See jaggery on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for jaggery meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "jagré",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: jagré",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: jagré"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ジャガリー",
"3": "ジャッガリー",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "jagarī",
"tr2": "jaggarī"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ジャガリー (jagarī), ジャッガリー (jaggarī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ジャガリー (jagarī), ジャッガリー (jaggarī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "seagaraidh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scottish Gaelic: seagaraidh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scottish Gaelic: seagaraidh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱorkeh₂"
},
"expansion": "*ḱorkeh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ḱorkeh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ḱorkeh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "idb",
"3": "jágara",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Indo-Portuguese jágara",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "idb",
"3": "jágara"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Indo-Portuguese jágara",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "jagra"
},
"expansion": "jagra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ml",
"3": "ചക്കര",
"t": "jaggery"
},
"expansion": "Malayalam ചക്കര (cakkara, “jaggery”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ta",
"3": "சக்கரை"
},
"expansion": "Tamil சக்கரை (cakkarai)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "शर्करा",
"t": "candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱorkeh₂",
"t": "boulder; gravel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“boulder; gravel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sugar"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sugar",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ḱorkeh₂\nBorrowed from Indo-Portuguese jágara, jagra, from Malayalam ചക്കര (cakkara, “jaggery”) or Tamil சக்கரை (cakkarai), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“boulder; gravel”). Doublet of sugar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jaggeries",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "jaggery (countable and uncountable, plural jaggeries)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jag‧ge‧ry"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sugars",
"orig": "en:Sugars",
"parents": [
"Carbohydrates",
"Organic compounds",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1681, Robert Knox, An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon, in the East-Indies: […], London: […] Richard Chiswell, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 15",
"text": "The next Tree is the Kettule. […] It yieldeth a ſort of Liquor, which they call Tellegie: it is rarely ſweet and pleaſing to the Pallate, and as wholſom to the Body, but no ſtronger than water. […] An ordinary Tree will yield ſome three, ſome four Gallons in a day, ſome more and ſome leſs. The which Liquor they boyl and make a kind of brown Sugar, called Jaggory; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1834, Rám Ráz, Essay on the Architecture of the Hindús, London: […] [F]or the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland; by John William Parker, […], →OCLC, page 64",
"text": "In all the operations of chunam work, jaggery water, i. e. a solution of molasses or coarse sugar, is invariably added by the builders, and its use appears to have prevailed from the remotest ages. There are various opinions among the modern practitioners regarding its usefulness, but those who have had the most extensive practice in building, hold it as an indispensable ingredient in the formation of a durable and hard cement; and it is stated that the operator evidently perceives the dissolvent property of the jaggery water, on its being tempered with the prepared mortar.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1958, R. K. Narayan [Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami], chapter 6, in The Guide […], Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1980, page 78",
"text": "He counted the seasons by the special points that jutted out, such as the harvest in January, when his disciples brought him sugar cane and jaggery cooked with rice; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar."
],
"id": "en-jaggery-en-noun-WsQSz2Bd",
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"dark",
"dark#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Noun"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"palm tree",
"palm tree"
],
[
"sap",
"sap#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"South",
"South Asia"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia"
],
[
"types",
"type#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "gur",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুৰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "gur",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুড়"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুড়"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "bhēlī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "भेली"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "gūr",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गूर"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neobrabotena palmova zahar",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "необработена палмова захар"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "htan:lyak",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ထန်းလျက်"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cūtáng",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "粗糖"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shímì",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "石蜜"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "hakuru",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ހަކުރު"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "raakasokeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jaggery"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jagré"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jagre"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vollrohrzucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "goḷ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ગોળ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुड़"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jagarī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ジャガリー"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jaggarī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ジャッガリー"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "gula abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "kfa",
"lang": "Kodava",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaegeori",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "재거리"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "jageri"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "gula melaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "cakkara",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ചക്കര"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śaṟkkara",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ശർക്കര"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gūḷ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गूळ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "گوړه"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "شکر زرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "jaggery"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jágara"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "açúcar mascavo"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ਗੁੜ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pálʹmovyj sáxar-syréc",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́льмовый са́хар-сыре́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sáxar-syréc",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "са́хар-сыре́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "guḍa",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुड"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "gula",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुल"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ᱜᱩᱲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seagaraidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "јаггери"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jaggeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ڳڙ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "hakuru",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "හකුරු"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"feminine"
],
"word": "panela"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Venezuela",
"masculine"
],
"word": "papelón"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "piloncillo"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"feminine"
],
"word": "raspadura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tapa de dulce"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "sukari guru"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "sukari nguuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kaṭṭi",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "கட்டி"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "vellam",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "வெல்லம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bellamu",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "బెల్లము"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "น้ำตาลโตนด"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "tcy",
"lang": "Tulu",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "džahheri",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "джаггері"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "گڑ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "đường phên"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "đường thô"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "siwgwr crai"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar."
