See kultur on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kultur meaning in All languages combined (16.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kultur"
},
"expansion": "German Kultur",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "culture",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of culture",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Kultur, from Latin cultūra; doublet of culture.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "kultur (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1963: so much rot spoken about their inferior kultur-position and our herrenschaft – but that was for the Kaiser and the businessmen at home — Thomas Pynchon, V."
}
],
"glosses": [
"German culture or civilization, especially seen as authoritarian or racist during the period of world wars (1914-18 and 1939-45)"
],
"id": "en-kultur-en-noun-9rKDCrAc",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"civilization",
"civilization"
],
[
"authoritarian",
"authoritarian"
],
[
"racist",
"racist"
],
[
"world war",
"world war"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Kultur"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊlˈtuːɹ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kultur.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kultur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kulturer",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "kulturen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kultur c (singular definite kulturen, plural indefinite kulturer)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "kultur c (singular definite kulturen, plural indefinite kulturer)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "kulturernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "kulturers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "kulturens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "kulturs",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "kulturerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kulturer",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "kulturen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kultur"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "culture shock",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturchok"
},
{
"english": "cultural",
"word": "kulturel"
},
{
"english": "cultural revolution",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturrevolution"
}
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"id": "en-kultur-da-noun-8ZR~ef37",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ur"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mengultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultur disiplin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultur ekstensif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultur jaringan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultur murni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultur tertutup"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "cultuur",
"t": "culture"
},
"expansion": "Dutch cultuur (“culture”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "frm",
"3": "culture",
"4": "",
"5": "cultivation; culture"
},
"expansion": "Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra",
"4": "",
"5": "cultivation; culture"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cultus"
},
"expansion": "cultus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"3": "",
"4": "till, cultivate, worship"
},
"expansion": "colō (“till, cultivate, worship”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colōnus"
},
"expansion": "colōnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colōnia"
},
"expansion": "colōnia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch cultuur (“culture”), from Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kultur (first-person possessive kulturku, second-person possessive kulturmu, third-person possessive kulturnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kul‧tur"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"culture,",
"practices and beliefs particular to a society or group."
],
"id": "en-kultur-id-noun-3vdmbk~S",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"sense": "practices, beliefs",
"word": "kebudayaan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"culture,",
"tillage of crops, collection of (micro-)organisms; cultivation"
],
"id": "en-kultur-id-noun-IYV51OSg",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture#English"
],
[
"cultivation",
"cultivation#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "24 76",
"sense": "crops, cultivation",
"word": "budidaya"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊltʊr]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultivasi"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "høykultur"
},
{
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"word": "kulturgjenstand"
},
{
"word": "kulturhistorie"
},
{
"word": "kulturminne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"id": "en-kultur-nb-noun-8ZR~ef37",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:kultur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "No-kultur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/No-kultur.ogg/No-kultur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/No-kultur.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"word": "kulturell"
},
{
"word": "kulturgjenstand"
},
{
"word": "kulturhistorie"
},
{
"word": "kulturminne"
}
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"id": "en-kultur-nn-noun-8ZR~ef37",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:kultur"
]
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kultur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kultur c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kultur c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "amatörkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bakteriekultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "barnkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "finkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "högkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "intercultural",
"word": "interkulturell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturanslag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturarbetare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cultural heritage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturbegrepp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "(state) budget for (the ministry of) cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturbudget"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "ministry of culture",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturdepartement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturfolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cultural or artistic entrepreneurship",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturföretagande"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturförvaltning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturhistoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturhus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cultural institution",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturinstitution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cultural life, the arts",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturliv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturmiljö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "minister for culture",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturminister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturminne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturmjölk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "cultural public authority",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturmyndighet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturnatt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturnämnd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "an area of culture or cultural affairs; the political area of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturområde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the politics of cultural affairs and endowments",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturpolitik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "a bill for the politics of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturproposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "council for cultural affairs, arts council; counsellor for cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturråd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kultursektor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "artist, cultural creator",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturskapare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturskymning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturstubbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturstöd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "view of culture",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kultursyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturtidskrift"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kulturupplevelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "government report on the politics of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturutredning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "parliamentary committee on cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturutskott"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "monokultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "motkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mångkultur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "världskultur"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"culture, cultivation (biological life growing under human control, the opposite of nature)"
],
"id": "en-kultur-sv-noun-MX39KXmV",
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"cultivation",
"cultivation"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 57 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"culture, spiritual cultivation: habits, traditions, religion, knowledge, language, education (characterizing human life)"
],
"id": "en-kultur-sv-noun-6LAgp5e4",
"links": [
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual"
],
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"education",
"education"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"arts, cultural affairs, endowments"
],
"id": "en-kultur-sv-noun-vzbHSecA",
"links": [
[
"arts",
"arts"
],
[
"cultural",
"cultural"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"endowments",
"endowments"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-kultur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Sv-kultur.ogg/Sv-kultur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Sv-kultur.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "culture shock",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturchok"
},
{
"english": "cultural",
"word": "kulturel"
},
{
"english": "cultural revolution",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturrevolution"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kultur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kulturer",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "kulturen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kultur c (singular definite kulturen, plural indefinite kulturer)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "kultur c (singular definite kulturen, plural indefinite kulturer)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "kulturernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "kulturers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "kulturens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "kulturs",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "kulturerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kulturer",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "kulturen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kultur"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Latin",
"Rhymes:Danish/ur",
"Rhymes:Danish/ur/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ur"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kultur"
},
"expansion": "German Kultur",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "culture",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of culture",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Kultur, from Latin cultūra; doublet of culture.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "kultur (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1963: so much rot spoken about their inferior kultur-position and our herrenschaft – but that was for the Kaiser and the businessmen at home — Thomas Pynchon, V."
