See mamaw on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_text": "Probably an affectionate alteration of mama or reduplication of mother.", "forms": [ { "form": "mamaws", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "mamaw (plural mamaws)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "papaw" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "British English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "35 30 36", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "One's mother." ], "id": "en-mamaw-en-noun-mjNPNNZu", "qualifier": "Scottish lowlands", "raw_glosses": [ "(UK, dialect, Scottish lowlands) One's mother." ], "tags": [ "UK", "dialectal" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "American English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Southern US English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "35 30 36", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "26 48 26", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Female family members", "orig": "en:Female family members", "parents": [ "Family members", "Female people", "Family", "Female", "People", "Gender", "Human", "Biology", "Psychology", "Sociology", "All topics", "Sciences", "Social sciences", "Fundamental", "Society" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "One's grandmother, especially one's maternal grandmother." ], "id": "en-mamaw-en-noun-G8E2T6Yx", "links": [ [ "grandmother", "grandmother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(US, dialect, Southern US) One's grandmother, especially one's maternal grandmother." ], "tags": [ "Southern-US", "US", "dialectal" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "American English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Southern US English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "35 30 36", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "One's mother." ], "id": "en-mamaw-en-noun-mjNPNNZu1", "links": [ [ "mother", "mother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(US, dialect, Southern US, less commonly) One's mother." ], "tags": [ "Southern-US", "US", "dialectal", "uncommon" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "meemaw" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "memaw" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "mammaw" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "mawmaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; talented; intelligent" }, "expansion": "Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”).", "forms": [ { "form": "mámaw", "tags": [ "canonical" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mámaw" }, "expansion": "mámaw", "name": "ceb-noun" } ], "lang": "Cebuano", "lang_code": "ceb", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Cebuano terms without Badlit script", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template", "parents": [ "Pronunciation templates", "Templates" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "29 11 10 12 21 6 9 1 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "24 12 10 12 18 8 13 0 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "Don’t go out because there is a bogeyman.", "text": "Ayawg kanáug sa sílung kay náay mámaw.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "bogeyman; monster; devil; demon" ], "id": "en-mamaw-ceb-noun-9DVwj5co", "links": [ [ "bogeyman", "bogeyman" ], [ "monster", "monster" ], [ "devil", "devil" ], [ "demon", "demon" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "mawmaw" } ] } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; talented; intelligent" }, "expansion": "Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”) and Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”).", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "mamaw", "name": "hil-noun" } ], "lang": "Hiligaynon", "lang_code": "hil", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Hiligaynon entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template", "parents": [ "Pronunciation templates", "Templates" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "elf; goblin; sprite; fairy; ghost; etc." ], "id": "en-mamaw-hil-noun-Hu4kadxg", "links": [ [ "elf", "elf" ], [ "goblin", "goblin" ], [ "sprite", "sprite" ], [ "fairy", "fairy" ], [ "ghost", "ghost" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "mamamáhoy" }, { "word": "tamáo" }, { "word": "tumáo" }, { "word": "kamâkamâ" } ] } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "halimaw" }, "expansion": "Tagalog halimaw", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*qari-mauŋ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”). Possibly related to Tagalog halimaw, which is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ.", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜋᜋᜏ᜔", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "mamaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜋᜏ᜔)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ma‧maw" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "32 51 1 15", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 44 2 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 15 6 37", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 44 2 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "ghost" ], "id": "en-mamaw-tl-noun-6tbvA9Ye", "links": [ [ "childish", "childish" ], [ "ghost", "ghost" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(childish) ghost" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "multo" }, { "word": "mumu" } ], "tags": [ "childish" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "monster" ], "id": "en-mamaw-tl-noun-vqr6UQvM", "links": [ [ "childish", "childish" ], [ "monster", "monster" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(childish) monster" ], "tags": [ "childish" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "42 44 2 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 15 6 37", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 44 2 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "Bryan is a monster/brilliant, since he knows no less than five languages.", "text": "Mamaw si Bryan, dahil marunong siya ng hindi kumulang sa limang wika.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "very talented or intelligent person" ], "id": "en-mamaw-tl-noun-DVa9VRJk", "links": [ [ "talented", "talented" ], [ "intelligent", "intelligent" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial) very talented or intelligent person" ], "tags": [ "colloquial" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmamaw/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈmaː.maʊ̯]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-amaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "halimaw" }, "expansion": "Tagalog halimaw", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*qari-mauŋ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”). Possibly related to Tagalog halimaw, which is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ.", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜋᜋᜏ᜔", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "mamaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜋᜏ᜔)", "name": "tl-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ma‧maw" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "42 44 2 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "42 15 6 37", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "40 44 2 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "ferocious; bestially cruel" ], "id": "en-mamaw-tl-adj-Z-GzORfP", "links": [ [ "ferocious", "ferocious" ], [ "bestially", "bestially" ], [ "cruel", "cruel" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "halimaw" }, { "word": "mabangis" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmamaw/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈmaː.maʊ̯]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-amaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; talented; intelligent" }, "expansion": "Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”).", "forms": [ { "form": "mámaw", "tags": [ "canonical" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mámaw" }, "expansion": "mámaw", "name": "ceb-noun" } ], "lang": "Cebuano", "lang_code": "ceb", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header", "Cebuano lemmas", "Cebuano nouns", "Cebuano terms with usage examples", "Cebuano terms without Badlit script", "Cebuano terms without pronunciation template", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "examples": [ { "english": "Don’t go out because there is a bogeyman.", "text": "Ayawg kanáug sa sílung kay náay mámaw.