],
"id": "en-jaggery-en-noun-jG2ajJbs",
"links": [
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"processes",
"process#Verb"
],
[
"sugar cane",
"sugar cane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "ahr",
"lang": "Ahirani",
"roman": "gurhāy",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"word": "गुऱ्हाय"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gurhāḷ",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "गुऱ्हाळ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "vah",
"lang": "Varhadi",
"roman": "gurhāḷ",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"word": "गुऱ्हाळ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʒæɡəɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʒæɡɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒæɡəɹi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jaggary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jagghery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jaggory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jaggry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jagra"
}
],
"word": "jaggery"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Indo-Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Indo-Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Malayalam",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from Tamil",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱorkeh₂",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for gender in Ukrainian entries",
"en:Sugars"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "jagré",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: jagré",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: jagré"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ジャガリー",
"3": "ジャッガリー",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "jagarī",
"tr2": "jaggarī"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ジャガリー (jagarī), ジャッガリー (jaggarī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ジャガリー (jagarī), ジャッガリー (jaggarī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "seagaraidh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scottish Gaelic: seagaraidh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scottish Gaelic: seagaraidh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱorkeh₂"
},
"expansion": "*ḱorkeh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ḱorkeh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ḱorkeh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "idb",
"3": "jágara",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Indo-Portuguese jágara",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "idb",
"3": "jágara"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Indo-Portuguese jágara",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "jagra"
},
"expansion": "jagra",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ml",
"3": "ചക്കര",
"t": "jaggery"
},
"expansion": "Malayalam ചക്കര (cakkara, “jaggery”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ta",
"3": "சக்கரை"
},
"expansion": "Tamil சக்கரை (cakkarai)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "शर्करा",
"t": "candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱorkeh₂",
"t": "boulder; gravel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“boulder; gravel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sugar"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sugar",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ḱorkeh₂\nBorrowed from Indo-Portuguese jágara, jagra, from Malayalam ചക്കര (cakkara, “jaggery”) or Tamil சக்கரை (cakkarai), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā, “candied or ground sugar; (chiefly in the plural) grit, gravel, shingle; gravelly soil; pebble”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“boulder; gravel”). Doublet of sugar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jaggeries",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "jaggery (countable and uncountable, plural jaggeries)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jag‧ge‧ry"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1681, Robert Knox, An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon, in the East-Indies: […], London: […] Richard Chiswell, printer to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 15",
"text": "The next Tree is the Kettule. […] It yieldeth a ſort of Liquor, which they call Tellegie: it is rarely ſweet and pleaſing to the Pallate, and as wholſom to the Body, but no ſtronger than water. […] An ordinary Tree will yield ſome three, ſome four Gallons in a day, ſome more and ſome leſs. The which Liquor they boyl and make a kind of brown Sugar, called Jaggory; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1834, Rám Ráz, Essay on the Architecture of the Hindús, London: […] [F]or the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland; by John William Parker, […], →OCLC, page 64",
"text": "In all the operations of chunam work, jaggery water, i. e. a solution of molasses or coarse sugar, is invariably added by the builders, and its use appears to have prevailed from the remotest ages. There are various opinions among the modern practitioners regarding its usefulness, but those who have had the most extensive practice in building, hold it as an indispensable ingredient in the formation of a durable and hard cement; and it is stated that the operator evidently perceives the dissolvent property of the jaggery water, on its being tempered with the prepared mortar.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1958, R. K. Narayan [Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami], chapter 6, in The Guide […], Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1980, page 78",
"text": "He counted the seasons by the special points that jutted out, such as the harvest in January, when his disciples brought him sugar cane and jaggery cooked with rice; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A traditional dark-brown unrefined sugar made from palm tree sap which is used throughout South and Southeast Asia; (by extension) other types of unrefined sugar."