}
],
"glosses": [
"German culture or civilization, especially seen as authoritarian or racist during the period of world wars (1914-18 and 1939-45)"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"civilization",
"civilization"
],
[
"authoritarian",
"authoritarian"
],
[
"racist",
"racist"
],
[
"world war",
"world war"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊlˈtuːɹ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kultur.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kultur.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Kultur"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Indonesian terms derived from Middle French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mengultur"
},
{
"word": "kultur disiplin"
},
{
"word": "kultur ekstensif"
},
{
"word": "kultur jaringan"
},
{
"word": "kultur murni"
},
{
"word": "kultur tertutup"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "cultuur",
"t": "culture"
},
"expansion": "Dutch cultuur (“culture”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "frm",
"3": "culture",
"4": "",
"5": "cultivation; culture"
},
"expansion": "Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra",
"4": "",
"5": "cultivation; culture"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cultus"
},
"expansion": "cultus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"3": "",
"4": "till, cultivate, worship"
},
"expansion": "colō (“till, cultivate, worship”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colōnus"
},
"expansion": "colōnus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colōnia"
},
"expansion": "colōnia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch cultuur (“culture”), from Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kultur (first-person possessive kulturku, second-person possessive kulturmu, third-person possessive kulturnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kul‧tur"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"culture,",
"practices and beliefs particular to a society or group."
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"culture,",
"tillage of crops, collection of (micro-)organisms; cultivation"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture#English"
],
[
"cultivation",
"cultivation#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊltʊr]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "practices, beliefs",
"word": "kebudayaan"
},
{
"sense": "crops, cultivation",
"word": "budidaya"
},
{
"word": "kultivasi"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "høykultur"
},
{
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"word": "kulturgjenstand"
},
{
"word": "kulturhistorie"
},
{
"word": "kulturminne"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:kultur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "No-kultur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/No-kultur.ogg/No-kultur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/No-kultur.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"word": "kulturell"
},
{
"word": "kulturgjenstand"
},
{
"word": "kulturhistorie"
},
{
"word": "kulturminne"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulturen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"culture"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"nn:kultur"
]
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Latin",
"Swedish terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "cultūra"
},
"expansion": "Latin cultūra",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"t": "I cultivate, nurture"
},
"expansion": "colō (“I cultivate, nurture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cultūra, from colō (“I cultivate, nurture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kultur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulturernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kultur c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kultur c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "amatörkultur"
},
{
"word": "bakteriekultur"
},
{
"word": "barnkultur"
},
{
"word": "finkultur"
},
{
"word": "högkultur"
},
{
"english": "intercultural",
"word": "interkulturell"
},
{
"word": "kulturanslag"
},
{
"word": "kulturarbetare"
},
{
"english": "cultural heritage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturarv"
},
{
"word": "kulturbegrepp"
},
{
"english": "(state) budget for (the ministry of) cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturbudget"
},
{
"english": "ministry of culture",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturdepartement"
},
{
"word": "kulturfolk"
},
{
"english": "cultural or artistic entrepreneurship",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturföretagande"
},
{
"word": "kulturförvaltning"
},
{
"word": "kulturhistoria"
},
{
"word": "kulturhus"
},
{
"english": "cultural institution",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturinstitution"
},
{
"english": "cultural life, the arts",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturliv"
},
{
"word": "kulturmiljö"
},
{
"english": "minister for culture",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturminister"
},
{
"word": "kulturminne"
},
{
"word": "kulturmjölk"
},
{
"english": "cultural public authority",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturmyndighet"
},
{
"word": "kulturnatt"
},
{
"word": "kulturnämnd"
},
{
"english": "an area of culture or cultural affairs; the political area of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturområde"
},
{
"english": "the politics of cultural affairs and endowments",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturpolitik"
},
{
"english": "a bill for the politics of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturproposition"
},
{
"english": "council for cultural affairs, arts council; counsellor for cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturråd"
},
{
"word": "kultursektor"
},
{
"english": "artist, cultural creator",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturskapare"
},
{
"word": "kulturskymning"
},
{
"word": "kulturstubbe"
},
{
"word": "kulturstöd"
},
{
"english": "view of culture",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kultursyn"
},
{
"word": "kulturtidskrift"
},
{
"word": "kulturupplevelse"
},
{
"english": "government report on the politics of cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kulturutredning"
},
{
"english": "parliamentary committee on cultural affairs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kulturutskott"
},
{
"word": "monokultur"
},
{
"word": "motkultur"
},
{
"word": "mångkultur"
},
{
"word": "världskultur"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"culture, cultivation (biological life growing under human control, the opposite of nature)"
],
"links": [
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"cultivation",
"cultivation"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"culture, spiritual cultivation: habits, traditions, religion, knowledge, language, education (characterizing human life)"
],
"links": [
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual"
],
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"education",
"education"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"arts, cultural affairs, endowments"
],
"links": [
[
"arts",
"arts"
],
[
"cultural",
"cultural"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"endowments",
"endowments"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-kultur.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Sv-kultur.ogg/Sv-kultur.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Sv-kultur.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "kultur"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.