"naște" meaning in All languages combined

See naște on Wiktionary

Verb [Romanian]

IPA: /ˈnaʃte/ Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-naște.wav , LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-naște.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Latin nascere. Compare Aromanian nascu. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|nascor|nascere||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin nascere, {{inh+|ro|la|nascor|nascere}} Inherited from Latin nascere, {{cog|rup|nascu}} Aromanian nascu Head templates: {{ro-verb|naște|născut|conj=3}} a naște (third-person singular present naște, past participle născut) 3rd conj. Inflection templates: {{ro-conj-e-ut|nasc|născ}} Forms: a naște [canonical], naște [present, singular, third-person], născut [participle, past], conjugation-3 [table-tags], a naște [infinitive], născând [gerund], născut [participle, past], nasc [first-person, indicative, present, singular], naști [indicative, present, second-person, singular], naște [indicative, present, singular, third-person], naștem [first-person, indicative, plural, present], nașteți [indicative, plural, present, second-person], nasc [indicative, plural, present, third-person], nășteam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], nășteai [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], năștea [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], nășteam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], nășteați [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], nășteau [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], născui [first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], născuși [indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], născu [indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], născurăm [first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], născurăți [indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], născură [indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], născusem [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], născuseși [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], născuse [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], născuserăm [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], născuserăți [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], născuseră [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], să nasc [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], să naști [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], să nască [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], să naștem [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], să nașteți [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], să nască [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], naște [imperative, second-person, singular], nașteți [imperative, plural, second-person], nu naște [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], nu nașteți [imperative, negative, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to give birth to; to bear Tags: conjugation-3, transitive
    Sense id: en-naște-ro-verb-2wUw4oPK
  2. (reflexive) to be born Tags: conjugation-3, reflexive
    Sense id: en-naște-ro-verb-EV6qaD57 Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 3rd conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 8 92 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 3rd conjugation: 30 70
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: naștere Related terms: nat

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for naște meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "naștere"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nascor",
        "4": "nascere",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nascere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nascor",
        "4": "nascere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin nascere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rup",
        "2": "nascu"
      },
      "expansion": "Aromanian nascu",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin nascere. Compare Aromanian nascu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a naște",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născut",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-3",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-e-ut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naști",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naștem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "năștea",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născurăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născusem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să naști",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nască",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să naștem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nască",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "naște",
        "2": "născut",
        "conj": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "a naște (third-person singular present naște, past participle născut) 3rd conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nasc",
        "2": "născ"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-e-ut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nat"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to give birth to; to bear"
      ],
      "id": "en-naște-ro-verb-2wUw4oPK",
      "links": [
        [
          "give birth",
          "give birth"
        ],
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to give birth to; to bear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-3",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 3rd conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I was born in 1988.",
          "text": "M-am născut în 1988.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be born"
      ],
      "id": "en-naște-ro-verb-EV6qaD57",
      "links": [
        [
          "born",
          "born"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to be born"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-3",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnaʃte/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-naște.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-naște.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "naște"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Romanian terms with audio links",
    "Romanian verbs",
    "Romanian verbs in 3rd conjugation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "naștere"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nascor",
        "4": "nascere",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nascere",
      "name": "inh"
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        "4": "nascere"
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      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rup",
        "2": "nascu"
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      "expansion": "Aromanian nascu",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin nascere. Compare Aromanian nascu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a naște",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născut",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-3",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-e-ut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naști",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naștem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "năștea",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nășteau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născurăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născusem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "născuseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nasc",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să naști",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nască",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să naștem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să nască",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu naște",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu nașteți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "naște",
        "2": "născut",
        "conj": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "a naște (third-person singular present naște, past participle născut) 3rd conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nasc",
        "2": "născ"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-e-ut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "nat"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give birth to; to bear"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give birth",
          "give birth"
        ],
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to give birth to; to bear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-3",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian reflexive verbs",
        "Romanian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I was born in 1988.",
          "text": "M-am născut în 1988.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be born"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "born",
          "born"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to be born"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-3",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnaʃte/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-naște.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-na%C8%99te.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-naște.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-na%C8%99te.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "naște"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.