See mzungu on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sw",
"3": "mzungu"
},
"expansion": "Swahili mzungu",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Swahili mzungu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mzungus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wazungu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "wazungu"
},
"expansion": "mzungu (plural mzungus or wazungu)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "East African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Amharic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chichewa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dhuwal translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mwani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zulu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 50 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 50 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mzungu time"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888, Joseph Thomson, E. Harris-Smith, Ulu: an African romance: Volume 1:",
"text": "I have given my daughter to an mzungu, and he says he will make her like the wives of the white men.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Dan McNickle, Teaching and Hunting in East Africa:",
"text": "suspicion about an mzungu wanting a copy of the country's constitution",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A white person."
],
"id": "en-mzungu-en-noun-qcoW7nC2",
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Africa) A white person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "umlungu"
},
{
"word": "white person"
},
{
"word": "muzungu"
},
{
"word": "umuzungu"
}
],
"tags": [
"Africa",
"East"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "färänǧ",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "ፈረንጅ"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "mzungu"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwai² lou²",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"code": "dwu",
"lang": "Dhuwal",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "balanda"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mzungu",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mzoungou"
},
{
"code": "wmw",
"lang": "Mwani",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "nzungu"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "mzungu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "umlungu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/(ə)mˈzʊnɡuː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-cmn",
"3": "*mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀"
},
"expansion": "Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "An early borrowing from another African language, ultimately from Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "azungu",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzungu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "mzungu class 1 (plural azungu class 2)",
"name": "ny-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 50 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 50 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"white person"
],
"id": "en-mzungu-ny-noun-h5sxWIrX",
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-1"
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mˈzu.ᵑɡu/"
}
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-cmn",
"3": "*mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀"
},
"expansion": "Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mzungu class I",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wazungu class II",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa"
},
"expansion": "mzungu class I (plural wazungu class II)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"European, white person"
],
"id": "en-mzungu-sw-noun-f~5~vDHs",
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mweupe"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "People",
"orig": "sw:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rich person (who is not white)"
],
"id": "en-mzungu-sw-noun-eAN8BaEK",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"rich",
"rich"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) rich person (who is not white)"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mˈzu.ᵑɡu/"
},
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-mzungu.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu",
"sw:mzungu"
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sw:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-cmn",
"3": "*mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀"
},
"expansion": "Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "An early borrowing from another African language, ultimately from Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "azungu",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzungu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "mzungu class 1 (plural azungu class 2)",
"name": "ny-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chichewa class 1 nouns",
"Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"Chichewa lemmas",
"Chichewa nouns",
"Chichewa terms derived from Common Bantu",
"Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chichewa terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"white person"
],
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-1"
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mˈzu.ᵑɡu/"
}
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sw:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mzungu time"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sw",
"3": "mzungu"
},
"expansion": "Swahili mzungu",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Swahili mzungu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mzungus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wazungu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "wazungu"
},
"expansion": "mzungu (plural mzungus or wazungu)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"East African English",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Swahili",
"English terms derived from Swahili",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Terms with Amharic translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Chichewa translations",
"Terms with Dhuwal translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Mwani translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888, Joseph Thomson, E. Harris-Smith, Ulu: an African romance: Volume 1:",
"text": "I have given my daughter to an mzungu, and he says he will make her like the wives of the white men.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Dan McNickle, Teaching and Hunting in East Africa:",
"text": "suspicion about an mzungu wanting a copy of the country's constitution",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A white person."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Africa) A white person."
],
"tags": [
"Africa",
"East"
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/(ə)mˈzʊnɡuː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "umlungu"
},
{
"word": "white person"
},
{
"word": "muzungu"
},
{
"word": "umuzungu"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "färänǧ",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "ፈረንጅ"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "mzungu"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwai² lou²",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"code": "dwu",
"lang": "Dhuwal",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "balanda"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mzungu",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mzoungou"
},
{
"code": "wmw",
"lang": "Mwani",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "nzungu"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "mzungu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "mzungu",
"word": "umlungu"
}
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili class I nouns",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili nouns",
"Swahili terms derived from Common Bantu",
"sw:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-cmn",
"3": "*mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀"
},
"expansion": "Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Common Bantu *mʊ̀díʊ́ngʊ̀.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mzungu class I",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wazungu class II",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa"
},
"expansion": "mzungu class I (plural wazungu class II)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"European, white person"
],
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"white",
"white"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mweupe"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swahili derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"rich person (who is not white)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"rich",
"rich"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) rich person (who is not white)"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mˈzu.ᵑɡu/"
},
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-mzungu.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac/Sw-ke-mzungu.flac.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"mzungu",
"sw:mzungu"
],
"word": "mzungu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mzungu meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.