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "bogeyman; monster; devil; demon" ], "links": [ [ "bogeyman", "bogeyman" ], [ "monster", "monster" ], [ "devil", "devil" ], [ "demon", "demon" ] ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "mawmaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "en:Female family members" ], "etymology_text": "Probably an affectionate alteration of mama or reduplication of mother.", "forms": [ { "form": "mamaws", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "mamaw (plural mamaws)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "papaw" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "British English", "English dialectal terms" ], "glosses": [ "One's mother." ], "qualifier": "Scottish lowlands", "raw_glosses": [ "(UK, dialect, Scottish lowlands) One's mother." ], "tags": [ "UK", "dialectal" ] }, { "categories": [ "American English", "English dialectal terms", "Southern US English" ], "glosses": [ "One's grandmother, especially one's maternal grandmother." ], "links": [ [ "grandmother", "grandmother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(US, dialect, Southern US) One's grandmother, especially one's maternal grandmother." ], "tags": [ "Southern-US", "US", "dialectal" ] }, { "categories": [ "American English", "English dialectal terms", "Southern US English" ], "glosses": [ "One's mother." ], "links": [ [ "mother", "mother" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(US, dialect, Southern US, less commonly) One's mother." ], "tags": [ "Southern-US", "US", "dialectal", "uncommon" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "meemaw" }, { "word": "memaw" }, { "word": "mammaw" }, { "word": "mawmaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; talented; intelligent" }, "expansion": "Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Tagalog mamaw (“monster; talented; intelligent”) and Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”).", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "mamaw", "name": "hil-noun" } ], "lang": "Hiligaynon", "lang_code": "hil", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Hiligaynon entries with incorrect language header", "Hiligaynon lemmas", "Hiligaynon nouns", "Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "elf; goblin; sprite; fairy; ghost; etc." ], "links": [ [ "elf", "elf" ], [ "goblin", "goblin" ], [ "sprite", "sprite" ], [ "fairy", "fairy" ], [ "ghost", "ghost" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "mamamáhoy" }, { "word": "tamáo" }, { "word": "tumáo" }, { "word": "kamâkamâ" } ] } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Tagalog/amaw", "Rhymes:Tagalog/amaw/2 syllables", "Tagalog 2-syllable words", "Tagalog adjectives", "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "Tagalog lemmas", "Tagalog nouns", "Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian", "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "halimaw" }, "expansion": "Tagalog halimaw", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*qari-mauŋ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”). Possibly related to Tagalog halimaw, which is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ.", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜋᜋᜏ᜔", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "mamaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜋᜏ᜔)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ma‧maw" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Tagalog childish terms" ], "glosses": [ "ghost" ], "links": [ [ "childish", "childish" ], [ "ghost", "ghost" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(childish) ghost" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "multo" }, { "word": "mumu" } ], "tags": [ "childish" ] }, { "categories": [ "Tagalog childish terms" ], "glosses": [ "monster" ], "links": [ [ "childish", "childish" ], [ "monster", "monster" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(childish) monster" ], "tags": [ "childish" ] }, { "categories": [ "Tagalog colloquialisms", "Tagalog terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "Bryan is a monster/brilliant, since he knows no less than five languages.", "text": "Mamaw si Bryan, dahil marunong siya ng hindi kumulang sa limang wika.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "very talented or intelligent person" ], "links": [ [ "talented", "talented" ], [ "intelligent", "intelligent" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial) very talented or intelligent person" ], "tags": [ "colloquial" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmamaw/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈmaː.maʊ̯]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-amaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Tagalog/amaw", "Rhymes:Tagalog/amaw/2 syllables", "Tagalog 2-syllable words", "Tagalog adjectives", "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "Tagalog lemmas", "Tagalog nouns", "Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian", "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ceb", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "monster; devil; demon" }, "expansion": "Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "hil", "2": "mamaw", "3": "", "4": "Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc." }, "expansion": "Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "halimaw" }, "expansion": "Tagalog halimaw", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*qari-mauŋ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Cognate with Cebuano mamaw (“monster; devil; demon”) and Hiligaynon mamaw (“Elf, goblin, sprite, fairy, ghost, etc.”). Possibly related to Tagalog halimaw, which is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qari-mauŋ.", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜋᜋᜏ᜔", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "mamaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜋᜏ᜔)", "name": "tl-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ma‧maw" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "ferocious; bestially cruel" ], "links": [ [ "ferocious", "ferocious" ], [ "bestially", "bestially" ], [ "cruel", "cruel" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "halimaw" }, { "word": "mabangis" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmamaw/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈmaː.maʊ̯]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-amaw" } ], "word": "mamaw" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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