],
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"dark",
"dark#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar#Noun"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"palm tree",
"palm tree"
],
[
"sap",
"sap#Noun"
],
[
"used",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"South",
"South Asia"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia"
],
[
"types",
"type#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar."
],
"links": [
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"processes",
"process#Verb"
],
[
"sugar cane",
"sugar cane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʒæɡəɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʒæɡɹi/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒæɡəɹi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-jaggery.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jaggary"
},
{
"word": "jagghery"
},
{
"word": "jaggory"
},
{
"word": "jaggry"
},
{
"word": "jagra"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "gur",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুৰ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "gur",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুড়"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "গুড়"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "bhēlī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "भेली"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "gūr",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गूर"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neobrabotena palmova zahar",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "необработена палмова захар"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "htan:lyak",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ထန်းလျက်"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cūtáng",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "粗糖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shímì",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "石蜜"
},
{
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "hakuru",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ހަކުރު"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "raakasokeri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jaggery"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jagré"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jagre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vollrohrzucker"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "goḷ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ગોળ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुड़"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jagarī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ジャガリー"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jaggarī",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ジャッガリー"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "gula abang"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"code": "kfa",
"lang": "Kodava",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaegeori",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "재거리"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "jageri"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "gula melaka"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "cakkara",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ചക്കര"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śaṟkkara",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ശർക്കര"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gūḷ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गूळ"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "گوړه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "شکر زرد"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "jaggery"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jágara"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "açúcar mascavo"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ਗੁੜ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pálʹmovyj sáxar-syréc",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́льмовый са́хар-сыре́ц"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sáxar-syréc",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "са́хар-сыре́ц"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "guḍa",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुड"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "gula",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "गुल"
},
{
"code": "sat",
"lang": "Santali",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ᱜᱩᱲ"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seagaraidh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "јаггери"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jaggeri"
},
{
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ڳڙ"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "hakuru",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "හකුරු"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"feminine"
],
"word": "panela"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Venezuela",
"masculine"
],
"word": "papelón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "piloncillo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Cuba",
"feminine"
],
"word": "raspadura"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"Costa-Rica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "tapa de dulce"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "sukari guru"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "sukari nguuru"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kaṭṭi",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "கட்டி"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "vellam",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "வெல்லம்"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bellamu",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "బెల్లము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "น้ำตาลโตนด"
},
{
"code": "tcy",
"lang": "Tulu",
"roman": "bella",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "ಬೆಲ್ಲ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "džahheri",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "джаггері"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "guṛ",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "گڑ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "đường phên"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"word": "đường thô"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "traditional unrefined dark-brown sugar made from palm tree sap; other types of unrefined sugar",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "siwgwr crai"
},
{
"code": "ahr",
"lang": "Ahirani",
"roman": "gurhāy",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"word": "गुऱ्हाय"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gurhāḷ",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "गुऱ्हाळ"
},
{
"code": "vah",
"lang": "Varhadi",
"roman": "gurhāḷ",
"sense": "small-scale production plant that processes sugar cane to make sugar",
"word": "गुऱ्हाळ"
}
],
"word": "jaggery"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.