See munus on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commūnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "immūnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerābundus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerigerulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnerō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūniceps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnificēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnificus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnicipium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mūnusculum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "remūnerō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: muno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: muno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "múnus"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: múnus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: múnus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*moinos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *moinos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*moy-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gamainiz",
"3": "",
"4": "shared, communal, public"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gamainiz (“shared, communal, public”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *moinos.\nLike mūnia (“duties”), it is derived from Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós, from *mey- (“change, swap”). As is the case with such derivatives as \"municipality\", and \"immunity\", the concept of trading goods and services in a way that conforms to a society's laws is quite pertinent to this term. From the addition of the \"com-\" prefix came commūnis (“common, public”), which is cognate to Proto-Germanic *gamainiz (“shared, communal, public”).\nThe semantic shift to 'gift' is explained by Sextus Pompeius Festus thus:\n*",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūnus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnerī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūnus/mūner<3>"
},
"expansion": "mūnus n (genitive mūneris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūnus/mūner<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 14 9 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] so that with more pleasure, hearing\nhimself being hurried to his\noffice, towards here might come\nthe herald of the good Venus, of the good\nlove uniter.",
"ref": "c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 61.41–45",
"roman": "coniugātor amōris.",
"text": "[…] ut lubentius, audiēns\nsē citārier ad suum\nmūnus, hūc aditum ferat\ndux bonae Veneris, bonī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a service, office, employment"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-BCJCszr5",
"links": [
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"employment",
"employment"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ministerium"
},
{
"word": "negōtium"
},
{
"word": "officium"
},
{
"word": "cūra"
},
{
"word": "cūrātiō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a burden, duty, obligation"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-CasdVN5F",
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 14 9 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a service, favor"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-cBhIKugI",
"links": [
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"favor",
"favor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a spectacle, public show"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-HK-nlwGp",
"links": [
[
"spectacle",
"spectacle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 14 9 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just slowly take a walk under the shadow,\nwhen the sun goes towards the back of the Herculean lion;\nor where the mother to her son's buildings her own buildings\nhas added, a work rich by its exterior marble.",
"ref": "2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.67–70",
"roman": "addidit, externō marmore dīves opus.",
"text": "Tū modo Pompeiā lentus spatiāre sub umbrā,\ncum sōl Herculeī terga leōnis adit:\naut ubi mūneribus nātī sua mūnera māter"
},
{
"english": "Here where we wonder at the speedy public building of a bath,\na vain tract of land had taken the houses away from the poor.",
"ref": "c.''' 81 CE, Martial, Dē Spectāculīs 2.7–8",
"roman": "abstulerat miserīs tēcta superbus ager.",
"text": "Hīc ubi mīrāmur vēlōcia mūnera thermās,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a public building made at the expense of an individual"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-MtVp5qwD",
"links": [
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) a public building made at the expense of an individual"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 2 4 1 5 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 9 14 9 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 2 7 2 5 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 2 5 2 4 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "On stubble he was enjoying the gifts of peaceful sleep",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.185",
"text": "in stipulā placidī capiēbat mūnera somnī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a gift"
],
"id": "en-munus-la-noun-t-iNiyCN",
"links": [
[
"gift",
"gift"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "praemium"
},
{
"word": "datum"
},
{
"word": "donum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmuː.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuːnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmu.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuːnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "moenus"
}
],
"word": "munus"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "munus",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "munus",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "munus",
"word": "𒊩"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒊩 (munus)"
],
"id": "en-munus-sux-romanization-TR5qrHkn",
"links": [
[
"𒊩",
"𒊩#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "munus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "commūnis"
},
{
"word": "immūnis"
},
{
"word": "mūnerābundus"
},
{
"word": "mūnerālis"
},
{
"word": "mūnerārius"
},
{
"word": "mūnerātiō"
},
{
"word": "mūnerātor"
},
{
"word": "mūnerigerulus"
},
{
"word": "mūnerō"
},
{
"word": "mūnia"
},
{
"word": "mūniceps"
},
{
"word": "mūnificēns"
},
{
"word": "mūnificus"
},
{
"word": "mūnicipium"
},
{
"word": "mūnis"
},
{
"word": "mūnusculum"
},
{
"word": "remūnerō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: muno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: muno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "múnus"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: múnus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: múnus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*moinos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *moinos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*moy-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gamainiz",
"3": "",
"4": "shared, communal, public"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gamainiz (“shared, communal, public”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *moinos.\nLike mūnia (“duties”), it is derived from Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós, from *mey- (“change, swap”). As is the case with such derivatives as \"municipality\", and \"immunity\", the concept of trading goods and services in a way that conforms to a society's laws is quite pertinent to this term. From the addition of the \"com-\" prefix came commūnis (“common, public”), which is cognate to Proto-Germanic *gamainiz (“shared, communal, public”).\nThe semantic shift to 'gift' is explained by Sextus Pompeius Festus thus:\n*",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūnus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnerī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mūneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mūnera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūnus/mūner<3>"
},
"expansion": "mūnus n (genitive mūneris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mūnus/mūner<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] so that with more pleasure, hearing\nhimself being hurried to his\noffice, towards here might come\nthe herald of the good Venus, of the good\nlove uniter.",
"ref": "c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 61.41–45",
"roman": "coniugātor amōris.",
"text": "[…] ut lubentius, audiēns\nsē citārier ad suum\nmūnus, hūc aditum ferat\ndux bonae Veneris, bonī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a service, office, employment"
],
"links": [
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"office",
"office"
],
[
"employment",
"employment"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ministerium"
},
{
"word": "negōtium"
},
{
"word": "officium"
},
{
"word": "cūra"
},
{
"word": "cūrātiō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a burden, duty, obligation"
],
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a service, favor"
],
"links": [
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"favor",
"favor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a spectacle, public show"
],
"links": [
[
"spectacle",
"spectacle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just slowly take a walk under the shadow,\nwhen the sun goes towards the back of the Herculean lion;\nor where the mother to her son's buildings her own buildings\nhas added, a work rich by its exterior marble.",
"ref": "2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.67–70",
"roman": "addidit, externō marmore dīves opus.",
"text": "Tū modo Pompeiā lentus spatiāre sub umbrā,\ncum sōl Herculeī terga leōnis adit:\naut ubi mūneribus nātī sua mūnera māter"
},
{
"english": "Here where we wonder at the speedy public building of a bath,\na vain tract of land had taken the houses away from the poor.",
"ref": "c.''' 81 CE, Martial, Dē Spectāculīs 2.7–8",
"roman": "abstulerat miserīs tēcta superbus ager.",
"text": "Hīc ubi mīrāmur vēlōcia mūnera thermās,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a public building made at the expense of an individual"
],
"links": [
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) a public building made at the expense of an individual"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "On stubble he was enjoying the gifts of peaceful sleep",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.185",
"text": "in stipulā placidī capiēbat mūnera somnī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a gift"
],
"links": [
[
"gift",
"gift"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "praemium"
},
{
"word": "datum"
},
{
"word": "donum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmuː.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuːnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmu.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmuːnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "moenus"
}
],
"word": "munus"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "munus",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "munus",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "munus",
"word": "𒊩"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sumerian non-lemma forms",
"Sumerian romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒊩 (munus)"
],
"links": [
[
"𒊩",
"𒊩#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "munus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for munus meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.