (nitarām, “down, downwards”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *niter. Compare Sanskrit नितराम् (nitarām, “down, downwards”).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/niþer",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic adverbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niþra"
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "niþer"
},
"expansion": "Old English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: niþer\nMiddle English: nithere, nethere, nether\nEnglish: nether\nScots: nether, nedder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "nither",
"3": "nether"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: nither, nether",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: nither, nether"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "near"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: near",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: near"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "nithar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: nithar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: nithar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nider"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: nider",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: nider"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "nedder"
},
"expansion": "Low German: nedder",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: nedder"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "nither"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: nither\nMiddle Dutch: nēder\nDutch: neder, neer\nAfrikaans: neer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "nidar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: nidar\nMiddle High German: nider, neider\nGerman: nieder\nHunsrik: nitter\nLuxembourgish: nidder\nVilamovian: nejder"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*niþer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "preposition",
"cat2": "adverbs"
},
"expansion": "*niþer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niþer",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic adverbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic prepositions",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "niþer"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.