"joster" meaning in All languages combined

See joster on Wiktionary

Verb [Norman]

Etymology: From Old French joster. Etymology templates: {{inh|nrf|fro|joster}} Old French joster Head templates: {{head|nrf|verb||||||head=}} joster, {{nrf-verb}} joster Inflection templates: {{nrf-conj-er|aveir|jost|jost|jost}}, {{nrf-conj-table|1_p_cond=josterioms|1_p_futr_indc=josteroms|1_p_impf_indc=jostioms|1_p_impf_subj=jostissioms|1_p_impr=jostoms|1_p_pres_indc=jostoms|1_p_pres_subj=jostioms|1_p_pret_indc=jostîmes|1_s_cond=jostereis|1_s_futr_indc=josterai|1_s_impf_indc=josteis|1_s_impf_subj=jostisse|1_s_pres_indc=joste|1_s_pres_subj=joste|1_s_pret_indc=jostis|2_p_cond=josteriez|2_p_futr_indc=josterez|2_p_impf_indc=jostiez|2_p_impf_subj=jostissiez|2_p_impr=jostez|2_p_pres_indc=jostez|2_p_pres_subj=jostiez|2_p_pret_indc=jostîtes|2_s_cond=jostereis|2_s_futr_indc=josteras|2_s_impf_indc=josteis|2_s_impf_subj=jostisse|2_s_impr=joste|2_s_pres_indc=jostes|2_s_pres_subj=jostes|2_s_pret_indc=jostis|3_p_cond=jostereient|3_p_futr_indc=josteront|3_p_impf_indc=josteient|3_p_impf_subj=jostissent|3_p_pres_indc=jostent|3_p_pres_subj=jostent|3_p_pret_indc=jostîtrent|3_s_cond=jostereit|3_s_futr_indc=jostera|3_s_impf_indc=josteit|3_s_impf_subj=jostît jostisse|3_s_pres_indc=joste|3_s_pres_subj=joste|3_s_pret_indc=jostit|aux=aveir|f_p_past_ptcp=jostées|f_s_past_ptcp=jostée|gerund=jostant|inf=joster|m_p_past_ptcp=jostés|m_s_past_ptcp=josté}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], joster [infinitive], jostant [gerund], aveir [auxiliary], josté [masculine, participle, past, singular], jostée [feminine, participle, past, singular], jostés [masculine, participle, past, plural], jostées [feminine, participle, past, plural], joste [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular], jostes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], joste [indicative, present, singular, third-person], jostoms [first-person, indicative, plural, present], jostez [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, plural, present], jostent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], josteis [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, indicative, singular], josteis [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], josteit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], jostioms [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], jostiez [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, indicative, plural], josteient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], jostis [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, preterite, singular], jostis [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], jostit [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], jostîmes [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], jostîtes [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, plural, preterite], jostîtrent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], josterai [error-unrecognized-form, future, indicative, singular], josteras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], jostera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], josteroms [first-person, future, indicative, plural], josterez [error-unrecognized-form, future, indicative, plural], josteront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], jostereis [conditional, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, singular], jostereis [conditional, indicative, second-person, singular], jostereit [conditional, indicative, singular, third-person], josterioms [conditional, first-person, indicative, plural], josteriez [conditional, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, plural], jostereient [conditional, indicative, plural, third-person], joste [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], jostes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], joste [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], jostioms [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], jostiez [error-unrecognized-form, plural, present, subjunctive], jostent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], jostisse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], jostisse [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], jostît [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], jostisse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], jostissioms [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], jostissiez [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], jostissent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], joste [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, singular], jostoms [first-person, imperative, plural], jostez [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, plural]
  1. to play Synonyms: jouer
    Sense id: en-joster-nrm-verb-JCN-luUY Categories (other): Norman entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 70 11 9 9 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 44 22 22 13 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 23 27 25 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 85 5 6 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 87 5 5 3

Verb [Old French]

