See lesn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "lesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lesen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "lesan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lesaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*les-",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lease",
"3": "",
"4": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "English lease (“to gather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lesen",
"3": "",
"4": "to read"
},
"expansion": "German lesen (“to read”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lezen",
"3": "",
"4": "to read"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lezen (“to read”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German lesen, from Old High German lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”). Cognate with English lease (“to gather”) [with an obsolete meaning], cognate with German lesen (“to read”) and Dutch lezen (“to read”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glesn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bar-conj\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lesadn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lests",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesads",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lests",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "glesn"
},
"expansion": "lesn (past participle glesn)",
"name": "bar-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"imp-pl": "lests",
"imp-sg": "les",
"part-past": "glesn",
"pres-pl": "lesn",
"pres-pl2": "lests",
"pres-sg1": "les",
"pres-sg2": "lest",
"pres-sg3": "lest",
"subj-pl": "lesadn",
"subj-pl2": "lesads",
"subj-sg": "lesad",
"subj-sg2": "lesast"
},
"name": "bar-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "auslesn"
},
{
"word": "derlesn"
},
{
"word": "eilesn"
},
{
"word": "einelesn"
},
{
"word": "fertiglesn"
},
{
"word": "gegnlesn"
},
{
"word": "iwalesn"
},
{
"word": "nåchlesn"
},
{
"word": "owelesn"
},
{
"word": "verlesn"
},
{
"word": "vualesn"
},
{
"word": "ålesn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)"
],
"id": "en-lesn-bar-verb-yNiopWez",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːsn̩/"
}
],
"word": "lesn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "auslesn"
},
{
"word": "derlesn"
},
{
"word": "eilesn"
},
{
"word": "einelesn"
},
{
"word": "fertiglesn"
},
{
"word": "gegnlesn"
},
{
"word": "iwalesn"
},
{
"word": "nåchlesn"
},
{
"word": "owelesn"
},
{
"word": "verlesn"
},
{
"word": "vualesn"
},
{
"word": "ålesn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "lesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lesen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "goh",
"3": "lesan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lesaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*les-",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lease",
"3": "",
"4": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "English lease (“to gather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lesen",
"3": "",
"4": "to read"
},
"expansion": "German lesen (“to read”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lezen",
"3": "",
"4": "to read"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lezen (“to read”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German lesen, from Old High German lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”). Cognate with English lease (“to gather”) [with an obsolete meaning], cognate with German lesen (“to read”) and Dutch lezen (“to read”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glesn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bar-conj\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lesast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lesadn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "lests",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lesads",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "les",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lests",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glesn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "glesn"
},
"expansion": "lesn (past participle glesn)",
"name": "bar-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"imp-pl": "lests",
"imp-sg": "les",
"part-past": "glesn",
"pres-pl": "lesn",
"pres-pl2": "lests",
"pres-sg1": "les",
"pres-sg2": "lest",
"pres-sg3": "lest",
"subj-pl": "lesadn",
"subj-pl2": "lesads",
"subj-sg": "lesad",
"subj-sg2": "lesast"
},
"name": "bar-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian intransitive verbs",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"Bavarian transitive verbs",
"Bavarian verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːsn̩/"
}
],
"word": "lesn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lesn meaning in All languages combined (4.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: present tense",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: past tense",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: subjunctive",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '1st person plur.'",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person plur.'",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '3rd person plur.'",
"path": [
"lesn"
],
"section": "Bavarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "lesn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.