kïŋrak in All languages combined

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Etymology: Usually considered to be from *kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k, Nişanyan on the other hand compares it with Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”) + *-ak (“diminutive suffix”) and suggests a borrowing. According to Hirth, it is the oldest written Turkic word, possibly attested as Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”) in Ts'ien Han Shu (47 BCE). Etymology templates: {{suf|trk-pro|*kïŋra-|*-k|t1=to cut crookedly}} *kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k, {{noncog|sog|𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀|t=dagger, sword}} Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”), {{suf|trk-pro||*-ak|t2=diminutive suffix}} + *-ak (“diminutive suffix”), {{noncog|och|徑路|t=the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu|tr=*king-lak}} Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”) Head templates: {{head|trk-pro|noun}} *kïŋrak Inflection templates: {{trk-pro-decl-noun|a}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kïŋrak [nominative, singular], kïŋraknï [accusative, singular], kïŋrakïg [accusative, singular], kïŋraknïg [accusative, singular], kïŋraknïŋ [genitive, singular], kïŋrakka [dative, singular], kïŋrakda [locative, singular], kïŋrakdan [ablative, singular], kïŋrakgaru [allative, singular], kïŋrakïn [instrumental, singular], kïŋrakča [equative, singular], kïŋraklayu [error-unrecognized-form, singular], kïŋraklïgu [comitative, singular]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*kïŋgar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *kïŋgar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *kïŋgar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "قنكراق",
            "tr": "kïŋra:k"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: قنكراق (kïŋra:k)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: قنكراق (kïŋra:k)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "t": "wide blade knife",
            "tr": "kïŋrak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (kïŋrak, “wide blade knife”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (kïŋrak, “wide blade knife”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "кыңырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: кыңырак (kıŋırak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: кыңырак (kıŋırak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "кыҥырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: кыҥырак (kïŋïrak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: кыҥырак (kïŋïrak)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kïŋra-",
        "3": "*-k",
        "t1": "to cut crookedly"
      },
      "expansion": "*kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "2": "𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀",
        "t": "dagger, sword"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ak",
        "t2": "diminutive suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ak (“diminutive suffix”)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "och",
        "2": "徑路",
        "t": "the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu",
        "tr": "*king-lak"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Usually considered to be from *kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k, Nişanyan on the other hand compares it with Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”) + *-ak (“diminutive suffix”) and suggests a borrowing. According to Hirth, it is the oldest written Turkic word, possibly attested as Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”) in Ts'ien Han Shu (47 BCE).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakgaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraklayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraklïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*kïŋrak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïŋrak",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-k",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "broad-faced curved knife or sword"
      ],
      "id": "en-kïŋrak-trk-pro-noun-TMivLIBj",
      "links": [
        [
          "curved",
          "curved"
        ],
        [
          "knife",
          "knife"
        ],
        [
          "sword",
          "sword"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kïŋrak"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*kïŋgar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *kïŋgar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *kïŋgar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "قنكراق",
            "tr": "kïŋra:k"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: قنكراق (kïŋra:k)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: قنكراق (kïŋra:k)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "t": "wide blade knife",
            "tr": "kïŋrak"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (kïŋrak, “wide blade knife”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (kïŋrak, “wide blade knife”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "кыңырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: кыңырак (kıŋırak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: кыңырак (kıŋırak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "кыҥырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: кыҥырак (kïŋïrak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: кыҥырак (kïŋïrak)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kïŋra-",
        "3": "*-k",
        "t1": "to cut crookedly"
      },
      "expansion": "*kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "2": "𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀",
        "t": "dagger, sword"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ak",
        "t2": "diminutive suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ak (“diminutive suffix”)",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "och",
        "2": "徑路",
        "t": "the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu",
        "tr": "*king-lak"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Usually considered to be from *kïŋra- (“to cut crookedly”) + *-k, Nişanyan on the other hand compares it with Sogdian 𐼶𐼻𐼲𐽀 (xnɣr, “dagger, sword”) + *-ak (“diminutive suffix”) and suggests a borrowing. According to Hirth, it is the oldest written Turkic word, possibly attested as Old Chinese 徑路 (*king-lak, “the ceremonial sword of the Xiongnu”) in Ts'ien Han Shu (47 BCE).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraknïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakgaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋrakča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraklayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kïŋraklïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*kïŋrak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïŋrak",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
        "Proto-Turkic nouns",
        "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
        "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-k",
        "trk-pro:Swords"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "broad-faced curved knife or sword"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "curved",
          "curved"
        ],
        [
          "knife",
          "knife"
        ],
        [
          "sword",
          "sword"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kïŋrak"
}

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If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"kïŋrak" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Proto-Turkic]