See karak on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "karak-karak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "karak (plural karak-karak)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧rak"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "crust",
"word": "kerak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of kerak (“crust”)"
],
"id": "en-karak-id-noun-xxJ~uG9z",
"links": [
[
"kerak",
"kerak#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.rak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:karak"
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦏꦫꦏ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦫꦏ꧀ (karak)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kerak",
"t1": "crust"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kerak (“crust”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦫꦏ꧀ (karak). Doublet of kerak (“crust”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karak-karak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "karak (plural karak-karak)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧rak"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "id:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 57 1 3 3 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of rice cracker"
],
"id": "en-karak-id-noun-6OOgChJe",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"rice",
"rice"
],
[
"cracker",
"cracker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) a kind of rice cracker"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.rak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:karak"
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "mkj",
"name": "Paniceae tribe grasses",
"orig": "mkj:Paniceae tribe grasses",
"parents": [
"Grasses",
"Commelinids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crabgrass (genus Digitaria)"
],
"id": "en-karak-mkj-noun-9umv9D~N",
"links": [
[
"crabgrass",
"crabgrass"
],
[
"Digitaria",
"Digitaria#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wish"
],
"id": "en-karak-tet-verb-LNmHqMCq",
"links": [
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "karga-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "qaraq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "garak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: garak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: garak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [Term?] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [Term?] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қарақ"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қарақ (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қарақ (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "карек"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: карек (karek)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: карек (karek)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "харах"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: харах (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: харах (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: карак",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: карак"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: карак",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: карак"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "харах"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: харах (xarax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: харах (xarax)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh-fyu",
"2": "garah"
},
"expansion": "Fuyu Kyrgyz: garah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fuyu Kyrgyz: garah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қарақ"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қарақ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қарақ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kara",
"3": "*-ak"
},
"expansion": "*kara + *-ak",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson derives this word from *kara + *-ak, literally meaning \"little black thing\". Nişanyan lists this word as related to *kara. Nişanyan also considers a derivation from *kara- (“to look”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pupil"
],
"id": "en-karak-trk-pro-noun-B083BiVh",
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eye, eyeball"
],
"id": "en-karak-trk-pro-noun-ReNS1FQp",
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"eyeball",
"eyeball"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*köŕ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "qaraq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قرق (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قرق (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "karak",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: (dialectal) karak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: (dialectal) karak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡараҡ"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡараҡ (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡараҡ (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: карак (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: карак (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro",
"2": "*qaraqčï",
"der": "1",
"t": "pillager, thief"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *qaraqčï (“pillager, thief”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *qaraqčï (“pillager, thief”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرقچی",
"3": "قرخچی",
"tr": "qaraqçı",
"tr2": "qaraḫçı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرقچی (qaraqçı), قرخچی (qaraḫçı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرقچی (qaraqçı), قرخچی (qaraḫçı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "garakçy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: garakçy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: garakçy"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "",
"tr": "karačï"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [script needed] (karačï)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Codex Cumanicus"
},
"expansion": "(Codex Cumanicus)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [script needed] (karačï) (Codex Cumanicus)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"tr": "karaxčï"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: [script needed] (karaxčï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: [script needed] (karaxčï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "karakčï"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karakčï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karakčï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "karakçï"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karakçï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karakçï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kca",
"2": "",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "xoraxśi"
},
"expansion": "→ Khanty: [Term?] (xoraxśi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khanty: [Term?] (xoraxśi)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Clauson doubts a morphological identity with the first etymology. Räsänen compares *kar-ma (“robbery”), which would imply a derivation from *kar-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"brigandage, pillage"
],
"id": "en-karak-trk-pro-noun-6Zt3moha",
"links": [
[
"brigandage",
"brigandage"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 13 11 39 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:trk:Rasanen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 9 72 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 11 10 72 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with tab characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 5 75 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 4 77 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pillager"
],
"id": "en-karak-trk-pro-noun-peph-iGD",
"links": [
[
"pillager",
"pillager"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"robber, thief"
],
"id": "en-karak-trk-pro-noun-vaixjQks",
"links": [
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
[
"thief",
"thief"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ogrï"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian palindromes",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rak",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rak/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "karak-karak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "karak (plural karak-karak)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧rak"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "crust",
