"niþer" meaning in Old English

See niþer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /ˈni.θer/, [ˈni.ðer]
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *niþer from the comparative of Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“down, below”). Cognate with Old High German nidar, Old Norse niðr. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*niþer}} Proto-Germanic *niþer, {{m|ine-pro|*ni-||down, below}} *ni- (“down, below”), {{cog|goh|nidar}} Old High German nidar, {{cog|non|niðr}} Old Norse niðr Head templates: {{ang-adv}} niþer
  1. down, downwards, downward Derived forms: niþera
    Sense id: en-niþer-ang-adv-aqh7~8Z6 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for niþer meaning in Old English (2.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "upp"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nithere",
            "3": "nethere",
            "4": "nether"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "nether"
          },
          "expansion": "English: nether",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: nether"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "nether",
            "3": "nedder"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: nether, nedder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: nether, nedder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*niþer"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ni-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "down, below"
      },
      "expansion": "*ni- (“down, below”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "nidar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German nidar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "niðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse niðr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer from the comparative of Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“down, below”). Cognate with Old High German nidar, Old Norse niðr.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "niþer",
      "name": "ang-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "niþera"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And they arose and shoved him from the city. And led him over the mount's top. Over that their city was built. That they thrusted him downward.",
          "roman": "And hiġ ārīson and scūfon hine of ðǣre ceastre. And lǣddon hine ofer ðæs muntes cnæpp. Ofer þone hyra buruh ġetimbrud wæs. þ hī hyne nyðer bescūfon.",
          "text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 4, verse 29",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "By that is betokened, that his trust shall, and his mind, more upwards than downwards aspire to the heavens.",
          "roman": "Mid þȳ is ġetācnod þæt his trēowa sceal, and his mōdġeþonc, mā up þonne niþer habban tō heofonum.",
          "text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 85-89",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "He descended from heaven for the redemption of the world, and therefore were his feet turned downwards.",
          "text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"THE PASSION OF THE APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL\"\nHe astah of heofonum for middangeardes alysednysse, and wæron forði his fet niðer awende.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "down, downwards, downward"
      ],
      "id": "en-niþer-ang-adv-aqh7~8Z6",
      "links": [
        [
          "down",
          "down"
        ],
        [
          "downwards",
          "downwards"
        ],
        [
          "downward",
          "downward"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈni.ðer]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "niþer"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "upp"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "niþera"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nithere",
            "3": "nethere",
            "4": "nether"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "nether"
          },
          "expansion": "English: nether",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: nether"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "nether",
            "3": "nedder"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: nether, nedder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: nether, nedder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*niþer"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *niþer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ni-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "down, below"
      },
      "expansion": "*ni- (“down, below”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "nidar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German nidar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "niðr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse niðr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *niþer from the comparative of Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“down, below”). Cognate with Old High German nidar, Old Norse niðr.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "niþer",
      "name": "ang-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English adverbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And they arose and shoved him from the city. And led him over the mount's top. Over that their city was built. That they thrusted him downward.",
          "roman": "And hiġ ārīson and scūfon hine of ðǣre ceastre. And lǣddon hine ofer ðæs muntes cnæpp. Ofer þone hyra buruh ġetimbrud wæs. þ hī hyne nyðer bescūfon.",
          "text": "\"Gospel of Saint Luke\", chapter 4, verse 29",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "By that is betokened, that his trust shall, and his mind, more upwards than downwards aspire to the heavens.",
          "roman": "Mid þȳ is ġetācnod þæt his trēowa sceal, and his mōdġeþonc, mā up þonne niþer habban tō heofonum.",
          "text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 85-89",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "He descended from heaven for the redemption of the world, and therefore were his feet turned downwards.",
          "text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"THE PASSION OF THE APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL\"\nHe astah of heofonum for middangeardes alysednysse, and wæron forði his fet niðer awende.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "down, downwards, downward"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "down",
          "down"
        ],
        [
          "downwards",
          "downwards"
        ],
        [
          "downward",
          "downward"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈni.θer/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈni.ðer]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "niþer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.