See hwehwlą on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hwehwlą meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hwehwl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwehwl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwehwl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hweogl",
"3": "hweogol",
"4": "hweohl",
"5": "hweowl",
"6": "hweowol"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hweogl, hweogol, hweohl, hweowl, hweowol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hweogl, hweogol, hweohl, hweowl, hweowol (from singular), hwēol (from plural *hweulō)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "whel",
"3": "whele",
"4": "qweel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: whel, whele, qweel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: whel, whele, qweel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "English: wheel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wheel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wheel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wheel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwēl"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hwēl",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "in compounds"
},
"expansion": "(in compounds)",
"name": "lb"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hwēl (in compounds), fiāl, tziāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "weyel",
"3": "weel"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: weyel, weel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: weyel, weel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Wäil",
"3": "Jool"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Wäil, Jool",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Wäil, Jool"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fjil",
"3": "tsjil",
"4": "tsjel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fjil, tsjil, tsjel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fjil, tsjil, tsjel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hwiol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hwiol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wêl",
"3": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wêl, wiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wêl, wiel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Weel"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Weel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Weel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wiol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wiol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: wiel, weel\nDutch: wiel\nAfrikaans: wiel\nNegerhollands: wiel, wil\n→ Caribbean Javanese: wil\n→ Papiamentu: wil\n→ Sranan Tongo: wiri\nLimburgish: weel\n→ Old Frisian: wēl\nWest Frisian: wiele",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: wiel, weel\nDutch: wiel\nAfrikaans: wiel\nNegerhollands: wiel, wil\n→ Caribbean Javanese: wil\n→ Papiamentu: wil\n→ Sranan Tongo: wiri\nLimburgish: weel\n→ Old Frisian: wēl\nWest Frisian: wiele"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*wihil"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *wihil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *wihil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "*wihel",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle High German: *wihel",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly extinct as simplex"
},
"expansion": "(possibly extinct as simplex)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle High German: *wihel (possibly extinct as simplex)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wiel",
"3": "Wiele",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? German: Wiel, Wiele",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain"
},
"expansion": "(“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? German: Wiel, Wiele (“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wihilstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "*wihilasca",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: wihilstein; *wihilasca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: wihilstein; *wihilasca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wihelstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "*wihelesche"
},
"expansion": "German: wihelstein; *wihelesche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: wihelstein; *wihelesche"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wielstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "Wielesche"
},
"expansion": "German: Wielstein; Wielesche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wielstein; Wielesche"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvél"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hvél",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hvél (from singular), hjól (from plural *hweulō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hjól",
"3": "hvel"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hjól, hvel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hjól, hvel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hjól",
"3": "hvæl"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hjól, hvæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hjól, hvæl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hjul",
"3": "kvel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hjul, kvel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hjul, kvel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "hurl"
},
"expansion": "Norn: hurl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: hurl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "hiul",
"3": "hiughl",
"alt": "hiūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hiūl, hiughl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hiūl, hiughl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "juol"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: juol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: juol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷékʷlos",
"4": "*kʷékʷlom",
"t": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlom (“wheel”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlom (“wheel”). The plural *hweulō is from the Proto-Indo-European collective *kʷekʷléh₂ (“wheels”), and the neuter gender was likely back-formed from that.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwihwlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwihwlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwehwl",
"2": "hweul",
"g": "n",
"stem": "acoll"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwehwlą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"id": "en-hwehwlą-gem-pro-noun-ulmSYVnS",
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hwelą"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxʷe.xʷlɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hwehwlą"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hwehwl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwehwl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwehwl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hweogl",
"3": "hweogol",
"4": "hweohl",
"5": "hweowl",
"6": "hweowol"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hweogl, hweogol, hweohl, hweowl, hweowol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hweogl, hweogol, hweohl, hweowl, hweowol (from singular), hwēol (from plural *hweulō)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "whel",
"3": "whele",
"4": "qweel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: whel, whele, qweel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: whel, whele, qweel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "English: wheel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wheel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wheel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wheel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwēl"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hwēl",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "in compounds"
},
"expansion": "(in compounds)",
"name": "lb"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hwēl (in compounds), fiāl, tziāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "weyel",
"3": "weel"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: weyel, weel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: weyel, weel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Wäil",
"3": "Jool"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Wäil, Jool",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Wäil, Jool"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fjil",
"3": "tsjil",
"4": "tsjel"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fjil, tsjil, tsjel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fjil, tsjil, tsjel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hwiol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hwiol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wêl",
"3": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wêl, wiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wêl, wiel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Weel"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Weel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Weel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wiol"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wiol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wiol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: wiel, weel\nDutch: wiel\nAfrikaans: wiel\nNegerhollands: wiel, wil\n→ Caribbean Javanese: wil\n→ Papiamentu: wil\n→ Sranan Tongo: wiri\nLimburgish: weel\n→ Old Frisian: wēl\nWest Frisian: wiele",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: wiel, weel\nDutch: wiel\nAfrikaans: wiel\nNegerhollands: wiel, wil\n→ Caribbean Javanese: wil\n→ Papiamentu: wil\n→ Sranan Tongo: wiri\nLimburgish: weel\n→ Old Frisian: wēl\nWest Frisian: wiele"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*wihil"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *wihil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *wihil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "*wihel",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle High German: *wihel",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly extinct as simplex"
},
"expansion": "(possibly extinct as simplex)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle High German: *wihel (possibly extinct as simplex)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wiel",
"3": "Wiele",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? German: Wiel, Wiele",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain"
},
"expansion": "(“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? German: Wiel, Wiele (“whirl, vortex”, 15th c., may be from Low German, but uncertain)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wihilstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "*wihilasca",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: wihilstein; *wihilasca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: wihilstein; *wihilasca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wihelstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "*wihelesche"
},
"expansion": "German: wihelstein; *wihelesche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: wihelstein; *wihelesche"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wielstein",
"3": ";",
"4": "Wielesche"
},
"expansion": "German: Wielstein; Wielesche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wielstein; Wielesche"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvél"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hvél",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hvél (from singular), hjól (from plural *hweulō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hjól",
"3": "hvel"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hjól, hvel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hjól, hvel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hjól",
"3": "hvæl"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hjól, hvæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hjól, hvæl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hjul",
"3": "kvel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hjul, kvel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hjul, kvel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "hurl"
},
"expansion": "Norn: hurl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: hurl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "hiul",
"3": "hiughl",
"alt": "hiūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hiūl, hiughl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hiūl, hiughl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hjul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hjul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "juol"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: juol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: juol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷékʷlos",
"4": "*kʷékʷlom",
"t": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlom (“wheel”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlom (“wheel”). The plural *hweulō is from the Proto-Indo-European collective *kʷekʷléh₂ (“wheels”), and the neuter gender was likely back-formed from that.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwihwlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwihwlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hweulamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwehwl",
"2": "hweul",
"g": "n",
"stem": "acoll"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwehwlą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hwelą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"wheel"
],
"links": [
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxʷe.xʷlɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hwehwlą"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.