"word": "kerak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of kerak (“crust”)"
],
"links": [
[
"kerak",
"kerak#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.rak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:karak"
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian palindromes",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rak",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rak/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦏꦫꦏ꧀"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦫꦏ꧀ (karak)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kerak",
"t1": "crust"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kerak (“crust”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦫꦏ꧀ (karak). Doublet of kerak (“crust”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karak-karak",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "karak (plural karak-karak)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧rak"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"id:Cooking"
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of rice cracker"
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"rice",
"rice"
],
[
"cracker",
"cracker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) a kind of rice cracker"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.rak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:karak"
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese nouns",
"Mokilese palindromes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"mkj:Paniceae tribe grasses"
],
"glosses": [
"crabgrass (genus Digitaria)"
],
"links": [
[
"crabgrass",
"crabgrass"
],
[
"Digitaria",
"Digitaria#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:trk:Rasanen",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with tab characters",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic links with redundant wikilinks",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Karaim terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Kipchak terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "karga-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "qaraq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "garak"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: garak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: garak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [Term?] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [Term?] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қарақ"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қарақ (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қарақ (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "карек"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: карек (karek)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: карек (karek)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "харах"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: харах (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: харах (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: карак",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: карак"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tofa: карак",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa: карак"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "харах"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: харах (xarax)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: харах (xarax)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh-fyu",
"2": "garah"
},
"expansion": "Fuyu Kyrgyz: garah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fuyu Kyrgyz: garah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қарақ"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қарақ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қарақ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kara",
"3": "*-ak"
},
"expansion": "*kara + *-ak",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson derives this word from *kara + *-ak, literally meaning \"little black thing\". Nişanyan lists this word as related to *kara. Nişanyan also considers a derivation from *kara- (“to look”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pupil"
],
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"eye, eyeball"
],
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"eyeball",
"eyeball"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*köŕ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:trk:Rasanen",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with tab characters",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic links with redundant wikilinks",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Karaim terms",
"Requests for native script for Kipchak terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Common Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "qaraq"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرق (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قرق",
"tr": "karak"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قرق (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قرق (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "karak",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: (dialectal) karak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: (dialectal) karak"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡараҡ"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡараҡ (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡараҡ (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: карак (qaraq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: карак (qaraq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "карак"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: карак (karak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: карак (karak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn-pro",
"2": "*qaraqčï",
"der": "1",
"t": "pillager, thief"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *qaraqčï (“pillager, thief”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *qaraqčï (“pillager, thief”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قرقچی",
"3": "قرخچی",
"tr": "qaraqçı",
"tr2": "qaraḫçı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرقچی (qaraqçı), قرخچی (qaraḫçı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قرقچی (qaraqçı), قرخچی (qaraḫçı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "garakçy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: garakçy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: garakçy"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "",
"tr": "karačï"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: [script needed] (karačï)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Codex Cumanicus"
},
"expansion": "(Codex Cumanicus)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: [script needed] (karačï) (Codex Cumanicus)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"tr": "karaxčï"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: [script needed] (karaxčï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: [script needed] (karaxčï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "karakčï"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karakčï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (karakčï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "",
"tr": "karakçï"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karakçï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (karakçï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kca",
"2": "",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "xoraxśi"
},
"expansion": "→ Khanty: [Term?] (xoraxśi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khanty: [Term?] (xoraxśi)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Clauson doubts a morphological identity with the first etymology. Räsänen compares *kar-ma (“robbery”), which would imply a derivation from *kar-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"brigandage, pillage"
],
"links": [
[
"brigandage",
"brigandage"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pillager"
],
"links": [
[
"pillager",
"pillager"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"robber, thief"
],
"links": [
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
[
"thief",
"thief"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ogrï"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "karak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"Tetum lemmas",
"Tetum palindromes",
"Tetum verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to wish"
],
"links": [
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "karak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for karak meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.