Etymology: From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar. Etymology templates: {{inh|fro|VL.|*iuxtāre}} Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, {{inh|fro|la|iuxtā||close to}} Latin iuxtā (“close to”), {{cog|pro|jostar}} Old Occitan jostar Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} joster Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-er}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], joster [infinitive], avoir josté [infinitive, multiword-construction], en jostant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], jostant [participle, present], josté [participle, past], jost [first-person, indicative, present, singular], jostes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], joste [indicative, present, singular, third-person], jostons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], jostez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], jostent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], jostoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], josteie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], jostoe [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], josteve [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], jostoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], josteies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], jostoes [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], josteves [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], jostoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], josteit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], jostot [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], josteve [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], jostiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], jostiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], jostiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], jostiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], jostoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], josteient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], jostoent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], jostevent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], jostai [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], jostas [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], josta [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], jostames [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], jostastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], josterent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], josterai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], josteras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], jostera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], josterons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], josteroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], jostereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], josterez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], josteront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], josteroie [conditional, first-person, singular], jostereie [conditional, first-person, singular], josteroies [conditional, second-person, singular], jostereies [conditional, second-person, singular], josteroit [conditional, singular, third-person], jostereit [conditional, singular, third-person], josteriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], josteriens [conditional, first-person, plural], josteriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], josteriez [conditional, plural, second-person], josteroient [conditional, plural, third-person], jostereient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], jost [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], joz [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], jost [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], jostons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], jostez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], jostent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], jostasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], jostasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], jostast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], jostissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], jostissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], jostissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], jostissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], jostissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], jostassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], joste [imperative, second-person, singular], jostons [first-person, imperative, plural], jostez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)
    Sense id: en-joster-fro-verb-cVz4CMRC Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 23 27 25 24
  2. to joust (in a battle)
    Sense id: en-joster-fro-verb-cxY5DZhl Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 23 27 25 24
  3. (figuratively) to battle; to compete Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-joster-fro-verb-X2nh-m2a Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 23 27 25 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: juster, jouster Derived forms: joste

