See kъňiga on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кънига"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кънига (kŭniga), книга (kniga)\nOld Ruthenian: кни́га (kníha)\nBelarusian: кні́га (kníha)\nUkrainian: кни́га (knýha)\nRussian: кни́га (kníga) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Ossetian: (Iron) чиныг (ḱinyg), (Digor) киунугӕ (kiwnugæ), кинугӕ (kinugæ)\n→ Erzya: кинига (kińiga)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кънига (kŭniga), книга (kniga)\nOld Ruthenian: кни́га (kníha)\nBelarusian: кні́га (kníha)\nUkrainian: кни́га (knýha)\nRussian: кни́га (kníga) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Ossetian: (Iron) чиныг (ḱinyg), (Digor) киунугӕ (kiwnugæ), кинугӕ (kinugæ)\n→ Erzya: кинига (kińiga)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "кънигꙑ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кънигꙑ (kŭnigy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: кънигꙑ (kŭnigy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кни́га"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кни́га (kníga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кни́га (kníga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "книга"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: книга (kniga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: книга (kniga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "књи̏га",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: књи̏га",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: књи̏га"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "knjȉga",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: knjȉga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: knjȉga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "knjíga",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: knjíga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "knjíga"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: knjíga (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: knjíga (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "knëga",
"3": "knyga",
"4": "knéga"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: knëga, knyga, knéga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: knëga, knyga, knéga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "knięga"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: knięga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: knięga"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "księgi",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Polish: księgi\nPolish: księga\nSilesian: ksiynga",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Polish: księgi\nPolish: księga\nSilesian: ksiynga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "knigła"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: knigła",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plurale tantum"
},
"expansion": "(plurale tantum)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: knigła (archaic), knigły (plurale tantum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "knygà",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lithuanian: knygà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lithuanian: knygà"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kenning",
"4": "",
"5": "symbol, sign"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kenning (“symbol, sign”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (kunnan, “to know”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kunna",
"3": "",
"4": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kunna (“to know”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "akk",
"3": "kunukkum",
"t": "seal-cylinder"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian kunukkum (“seal-cylinder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կնիք",
"3": "",
"4": "seal"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կնիք (knikʻ, “seal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кӗнеке"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash кӗнеке (kĕnek̬e)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "чиныг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian чиныг (ḱinyg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "könyv",
"3": "",
"4": "book"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian könyv (“book”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "конёв",
"t": "paper"
},
"expansion": "Erzya конёв (końov, “paper”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "There are multiple theories:\n* Borrowed either from Old High German kenning (“symbol, sign”) or from a different Germanic source (compare Gothic 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (kunnan, “to know”) and Old Norse kunna (“to know”)).\n* From Akkadian kunukkum (“seal-cylinder”) or kanīkum (“sealed object: document, sack bulla, etc.”), via Old Armenian կնիք (knikʻ, “seal”).\n* Ultimate Chinese origin, from 卷 (Middle Chinese kɣiuᴇn^X, kɣiuᴇnᴴ < Old Chinese *krorʔ (“to roll up”), *kror-s (“scroll”)), as paper was invented in China around the 1st century AD. However, this seems less likely due to the likely temporal precedence of Proto-Slavic over Early Middle Chinese and the large spatial separation of the donor and recipient languages.\n* Finally, Polish Slavicist Aleksander Brückner considers it to be a native word derived from Proto-Slavic *kъnъ (“trunk of a tree”) with the suffix -iga (compare Slovene veriga (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“tie”)). The sense development would thus be similar to German Buch and English book, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos (“beech”), or to Latin liber, from earlier *luber, a cognate of Proto-Slavic *lubъ (“tree bark”).\nThe second and third theories require transmission by a Turkic or an Iranian language, but nothing is attested in them. Although sometimes cited, Chuvash кӗнеке (kĕnek̬e) and Ossetian чиныг (ḱinyg), киунугӕ (kiwnugæ) are both considered early Slavic loans. However, Hungarian könyv (“book”) and Erzya конёв (końov, “paper”), which are unlikely to derive from Slavic, testify to the early presence of this word in the Volga region.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kъňìga",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kъňìga",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъňiga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kъňìžica"
}
],
"glosses": [
"book"
],