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "joster"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French joster",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French joster.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nrf-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joster",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aveir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostée",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostés",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostées",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîmes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîtes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîtrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostît",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aveir",
        "2": "jost",
        "3": "jost",
        "4": "jost"
      },
      "name": "nrf-conj-er"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1_p_cond": "josterioms",
        "1_p_futr_indc": "josteroms",
        "1_p_impf_indc": "jostioms",
        "1_p_impf_subj": "jostissioms",
        "1_p_impr": "jostoms",
        "1_p_pres_indc": "jostoms",
        "1_p_pres_subj": "jostioms",
        "1_p_pret_indc": "jostîmes",
        "1_s_cond": "jostereis",
        "1_s_futr_indc": "josterai",
        "1_s_impf_indc": "josteis",
        "1_s_impf_subj": "jostisse",
        "1_s_pres_indc": "joste",
        "1_s_pres_subj": "joste",
        "1_s_pret_indc": "jostis",
        "2_p_cond": "josteriez",
        "2_p_futr_indc": "josterez",
        "2_p_impf_indc": "jostiez",
        "2_p_impf_subj": "jostissiez",
        "2_p_impr": "jostez",
        "2_p_pres_indc": "jostez",
        "2_p_pres_subj": "jostiez",
        "2_p_pret_indc": "jostîtes",
        "2_s_cond": "jostereis",
        "2_s_futr_indc": "josteras",
        "2_s_impf_indc": "josteis",
        "2_s_impf_subj": "jostisse",
        "2_s_impr": "joste",
        "2_s_pres_indc": "jostes",
        "2_s_pres_subj": "jostes",
        "2_s_pret_indc": "jostis",
        "3_p_cond": "jostereient",
        "3_p_futr_indc": "josteront",
        "3_p_impf_indc": "josteient",
        "3_p_impf_subj": "jostissent",
        "3_p_pres_indc": "jostent",
        "3_p_pres_subj": "jostent",
        "3_p_pret_indc": "jostîtrent",
        "3_s_cond": "jostereit",
        "3_s_futr_indc": "jostera",
        "3_s_impf_indc": "josteit",
        "3_s_impf_subj": "jostît\njostisse",
        "3_s_pres_indc": "joste",
        "3_s_pres_subj": "joste",
        "3_s_pret_indc": "jostit",
        "aux": "aveir",
        "f_p_past_ptcp": "jostées",
        "f_s_past_ptcp": "jostée",
        "gerund": "jostant",
        "inf": "joster",
        "m_p_past_ptcp": "jostés",
        "m_s_past_ptcp": "josté"
      },
      "name": "nrf-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 11 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 22 22 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 25 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 5 6 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 5 5 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to play"
      ],
      "id": "en-joster-nrm-verb-JCN-luUY",
      "links": [
        [
          "play",
          "play"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "jouer"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "joster"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "joste"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "joust",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: joust",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: joust"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "jouter"
          },
          "expansion": "French: jouter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: jouter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "giostrare",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: giostrare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: giostrare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*iuxtāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "iuxtā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "close to"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“close to”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "jostar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan jostar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joster",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 25 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)"
      ],
      "id": "en-joster-fro-verb-cVz4CMRC",
      "links": [
        [
          "joust",
          "joust"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 25 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to joust (in a battle)"
      ],
      "id": "en-joster-fro-verb-cxY5DZhl",
      "links": [
        [
          "joust",
          "joust"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 25 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "There where the Normans had to fight",
          "ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
          "text": "La u Normanz durent joster",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to battle; to compete"
      ],
      "id": "en-joster-fro-verb-X2nh-m2a",
      "links": [
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ],
        [
          "compete",
          "compete"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to battle; to compete"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "juster"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "jouster"
    }
  ],
  "word": "joster"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "joster"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French joster",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French joster.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nrf-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joster",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aveir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostée",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostés",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostées",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîmes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîtes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostîtrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostît",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissioms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoms",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aveir",
        "2": "jost",
        "3": "jost",
        "4": "jost"
      },
      "name": "nrf-conj-er"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1_p_cond": "josterioms",
        "1_p_futr_indc": "josteroms",
        "1_p_impf_indc": "jostioms",
        "1_p_impf_subj": "jostissioms",
        "1_p_impr": "jostoms",
        "1_p_pres_indc": "jostoms",
        "1_p_pres_subj": "jostioms",
        "1_p_pret_indc": "jostîmes",
        "1_s_cond": "jostereis",
        "1_s_futr_indc": "josterai",
        "1_s_impf_indc": "josteis",
        "1_s_impf_subj": "jostisse",
        "1_s_pres_indc": "joste",
        "1_s_pres_subj": "joste",
        "1_s_pret_indc": "jostis",
        "2_p_cond": "josteriez",
        "2_p_futr_indc": "josterez",
        "2_p_impf_indc": "jostiez",
        "2_p_impf_subj": "jostissiez",
        "2_p_impr": "jostez",
        "2_p_pres_indc": "jostez",
        "2_p_pres_subj": "jostiez",
        "2_p_pret_indc": "jostîtes",
        "2_s_cond": "jostereis",
        "2_s_futr_indc": "josteras",
        "2_s_impf_indc": "josteis",
        "2_s_impf_subj": "jostisse",
        "2_s_impr": "joste",
        "2_s_pres_indc": "jostes",
        "2_s_pres_subj": "jostes",
        "2_s_pret_indc": "jostis",
        "3_p_cond": "jostereient",
        "3_p_futr_indc": "josteront",
        "3_p_impf_indc": "josteient",
        "3_p_impf_subj": "jostissent",
        "3_p_pres_indc": "jostent",
        "3_p_pres_subj": "jostent",
        "3_p_pret_indc": "jostîtrent",
        "3_s_cond": "jostereit",
        "3_s_futr_indc": "jostera",
        "3_s_impf_indc": "josteit",
        "3_s_impf_subj": "jostît\njostisse",
        "3_s_pres_indc": "joste",
        "3_s_pres_subj": "joste",
        "3_s_pret_indc": "jostit",
        "aux": "aveir",
        "f_p_past_ptcp": "jostées",
        "f_s_past_ptcp": "jostée",
        "gerund": "jostant",
        "inf": "joster",
        "m_p_past_ptcp": "jostés",
        "m_s_past_ptcp": "josté"
      },
      "name": "nrf-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norman lemmas",
        "Norman terms derived from Old French",
        "Norman terms inherited from Old French",
        "Norman verbs",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to play"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "play",
          "play"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "jouer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "joster"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "joste"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "joust",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: joust",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: joust"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "jouter"
          },
          "expansion": "French: jouter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: jouter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "giostrare",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: giostrare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: giostrare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*iuxtāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "iuxtā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "close to"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“close to”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "jostar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan jostar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joster",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josterez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "josteroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jost",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "joste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jostez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "joster",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "joust",
          "joust"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to joust (in a battle)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "joust",
          "joust"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "There where the Normans had to fight",
          "ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
          "text": "La u Normanz durent joster",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to battle; to compete"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ],
        [
          "compete",
          "compete"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to battle; to compete"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "juster"
    },
    {
      "word": "jouster"
    }
  ],
  "word": "joster"
}

Download raw JSONL data for joster meaning in All languages combined (19.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman \"je (j')\" base_tags={'indicative', 'first-person', 'singular'}",
  "path": [
    "joster"
  ],
  "section": "Norman",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "joster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'vos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'third-person', 'first-person', 'second-person', 'indicative', 'singular', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "joster"
  ],
  "section": "Norman",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "joster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'que vos' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'third-person', 'first-person', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'singular', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "joster"
  ],
  "section": "Norman",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "joster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'tu' base_tags={'imperative', 'subjunctive', 'second-person', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'singular'}",
  "path": [
    "joster"
  ],
  "section": "Norman",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "joster",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'vos' base_tags={'imperative', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'first-person', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "joster"
  ],
  "section": "Norman",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "joster",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.