"id": "en-kъňiga-sla-pro-noun-knGf4M-M",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "kъňiga"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kъňìžica"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "кънига"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: кънига (kŭniga), книга (kniga)\nOld Ruthenian: кни́га (kníha)\nBelarusian: кні́га (kníha)\nUkrainian: кни́га (knýha)\nRussian: кни́га (kníga) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Ossetian: (Iron) чиныг (ḱinyg), (Digor) киунугӕ (kiwnugæ), кинугӕ (kinugæ)\n→ Erzya: кинига (kińiga)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: кънига (kŭniga), книга (kniga)\nOld Ruthenian: кни́га (kníha)\nBelarusian: кні́га (kníha)\nUkrainian: кни́га (knýha)\nRussian: кни́га (kníga) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Ossetian: (Iron) чиныг (ḱinyg), (Digor) киунугӕ (kiwnugæ), кинугӕ (kinugæ)\n→ Erzya: кинига (kińiga)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "кънигꙑ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кънигꙑ (kŭnigy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: кънигꙑ (kŭnigy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кни́га"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кни́га (kníga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кни́га (kníga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "книга"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: книга (kniga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: книга (kniga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "књи̏га",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: књи̏га",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: књи̏га"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "knjȉga",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: knjȉga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: knjȉga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "knjíga",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: knjíga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "knjíga"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: knjíga (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: knjíga (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "knëga",
"3": "knyga",
"4": "knéga"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: knëga, knyga, knéga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: knëga, knyga, knéga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "knięga"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: knięga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: knięga"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "księgi",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Polish: księgi\nPolish: księga\nSilesian: ksiynga",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Polish: księgi\nPolish: księga\nSilesian: ksiynga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "knigła"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: knigła",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plurale tantum"
},
"expansion": "(plurale tantum)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: knigła (archaic), knigły (plurale tantum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kniha"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kniha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kniha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "knygà",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lithuanian: knygà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lithuanian: knygà"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kenning",
"4": "",
"5": "symbol, sign"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kenning (“symbol, sign”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (kunnan, “to know”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kunna",
"3": "",
"4": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kunna (“to know”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "akk",
"3": "kunukkum",
"t": "seal-cylinder"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian kunukkum (“seal-cylinder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կնիք",
"3": "",
"4": "seal"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կնիք (knikʻ, “seal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "trk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Iranian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кӗнеке"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash кӗнеке (kĕnek̬e)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "чиныг"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian чиныг (ḱinyg)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "könyv",
"3": "",
"4": "book"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian könyv (“book”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "конёв",
"t": "paper"
},
"expansion": "Erzya конёв (końov, “paper”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "There are multiple theories:\n* Borrowed either from Old High German kenning (“symbol, sign”) or from a different Germanic source (compare Gothic 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (kunnan, “to know”) and Old Norse kunna (“to know”)).\n* From Akkadian kunukkum (“seal-cylinder”) or kanīkum (“sealed object: document, sack bulla, etc.”), via Old Armenian կնիք (knikʻ, “seal”).\n* Ultimate Chinese origin, from 卷 (Middle Chinese kɣiuᴇn^X, kɣiuᴇnᴴ < Old Chinese *krorʔ (“to roll up”), *kror-s (“scroll”)), as paper was invented in China around the 1st century AD. However, this seems less likely due to the likely temporal precedence of Proto-Slavic over Early Middle Chinese and the large spatial separation of the donor and recipient languages.\n* Finally, Polish Slavicist Aleksander Brückner considers it to be a native word derived from Proto-Slavic *kъnъ (“trunk of a tree”) with the suffix -iga (compare Slovene veriga (“chain”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“tie”)). The sense development would thus be similar to German Buch and English book, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos (“beech”), or to Latin liber, from earlier *luber, a cognate of Proto-Slavic *lubъ (“tree bark”).\nThe second and third theories require transmission by a Turkic or an Iranian language, but nothing is attested in them. Although sometimes cited, Chuvash кӗнеке (kĕnek̬e) and Ossetian чиныг (ḱinyg), киунугӕ (kiwnugæ) are both considered early Slavic loans. However, Hungarian könyv (“book”) and Erzya конёв (końov, “paper”), which are unlikely to derive from Slavic, testify to the early presence of this word in the Volga region.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kъňìga",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìdzě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kъňìgy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kъňìga",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъňiga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Iranian languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Turkic languages"
],
"glosses": [
"book"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
]
}
],
"word": "kъňiga"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kъňiga meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.